The invention discloses an automatic reagent feeding method and system for oil well scale prevention. The problems that a traditional reagent feeding device is large in single-well reagent feeding workload, is greatly influenced by weather and well site conditions, cannot guarantee time rate easily, has multiple corollary devices, and is large in maintenance workload, high in cost and large in worker labor intensity can be solved. The system comprises a reagent storage tank with a metering room storing an antiscale agent, and further comprises a plunger pump, a metering room electric valve, a reagent detection device, a controller and a well mouth electric valve, wherein the plunger pump feeds the antiscale agent stored in the metering room into a reagent feeding channel, the metering room electric valve opens or closes the reagent feeding channel, the reagent detection device collects electric conductivity information of a well mouth, the controller compares the collected electric conductivity with electric conductivity of water and then judges whether the antiscale agent is fed into the reagent feeding channel at the well mouth or not, and the well mouth electric valve opens or closes the reagent feeding channel at the position of the well mouth according to the result judged by the controller. The system is high in efficiency, small in labor input, automatic and intelligent.