The invention discloses a porous active charcoal material supporting cobalt nanoparticle material, which is prepared by performing hydrothermal treatment and subsequent treatment to glucose and a nitrogen-containing compound to obtain a porous carbon material, and supporting cobalt particles onto the carbon material through an impregnating chemical reduction method. The material is 3026-3277 m<2> / g in specific surface area, is more than 95.18% in micropore content, and has uniform distribution in pore size, which is mainly distributed in 1.24-1.95 nm. The preparation method includes the steps of: 1) preparing a nitrogen-containing precursor; 2) preparing the porous carbon material; and 3) supporting the cobalt nanoparticles. The material, when being used as a catalyst for catalyzing hydrolytic hydrogen release of ammonia borane, can complete the hydrogen release within 10 min, hydrogen release rate reaching 865.2 ml*min<-1>*g<-1>. The material can be recycled, and after circulation for 4 times, the hydrogen release time can be maintained in 10-45 min and hydrogen release rate can be maintained at 208.2-865.2 ml*min<-1>*g<-1>. The preparation method is simple and has low production cost. The material can be recycled, has good practicability, and has wide application prospect in the fields of hydrogen production, fuel cells, etc.