The invention relates to a coal-based melting reduction ironmaking method, in particular to a duplex coal-based melting reduction ironmaking method for tube furnaces, namely shaft furnaces, which solves problems existing in various melting reduction ironmaking methods in the prior art. The method comprises the process steps of proportioning iron ore powder, coal dust and lime powder, adding water, stirring the materials, briquetting and molding under high pressure, preheating, drying, reinforcing, pre-reducing in a tube furnace, performing melting and final reduction in a shaft furnace and separating slag and iron in a forehearth. The method has the advantages of little comprehensive investment, low comprehensive energy consumption, little pollution, low equipment failure rate, steady production operation, changeable production scale, easy co-production casting, low cost, high investment return, short process, easy operation, little equipment and easy maintenance.