The invention relates to the technical field of breeding of aquatic products, in particular to a method for breeding loaches in a paddy field. The method comprises steps including land selection, disinfection, ditching, seed selection, bottom fertilizer application, feeding and the like. Bottom fertilizer is prepared from raw materials as follows: 20-30 parts of livestock manure and urea, 10-15 parts of Raphanus sativus, 15-17 parts of rudbeckia laciniata, 15-20 parts of Melilotus albus, 10-15 parts of buckwheat, 15-20 parts of azolla imbricate, 15-17 parts of Astragalus adsurgens and the like through fermentation; feed is mainly prepared from raw materials as follows: 11-13 parts of rape stalks, 10-11 parts of Veronica polita, 10-13 parts of berchemia Yunnanensis, 11-13 parts of herba epimedii, 10-13 parts of elodea nuttallii, 13-15 parts of Silphium perfoliatum, 5-6 parts of actinolite powder, 10-15 parts of flat snail meat meal, 10-15 parts of clam meat meal and the like through fermentation. Rice planting and loach breeding are scientifically and organically combined, the weight and reproduction of the loaches are effectively increased, the breeding benefits of the loaches are increased, and meat of the loaches is firm and delicious and contains rich nutrients.