The invention relates to a resourceful treatment and recycling method of circuit board wastewater. The resourceful treatment and recycling method comprises the following steps of 1, precipitation breaking and copper removal, wherein pH of the circuit board wastewater is adjusted to 2-4, the circuit board wastewater is put into a precipitation breaking and copper removal reactor filled with ferric carbon filler, an aeration reaction is performed, the pH of outlet water of the reactor is adjusted, a flocculating agent is added, a stirring coagulating reaction is performed, and solid-liquid separation is performed; 2, cyanide breaking and nickel removal, wherein the pH of a supernate obtained in the step 1 is adjusted to 2-4, the supernate is put into a cyanide breaking and nickel removal reactor, and an aeration reaction is performed, the pH of outlet water of the reactor is adjusted to 8-9, a stirring coagulating reaction is performed, and solid liquid separation is performed; 3, filter material biological filter pond treatment, wherein the supernate obtained in the step 2 is added into a filter material biochemical treatment system with a cyanide breaking and nickel removal filter material, cyanide breaking and nickel removal are performed, and the final outlet water is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple in flow, compact, stable, efficient, low in operation cost, applicable to wastewater with the high heavy metal concentration and particularly suitable for circuit board wastewater treatment, and has the high popularization and application value.