The invention relates to a preparation method of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin multi-component nano functional drying agent, belonging to the field of preparation of nano environment-friendly functional materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: after preparing materials according to a certain weight ratio, 1, putting nano calcium carbonate into a mixing machine, and performing low-speed mixing; 2, putting an antistatic agent into the mixing machine, performing low-speed mixing for 3 minutes, and performing antistatic treatment on the nano calcium carbonate; 3, putting a coupling agent into the nano calcium carbonate subjected to antistatic treatment, performing low-speed mixing for 10 minutes, and performing primary calcium carbonate coating treatment; 4, putting ABS and remaining assistant into the nano calcium carbonate subjected to primary coating treatment, performing high-speed mixing for 5 minutes, and performing secondary calcium carbonate coating treatment; and 5, transferring the mixed materials into a double screw extruder, extruding, and cutting into uniform particles. According to the invention, the production procedures are simplified, the energy consumption is lowered, the production efficiency is enhanced, and the tensile toughness, processing flowability and aging resistance of the product are improved; and the addition of the drying agent within a certain proportional range can not increase the weight of the product.