62 results about "Cell wall breakdown" patented technology

A method and device for performing lysing on a cell-containing fluid, in which the fluid flows through a vibrating micromachined tube to physically rupture the cell walls (mechanical lysis), and / or to mix, agitate or homogenize the fluid during chemical lysis, and / or to mix, agitate or homogenize the lysate for analysis or other processing after lysing. The tube includes a freestanding portion spaced apart from a surface of a substrate on which the tube is formed. The device further includes means for vibrating the freestanding portion of the tube at a level sufficient to rupture the walls of cells in a fluid flowing through the freestanding portion (for mechanical lysing) or to mix the fluid and a chemical lysing additive within the freestanding portion (for chemical lysing).

The invention relates to a multistage anaerobic digestion strengthened gas production method mainly comprising the steps of front-stage anaerobic digestion, high-temperature and high-pressure thermal hydrolysis and back-stage anaerobic digestion. After sludge is subjected to the front-stage anaerobic digestion treatment, easily-degraded organic matters are sufficiently decomposed and converted into marsh gas, the residual part mainly comprises difficultly-biodegraded organic matters and facultative bacteria which adapt to the anaerobic environment and can not be digested and utilized, and the organic matters account for over 50% of the total organic matters in the sludge and restrict the development of anaerobic digestion. The discharged material subjected to the front-stage anaerobic digestion is subjected to the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal hydrolysis treatment to force a cell wall to crack, substances in a cell to be dissolved out and a colloid structure of an extracellular polymer to be broken, so that parts of difficultly-biodegraded organic matters are converted into the easily-degraded organic matters; the sludge subjected to the thermal hydrolysis treatment is added into a back-stage anaerobic digestion system to further realize the degradation and anaerobic gas production of the organic matters. By using the multistage anaerobic digestion strengthened gas production method, the degradation rate and gas production rate of the organic matters in the sludge are radically increased, the quantity and volume of the sludge are reduced, the sludge stabilizing effect is enhanced, and the quality of anaerobic digestion sludge is improved.

A method for extracting huperzine a from huperzia serrata comprises procedures including dilute acid soaking, repeated ultrasonic assisted extraction, repeated dilute acid and dilute alkali extraction, impurity removal by the aid of activated carbon, multiple times of low temperature recrystallization, and the like. The method has the advantages that alkaloid can be converted into alkaloid salt so as to be dissolved out by means of the dilute acid soaking procedure, cell walls of the huperzia serrata can be broken by means of the ultrasonic assisted extraction procedure in an extracting process, so that the alkaloid can be dissolved into soaking liquid better, and recovery rate is improved. Upon testing, the recovery rate of the huperzine a extracted by the method can reach 98.3%. Dilute acid and dilute alkali are used for extracting and re-extracting, so that impurities can be removed well and then are further removed better by the activated carbon, finally, residual impurities are removed by means of the repeated low temperature recrystallization procedure, and accordingly the high-purity huperzine a can be obtained. An embodiment detects that the purity of the extracted huperzine a reaches 99.11% HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography).

The present invention relates to a twin-screw extrusion processing treatment method for wheat bran and its twin-screw extruder. Said treatment method includes the following steps; thermal refining wheat bran; extruding treatment, adopting twin-screw extruder to treat thermal refined wheat bran, the draw ratio of screw rod is 15-30:1, compression ratio of twin-screw is 2-8:1, the rotating speed of screw rod is 150-500 rpm; rotary cutting; and pulverizing. Said invention can make the microorganism, biological enzyme and injurious insect eggs being in the wheat bran be completely killed and inactivated so as to make the wheat bran obtain further development and utilization.

The invention relates to a method for dealing with water by adopting sweep-frequency technique and equipment thereof, which adopts sweep-frequency pulse electromagnetic field and direct current electric field to treat water simultaneously or in sequence by sweep-frequency technique. The sweep-frequency pulse electromagnetic field spectrum produced can change continuously and can be applied to the water in suspense with various properties; wherein, the sweep-frequency pulse electromagnetic field can facilitate the cellular elements of alga or microbe to generate libration, breakage of cell walls is aroused, the substances contained in cell accumulate together so as to arouse death of alga or microbe, and the effect of sterilization and killing alga is realized. And the electrolysis of the direct current electric field can generate much active substances in the water, such as OH<->, ClO<->, H2O2, HClO, and the like, and the effect of sterilization and killing alga can be enhanced. Additionally, direct current electric filed and the sweep-frequency pulse electromagnetic field can produce electrochemical reaction and electrocoagulation effect, thus removing organic matter and heavy metal ions in the water, lowering turbidity, removing suspended substance and lowering COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD (biological oxygen demand), etc.

The invention relates to a sweep electromagnetic field generator for generating a sweep electromagnetic field to treat sewage. The generator can simultaneously generate a direct-current electric field and a sweep pulse electromagnetic field for water treatment by the sweep frequencytechnique; frequency spectrum of the sweep pulse electromagnetic field generated by the generator can be changed continuously, thereby the generator is suitable for water to be treated with various characteristics; the sweep pulse electromagnetic field can make algae or bacterium cell molecules in water generate vibration, to cause the cell wall to break, and internal substances of cells accumulated together so as to make algae or bacteria dead, thereby achieving the aims of sterilization and algae removal; due to the electrolytic action of the direct-current electric field, a great deal of active substances can be generated in the water, for example, OH<->, ClO<->, H2O2, HClO and so on, thereby strengthening the effects of sterilization and algae removal; and moreover, the direct-current electric field and the sweep pulse electromagnetic field can generate electrochemical reaction and electrocoagulation action, so as to remove organic substances, heavy metal ions and suspended substances in the water, reduce the turbidity, the COD (the chemical oxygen demand) and the BOD (the biological oxygen demand) and so on.

A dispersion includes a liquid medium and particles of a fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum. The particles are dispersed in the liquid medium and have a minimum volume average particle size such that cell walls of the fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum are ruptured and essential ingredients contained in cells of the fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum are released into the liquid medium.

The invention discloses an extraction method for artemisia argyi essential oil. The method comprises the following steps: raw material pretreatment, microwave assisted extraction, compound enzyme assisted extraction, steam distillation extraction, condensation and refining. According to the method, artemisia argyi leaves are placed in distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning, so that impurities such as protein and glucose can be simply, conveniently and effectively removed from surfaces of the artemisia argyi leaves, the generation of the impurities during essential oil extraction is reduced, the aim of improving purity of the essential oil is achieved, and extraction cost increase resulting from traditional solvent cleaning and the influence on the purity of the essential oil caused by solvent residual are avoided. Then, microwave assisted extraction, compound enzyme assisted extraction, steam distillation extraction and molecular distillation are combined, cell wall rupture and localswelling of intercellular substances are achieved by microwave assisted extraction and compound enzyme assisted extraction, and thus, intracellular substances are more easily dissolved out; subsequently, the essential oil is thoroughly refined by steam distillation extraction; finally, refining is carried out by molecular distillation, the separation of lightweight molecules from heavy molecules is achieved by dint of difference among mean free paths of molecular movement of different substances, and thus, the purity of the artemisia argyi essential oil is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for extracting bioactive substance by breaking the walls of chlorella pyrenoidosa chick. The method comprises the following steps of: A, freezing the grout of chlorella pyrenoidosa chick live body at the temperature of between 20 and 40 DEG C, placing frozen blocks obtained by freezing in a container, and quickly extruding the frozen blocks by a physical extrusion method to ensure that the frozen blocks are broken and dissolved instantaneously; B, placing the wall breaking liquid obtained by extrusion in a stirrer for stirring; and C, performing enrichment on the wall breaking liquid by membrane separation technology at the temperature of between 0 and 5 DEG C to obtain the bioactive substance. In the method, the chlorella pyrenoidosa chick live body is frozen to ensure that cytosol in the chlorella pyrenoidosa chick cells extrudes cell walls, and then the frozen blocks are quickly broken by the physical extrusion technology, so that the cell walls of chlorella pyrenoidosa chick are fully broken by combining the two means to allow the cytosol in the cell walls to flows out; therefore, the bioactive substance in the cytosol of the chlorella pyrenoidosa chick can be effectively extracted.

The invention relates to a method for extracting serrate clubmoss herb huperzia total alkali. The method comprises the following steps of: dilute acid soaking, ultrasonic auxiliary extract, extract, re-extraction edulcoration and the like. The method for extracting the serrate clubmoss herb huperzia total alkali has the benefits of soaking and extracting by utilizing acid water, converting natural base into natural alkali salt to dissolve out, carrying out the ultrasonic auxiliary extract during extraction to crack cell walls of serrate clubmoss herb so as to greatly dissolve the natural base in soaking liquid and improve a recovery rate. According to the method for extracting the serrate clubmoss herb huperzia total alkali, disclosed by the invention, based on a test, the huperzia total alkali is extracted, thus the recovery rate can reach 98.3% and is improved, and a limit resource is saved; in addition, the extract and re-extraction are carried out by the dilute acid and dilute base so that impurities can be greatly removed; and based on the test, the purity of the huperzia total alkali extracted by the method disclosed by the invention can reach 28.1%.

The invention discloses a method for extracting a living tobacco leaf aroma substance from tobacco curing room waste gas and a method for improving cigarette flue gas aroma. The method for extracting living tobacco leaf aroma substances comprises the following steps: putting an adsorbing material at a moisture discharge port and a gas discharge port of the tobacco curing room to adsorb volatile matters volatilized from tobacco leaves in the curing process, wherein the volatile matters are contents volatilized in the tobacco leaf tentacle and blade cell wall rupture process; collecting for 5-10 hours, and immersing the adsorbing material in dichloromethane for 4-8 hours to obtain raw liquor; and further extracting the raw liquor to obtain a liquid aroma substance. The living tobacco leaf aroma substance extracted from the tobacco curing room waste gas obviously enhance the abundance and delicacy of the cigarette flue gas aroma when being used for processing cigarettes; and thus, the method can use local materials, utilizes wastes, change wastes into valuable substances and generate great economic benefit and environmental benefit.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural products, and particularly relates to a probiotics fermented type composite fruit and vegetable beverage for moistening and relaxing bowel and a preparation method thereof. The beverage is prepared from, by weight, 40-50 parts of yellow peach puree, 20-30 parts of carrot puree, 10-20 parts of composite berry puree, 5-10 parts of a sweetener substituent solution, and 3.5-7 parts of a sour agent substituent solution. The beverage is produced through a freeze squeezing technology, wherein the fruits and vegetables are subjected to cell disruption after low-temperature freezing, so that juice yield and dissolution of active components are improved. Through compounding of the raw materials, the beverage has a bright color, good stability and fine and smooth mouth feel, is refreshing and has a moderate sour-and-sweet taste, has no bubble and impurities, is free of layering and precipitation, and is color-retaining and glossy, has excellent health care value, is improved in the effect of moistening and relaxing bowel, and is healthy and safe.

The invention relates to the field of biochemistry, and relates to an immobilized compound enzyme and a method for extracting garlic polysaccharide from an alliin waste liquid by using the immobilized compound enzyme. According to the method, broken kernel enzyme, namely pectinase (enzyme activity is 100,000 u / g) and protein removing enzyme, namely bromelain (enzyme activity is 100,000 u / g) are fixed in an epoxy macroporous resin, the broken kernel enzyme can hydrolyze cellulose to break cell walls, protein polysaccharide is released, and the protein removing enzyme can perform enzymolysis on protein combined with polysaccharide. The immobilized compound enzyme is adopted for extracting the garlic polysaccharide from the alliin waste liquid, a garlic polysaccharide product is prepared by steps of filtration, 1.5-5mu m ultrafiltration membrane separation, concentration and spray drying; and by the method, the yield of the polysaccharide can be improved, the content of protein in the polysaccharide is reduced and the purity of the polysaccharide is improved.

The invention provides a method for preparing dendrobe black tea. By adopting the method, normal temperature withering is performed, and the problems of incomplete transformation of effective substances and dendrobe leaf withering, which are caused by direct high-temperature hot air withering and favorable to the quality of finished product tea, can be avoided; medium-temperature hot air witheringis performed, transformation of substances, which are favorable to the quality of finished product tea, in dendrobe leaves can be further promoted, and the grass odor of dendrobe leaves can completely disappear; during rolling, primary rolling is performed at first, and secondary rolling is performed by utilizing a fast wrapping machine, so that cells of dendrobe leaves can be disrupted more uniformly, the dendrobe leaves can be fermented more uniformly, the cell walls of epidermal stratum corneum cells on dendrobe leaves can be broken, and effective ingredients in the cells can be sufficiently released; and the drying temperature is reasonably controlled, and twice drying is performed at the drying temperature from low to high, so that the problem of scorched flavor of tea caused by overhigh drying speed and over high drying temperature can be avoided.

The invention provides a method for bulking crop straws by using solar energy, which comprises the following steps: soaking the crushed crop straws in aqueous solution of ammonia and urea or aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, or heat soaking the crushed crop straws by using hot water which is provided by a solar water heater; and after evaporating and sterilizing the crop straws through steam, performing instant pressure relief on the crop straws to a normal pressure to ensure that high temperature water molecules in the cells of straw powder enter the normal pressure state to evaporate quickly and cell walls are also broken so as to obtain the lignin degraded and bulked straw powder. The whole process of bulking the crop straws consumes the solar energy only, and radically reduces or eliminates dependence of straw bulking production on non-renewable energy resources, namely coal and fuel gas; and the energy can be used locally, the solar energy is fully used to bulk the crop straws, better disinfection effect and lignin degraded effect are achieved, favorable conditions for a subsequent biochemical process such as fermentation are created, and the quality of fermented products is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a preparation method of xylooligosaccharide. The preparation method of the xylooligosaccharide comprises the following steps: carrying out alkaline pulverizing on corncobs andthen freezing the pulverized corncobs to break cell walls, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the pulverized corncobs in an acidic environment, and successively carrying out AMBERJET 1200H treatmentand Amberlite XAD-16 treatment to obtain a xylan solution for subsequent use; and carrying out enzymolysis on the xylan solution by using xylanase to obtain a xylooligosaccharide solution, and crystallizing the xylooligosaccharide solution. The yield of the obtained xylan solution is high, therefore, the yield of the xylooligosaccharide is increased, and moreover, the provided preparation methodis simple and is easy to operate.

The invention discloses an antistatic, antibacterial, halogen-free and flame-retardant PC / ABS composition. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 30 partsof styryl block copolymer resin, 40 to 80 parts of polycarbonate, 10 to 30 parts of phosphate, 0 to 10 parts of toughening agent, 0.1 to 0.6 part of carbon nano tube and 0.1 to 0.6 part of silver ionantibacterial agent. Compared with the existing halogen-free flame-retardant PC / ABS, the halogen-free flame-retardant PC / ABS has the advantages, the carbon nanotubes are added; a conductive channel can be established in the polymer to bring charges to a ground wire to form a conductive network; the silver ion antibacterial agent can react with cell wall peptidoglycan adsorbed on bacteria on the surface of the product to cause bacterial dysfunction, and finally cell wall rupture is caused, so that bacteria are killed, and the antibacterial effect of the product is achieved.

A method for the pretreatment of biomass solids includes hydrating the biomass solids to form a biomass slurry, shear treating the biomass solids, and hydrolyzing the biomass solids in the presence of reactive enzymes in a pressure hydrolysis zone. Shear treatment of the biomass solids reduces the particle size of the biomass solids, modifies the particle or slurry morphology, and / or ruptures the cell walls of the biomass solids. The pressure hydrolysis zone includes a high-shear, high-pressure, low-temperature heat exchange and reaction zone and a low-pressure, low-temperature polishing zone. Sugars formed from the biomass solids treated in accordance with the methods described above may be used to produce various biofuels.

The invention belongs to the field of extraction of effective components of traditional Chinese medicines, and relates to a method for efficiently extracting Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide by adopting a cold plasma wall-breaking technology. According to the cold plasma wall-breaking technology wall-breaking treatment on a dry Chinese wolfberry raw material is carried out by utilizing a vacuum ultraviolet photon effect in cold plasma, so that more bioactive components in Chinese wolfberry are easy to dissolve out and extract. The method specifically comprises the following steps: helium gas (He) is used as a cold plasma gas source; He high-energy plasma and vacuum ultraviolet photons are generated by adjusting the He vacuum degree (50-250 Pa) and the discharge power (50-250 W), the surface of the Chinese wolfberry is evenly bombarded within a short time (5-45 s), modification and etching are generated, cell wall rupture is finally caused, and the pretreatment effect is achieved. According to the method, the Chinese wolfberry is subjected to wall-breaking treatment by adopting cold-temperature plasma to extract the Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide, and the method has the advantagesof relatively large primary treatment capacity, short time, low cost, environmental friendliness, high wall-breaking rate, high polysaccharide dissolution rate and the like.

The invention relates to an extraction method in the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to an isatis root pre-treatment method for fermenting extraction of isatis root polysaccharide. The isatis roots are crushed by means of fluid energy milling, so that the isatis root structure can be more fined and extraction of polysaccharide is not affected; by damaging the mechanical supporting wall membrane structures of the isatis roots, polysaccharide can be more fully dissolved in later stage. Steam explosion is carried out for pre-treatment. High-temperature saturated steam quickly permeates into the cell tissues of the isatis roots and component separation and structure change of raw materials are achieved by moment decompression, so that the cell tissues of the isatis roots are damaged; interconnection among fiber bundles is damaged, so that cell walls are broken to form smooth porous structures; the fiber bundles are separated, and the cell walls are broken, so that the functional components wrapped in the fiber bundles or cells are released, the mass transfer ability is obviously reduced, and therefore, a purpose of increasing the polysaccharide extraction ratio is achieved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a biomass organic deacidification agent, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of deacidification agents. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, pre-processing turnip; then, mixing the pre-processed turnip with diatomite and conducting extracting, and modifying the diatomite by virtue of ammonia water, so that the adsorption capacity of the diatomite is enhanced and turnip alkali is loaded on the diatomite; then, cultivating acid-resistant bacteria, and adopting lysozyme to enable cell walls to become broken and active substances to be dissolved out; and finally, conducting mixing, so that the deacidification agent is obtained. The deacidification agent prepared by the invention is good in deacidification effect and stable in adsorption process, and the deacidification agent cannot get decomposed easily; in addition, the preparation method is green and environment-friendly in a preparation process and free from pollution to environment; and the prepared deacidification agent is relatively low in oil loss rate, which is merely 0.1%, in the deacidification process, and the adsorption efficiency of the deacidification agent is improved by 25-30% in comparison with other deacidification agents.

The invention discloses a method for extracting noni general flavones. The noni general flavones are extracted from noni by adopting mechanochemistry and ultrasonic-assisted extraction technologies. The basic principle is that the cell walls of noni are broken under the action of high-energy mechanical force, flavones and other active materials are released out, polysaccharides and other impurities and solid-phase reagents form specific complexes so as to be removed, and by adopting the ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the extraction rate of the noni general flavones is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge high-temperature wall-breaking conditioning machine and a wall-breaking conditioning dehydration system and method.The sludge high-temperature wall-breaking conditioning machine and method includes the following steps:S1, preheating sludge with the water content of 80%; s2, further heating the preheated sludge, breaking cell walls of a large number of cells in the sludge under the action of high temperature and high pressure for a period of time, and releasing water in the cells; s3, cooling the temperature of the wall-broken sludge to be close to the temperature when the wall-broken sludge enters; and S4, adding a flocculation agent into the cooled sludge, carrying out reaction conditioning, pumping the sludge into a plate-and-frame dehydrator, and carrying out squeezing dehydration in the plate-and-frame dehydrator until the water content is 50-60%. The device is particularly suitable for a centralized treatment project of sludge with the water content of about 80%, and the trouble that the sludge with the water content of about 80% needs to be further diluted until the water content is 90% and then enters a plate-and-frame machine to be dewatered is solved.

The invention provides a manufacturing method for Wudalianchi volcano slime freeze-drying powder, relates to a manufacturing method for volcano slime freeze-drying powder and belongs to the slime freeze-drying powder manufacturing field. The manufacturing method is aimed to solve the problems that fresh slime is processed through drying in the sun and stoving, thus slime is hard and dry, color is changed, organic components are lost. The manufacturing method comprises steps: first, frozen slime is prepared; second, the frozen slime is put into a vacuum freeze drier, a vacuum pump and a vacuum gauge are started, when the vacuum degree is more than 10 Pa and less than 15 Pa, the vacuum degree is kept until the temperature of the frozen slime is minus 25- minus 30 DEG C for 1-2h; the vacuum degree is adjusted to be less than 10 Pa, and the vacuum degree is kept for 5-7h, and slime freeze-drying powder is obtained. The Wudalianchi slime freeze-drying powder can be blended into fresh Wudalianchi volcano slime with original components at any time. Ultralow temperature rapid refrigeration is employed, objects can be frozen rapidly in an ultralow temperature, cell wall fracture is prevented and biological activity is maintained.

The invention discloses a microbiological detection method. The microbiological detection method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a culture medium; (2) culturing microorganism; (3) extracting ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) from microbial cells; (4) performing luminescence detection; (5) identifying. The microbiological detection method disclosed by the invention is used for detecting whether a sample contains the microorganism; inorganic substances in the culture medium and a malt extract provide nutrition for the microorganism; the temperature of 30-37 DEG C of the culture medium is optimally suitable for culture of the microorganism; the cell walls are broken during cell centrifugation, so as to facilitate the follow-up reactions; an ATP releasing agent can help the microorganism perform a series of coupled reactions; at last the added luciferase enables the microorganism to emit light, so as to help identify whether the sample contains the microorganism or not.

The invention provides a method for extracting fucoxanthin from brown seaweeds, and relates to the technical field of biology. The method for extracting the fucoxanthin from the brown seaweeds comprises the following steps: after freeze-drying the brown seaweeds, crushing to obtain brown seaweed powder; after mixing the brown seaweed powder and a complex enzyme, adding ethanol to obtain a raw material solution; carrying out microwave extraction on the raw material solution for 3min to 8min to obtain an extracting solution, wherein the complex enzyme is prepared from pectinase and cellulase at the mass ratio of 1 : (0.5 to 4); carrying out solid-liquid separation on the extracting solution. The microwave extraction is cooperated with enzymolysis, and cell walls of the brown seaweeds can be rapidly broken, so that effective components in cells are dissolved out; the method has moderate reaction conditions, is simple to operate and is safe and environmentally friendly. Two extracting methods are combined, and the extracting quality is high; the fucoxanthin in the brown seaweeds can be effectively protected and is not damaged. The yield of an obtained extract is great, and the method has the advantages of time saving, reduction of the usage amount of a solvent, low energy consumption and the like.

The present invention relates to modification of timber with polymer. Timber, including log, wood board and square timber after being microwave drying for breaking cell wall is soaked in synthetic polymer before drying and curing. The soaking liquid has foaming agent added to facilitate subsequent drying and curing, and formaldehyde in the amount over 10 % may be added into the soaking liquid to shear the macro molecules formed inside the soaking liquid and prolong the service life of the soaking liquid. The present invention can greatly raise the physical and mechanical performance of timber and alter the color while producing no change in the fiber structure of timber and the sizes.