45 results about "Chemical mutagens" patented technology

The present invention discloses a method for screening yellow wine yeast of high-yield urea. The method can screen out the yeast colony with low urea yield from the yellow wine yeast mutagenized by chemical mutagen with a canavanine plate and can also screen out the yeast colony with better low-yield property from the yellow wine yeast colony of common low-yield urea. The method for screening according to the invention can quick separate and obtain the target mycopremna. The blindness of breeding process is reduced and the predictability is increased. The breeding efficiency is greatly increased. The yellow wine yeast obtained through screening has the characteristic of low content of byproduct urea and can effectively reduce the content of urethane in the production of yellow wine.

The invention discloses a screening method of grape wine yeast with low-yield ethyl carbamate and application of grape wine yeast in the production of grape wine. The screening method comprises the following steps of: screening out a bacterial strain with the low-yield ethyl carbamate from active dried yeast and mutant strains by adopting a structural analogue of arginine, i.e., canavanine resistance flat plate, wherein the activity dried yeast can be separated from nature or can be purchased in market, and the mutant strains are obtained through the mutagenesis of chemical mutagen. The method is designed by a yeast amino acid metabolism theory and is simple and convenient; and a target bacterial strain can be obtained through rapid separation. According to the screening method, the obtained resistance bacterial strain B1 can be numbered as F15-1-15 bacterial strain (CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) NO. 4727) and is applied to the brewing of the grape wine in a small-sized fermented container; and on the basis of excellent brewing performance of the grape wine, the bacterial strain has the advantages of being capable of effectively and obviously reducing the content of the ethyl carbamate in the production of the grape wine and having the potential of industrial production and application.

The invention discloses a Cordyceps sinensis mutant strain for production of Cordyceps sinensis mycelia and relates to the field of application of a food microorganism technology. The mutant strain is collected in CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) in Wuhan, China on Jan. 23rd, 2015 with the number of CCTCC M 2015064 and the recommended Latin name of Cordyceps sinensis CCTCC M 2015064. In order to avoid use of toxic and harmful chemical mutagens and a genetic engineering method which is not recognized by the public in the food field, an ultraviolet physical mutagenesis technology is considered to be simple and easy, so that the ultraviolet mutagenesis method is adopted for mutagenesis, excellent characters of the novel Cordyceps sinensis strain are guaranteed through a series of screening methods in aspects of stability, hereditary and the like, and a strain basis for obtaining better-quality Cordyceps sinensis mycelium raw material, which can be used for producing healthy food, for industrial efficient fermentation of low-cost and novel rice bran and wheat bran complete liquid culture media to which cysteine hydrochloride and sodium copper chlorophyllin are added.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining an excellent clone through fiber bamboo subterraneous stem in-situ multiple mutagenesis. The method comprises the steps that a subterraneous stem of fiber bamboo is selected; an internal irradiation mutagenic agent is selected to be prepared into mutagenic agent solutions separately; a chemical mutagenic agent ethylmethane sulfonate is selected to beprepared into mutagenic agent solutions separately; a stainless steel continuous syringe is used for filling different segments of the selected subterraneous stem of the fiber bamboo with the internalirradiation mutagenic agent of different concentrations, and injection ports are sealed by non-sticking adhesive tapes; after 30-40 days, the stainless steel continuous syringe is used for filling the different segments of the selected subterraneous stem of the fiber bamboo with the chemical mutagenic agent solution, and the injection ports are sealed by non-sticking adhesive tapes; after earthing is performed for 60-90 days, different mutagenic buds on the segments, subjected to multiple treatment of the internal irradiation mutagenesis and mechanical mutagenesis, of the subterraneous stem are germinated into bamboo, and through screening and underground root dividing propagation, the clonal new germplasm or new species of the fiber bamboo with excellent traits.

The invention discloses a breeding method of strong-acid resistant lactic acid bacteria strain. The breeding method includes inducing common probiotic lactic acid bacteria by chemical mutagen such as nitrosoguanidine, exploring massive mutation colony of lactic acid as a new lactic acid genetic germplasm resource library, screening mutant strains, which are capable of growing on lactobacillus culture medium MRS and have regular shape and distinctive characteristics, from the resource library, and screening strains that could multiply fast after being treated by simulated gastric fluid from the mutant strains, which are the novel high-quality and strong-acid resistant lactic acid bacteria strain.

The invention provides a wheat mutation breeding method and aims to improve the chemical mutagenesis efficiency, generate a relative high point mutation frequency and have relative little chromosomal aberration. The wheat mutation breeding method disclosed by the invention adopts a 0.5% EMS (Ethylmethane Sulfonate)-phosphoric acid buffering solution to treat wheat pollen to induce andro gametes to have variation so as to obtain variant seeds; the 0.5% EMS-phosphoric acid buffering solution takes a phosphoric acid buffering solution as a solvent and a chemical mutagen ethylmethane sulfonate EMS is diluted to the volume ratio concentration of 0.5%; the mol concentration of the phosphoric acid buffering solution is 1 / 15mol / L; the dosage of the 0.5% EMS-phosphoric acid buffering solution is 25-50 microliters on each floret; and the wheat pollen is pollen which is about to be ripe or pollen grains which are primarily ripe.

The invention discloses a creation method of a salt-resistant corn. The method includes the following steps: (1) with seedlings sterilely germinated from excellent selfing line seeds as a material, cutting stem tips and performing in-vitro cultivation to inductively generate multiple shoot blocks; (2) performing mutation to the multiple shoot blocks with a chemical mutagen, and moving the multiple shoot blocks onto a culture medium with addition of sodium chloride after recovery cultivation to perform salt-resistant screening; (3) transferring survival tissue blocks to a differential culture medium to induce growth of small seedlings; (4) performing regenerated plant selfing or backcross with a donor selfing line plant to grow seeds to obtain progenies; (5) performing salt-resistant screening in the germination stage of the seeds and seedling period salt resistance detection to the progenies to select the plant strains being excellent in salt resistance; (6) planting the selected plant strains in saline and alkaline land, observing the agricultural characters of the strains and detecting combining ability to culture an excellent salt-resistant selfing line, and further culturing a salt-resistant high-yield hybrid. The method greatly increases the breeding speed of the salt-resistant selfing line, and has important significance in salt-resistant and drought-resistant breeding and agriculture production of corns.

The invention discloses a coccidiosis trivalent live vaccine which is prepared by performing first-stage attenuation on spore ball egg sacs which are obtained by performing separation, purification and cultivation on three types of eimeriida, namely eimeria tenella, eimeria necatrix and eimeria maxima, through alkylating agent chemical mutagen and mixing three second-stage attenuation plants obtained by performing second-stage attenuation by irradiation of physical mutagen ultraviolet on oocysts of chicks cultivated by first-stage attenuation plants. Furthermore, the invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the coccidiosis trivalent live vaccine. By adopting dual attenuation, the coccidiosis trivalent live vaccine disclosed by the invention is high in induction rate, low in toxicity and stable in immunity.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining a new salt-tolerant medicago variety through mutagenesis of a loose embryogenic callus; the method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a medicago aseptic seedling; (2) inducing a medicago loose callus; (3) inducing a medicago embryogenic callus; (4) inducing the medicago loose embryogenic callus; (5) preparing a mutagenic material; (6) screening a salt-tolerant cell line; and (7) culturing a salt-tolerant mutant strain. The method comprises the main content that the medicago loose embryogenic callus is induced firstly, then the callus is subjected to in-vitro mutagenesis with a chemical mutagen, the medicago loose embryogenic callus after mutagenesis is transferred to a culture medium containing a certain concentration of salt and is subjected to directional screening, the salt-tolerant medicago mutant callus is obtained and is subjected to regeneration culture, and finally the salt-tolerant medicago mutant strain is obtained.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop marker-assisted breeding, and more specifically relates to a chemical emasculation seed production method by using herbicide-resistant gene rape. The method is characterized by comprising a step for culturing a male parent material of a tolerance chemical male gametocide and a chemical emasculation step without shielding. According to the invention, a chemical mutagen is used for mutagenesis of cabbage-type rape seeds, a herbicide tribenuron methyl is sprayed at 5-6 leaf stage, a mutant material for herbicide resistance is primarily obtained, selfing is carried out so that herbicide-resistant mutant strain with stable heredity is obtained, a rape mutant strain genome DNA is extracted, BnaAHAS1 and BnaAHAS3 gene fragments can be obtained through amplification, wherein a nucleotide sequence of a BnaAHAS3 gene fragment is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and a C / T mutation is existed on a 536bp site of the gene BnaAHAS3. The invention also discloses a preparation method of an herbicide-resistant specific marker, and an application in shield-free chemical emasculation seed production.

The invention discloses a breeding method for tetraploid maize. The breeding method comprises the steps of seed selection, seed germination culture, mutagenesis and seedling culture, wherein the mutagenesis step adopts chemical mutagenesis; the mutagenesis method of a maize tetraploid is high in mutagenesis success rate, and free of seedling rotting. A mutagen adopted in chemical mutagenesis comprises a mixture of colchicine, heteroauxin, periethylenenaphthalene, ethyl methanesulfonate, ethylenimine, nitroso-ethyl-urethane, nitroso-methyl-urethane, diethyl sulphate, azaserine, and mitomycin C. The mutagenesis method of the maize tetraploid is high in mutagenesis success rate, and free of seedling rotting, and has a wide market prospect; the chemical mutagen adopted in the mutagenesis method is obtained via precise proportioning, and can realize accurate induction of tetraploid maize; the treated maize is high in yield, short in growth cycle, and has competitive advantage; the breeding method is simple to operate, and easy for wide-range popularization.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and provides a method for breeding new sorghum variety by use of mutation breeding based on diethyl sulfate, so as to solve the problems that existing sorghum variety resource innovation is insufficient, materials for a new breeding technology applied to sorghum breeding are less and the possibility of obtaining a new sorghum variety is low. The method comprises the following steps: treating sorghum seeds indoors by use of diethyl sulfate; screening mutants from the treated sorghum seeds; and performing field cultivation on the screened required mutants so as to screen out mutated descendant materials. The invention establishes a technical method for breeding sorghum through mutation based on diethyl sulfate, so that a safe use method of a toxic chemical DES is further improved, an obvious mutation effect of DES in treatment of sorghum seeds is confirmed, an operation method of treating sorghum seeds by use of the toxic chemical DES is improved, and unwanted hazard problems possibly brought to people can be solved.

The invention discloses a breeding method for a new variety of fruit mulberries. The breeding method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting ripe mulberries of Taiwan morus macroura mulberrytrees which grow healthily; step 2, preserving seeds; step 3, sowing the seeds from the last ten-day period of March to the first ten-day period of April; step 4, thinning out seedlings when the height of fruit mulberry seedlings is 5 to 7cm; step 5, selecting the fruit mulberry seedlings with good growth from the last ten-day period of May to the first ten-day period of June and carrying out field planting; step 6, carrying out top removal for three times in sequence; step 7, in a growth period of the fruit mulberry seedlings, applying fertilizer to the fruit mulberry seedlings for a plurality of times and preventing diseases and insect pests; step 8, selecting the fruit mulberry seedlings, which grow well and selecting annual seedling fruit mulberry trees which grow healthily and have the diameter of 0.4 to 0.8cm as stock trees; grafting the fruit mulberry seedlings on the stock trees; step 9, spraying a chemical mutagenic agent on the grafted fruit mulberry seedlings every other onemonth, wherein the lasting time is 8 to 12 months; step 10, selecting mutated fruit mulberry plants with good growth vigor, large fruit shapes and high fruit yield and carrying out tissue culture propagation, so as to obtain the new variety.

The invention relates to a method for culturing selenium enriched soybean, purple potato and red ginger by a breeding superpower mutagenesis device, the mutagenesis device is in a box type, and comprises a casing, a casing cover, an ultrasonic transducer, an electric heater, an inlet pipe equipped with a circulating pump, a drain pipe equipped with a strong magnetizer and a communicating pipe used for circulation; the mutagenesis device is characterized in that the box type mutagenesis device also comprises an inner container; the inner container is arranged in the casing through the support legs, the ultrasonic transducer is positioned at the circumference gap central section between the inner container and the casing, and the electric heater is positioned between the bottom of the inner container and the inner bottom of the casing. According to the invention, an ultrasound and strong magnetic combination design technology and addition of a mutagen enable synergism of biology breeding mutagenesis, due to addition of a desired chemical mutagen and biological cell gene, the China rose contains fragrance of rose, ginger contains turmeric red element, peanut is enriched with selenium, the purple potato and Chinese yew enable cutting propagation by mutagenesis, and the breeding mutagenesis enforcement of combination of physical, chemical and bioscience theories provides the biology breeding device and the method for effectively reducing energy consumption and increasing quality for various organisms breeding mutagenesis.

The invention discloses a tobacco solanesol mutant creation method and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, a sthyl methyl sulfonate solution is prepared, and EMS mutagenesis tobacco M1 generation seeds are obtained; 2, the M1 generation seeds are sown, and selfing M2 generation seeds are obtained; 3, the M2 generation seeds are sown, a liquid chromatogram is used for determining the total solanesol content of tobacoo in the middle of an M2 generation single-plant mature period, and solanesol mutant plants are identified and screened. The mutant M3 generation strain obtained through the method is used for determining mutant smoke harmful ingredients, the content of solanesol is analyzed, and the significant positive correlation is analyzed. According to the tobacco solanesol mutant preparation and screening method, the obtained mutation rate is high, the mutant solanesol content changing amount is remarkable, and the important role is brought into play in tobacco breed improvement and functional component utilization.

The invention discloses a composite mutation method for breeding a two-line glabrous sterile line of rice, and belongs to the technical field of rice heterosis utilization. The glabrous character of rice is controlled by a pair of recessive genes, and a glabrous mutant can be obtained through mutagenesis. Chemical mutagens, namely manganese sulfate and diethyl sulfate, are mixed for treating a two-line sterile line (S line) sprout seed, microwaves are adopted for radiation, a rice mutant with glabrous character mutation is obtained, and the two-line glabrous sterile line (glabrous S) with the glabrous character is bred through character selection. The glabrous S can be combined with a glabrous restorer to form two-line glabrous hybrid rice. The rice sprout seed is treated by the composite mutation method, the mutation frequency of the glabrous character is 3 to 4 times higher than that of a method for treating a rice dry seed by singly using radiation or chemical mutagenesis, and the mutation frequency is 0.03 to 0.04 percent. The method for breeding the two-line glabrous sterile line is short in time and high in efficiency, and the whole breeding process only requires 3-4 planting generations, namely 1-2 years.

The invention discloses a method for screening out glycerol saccharomyces cerevisiae with low yield by a flat culture medium, comprising the steps of: adopting saccharomyces cerevisiae a start strain; mutating by a chemical mutagen of ethyl methane sulphonate; coating to a designed flat plate; culturing for two to three days; and vaccinating in wheat juice for culturing by shaking a bottle. The method has the advantages that the flat plate adopts glycerol as a unique carbon source; 2-deoxyglucose is added; the strain capable of growing on the flat plate generates lower glycerol quantity; the probability of the glycerol content lower than the glycerol content of the start strain is larger than a conventional screening method; the screening has a certain orientation; and the workload of screening out the strains is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for improving zinc-enrichment of beer yeast through ultra-high pressure mutant, belonging to the technical field of microbial breeding. Beer yeast original strains are subjected to activation, ultra-high pressure mutant treatment of bacterium suspension cells is performed, and mutant strains are subjected to screening and acclimation by utilizing zinc-containing selective medium, so that zinc-enrichment of the beer yeast is improved. The high zinc-rich beer yeast mutant strains are obtained through ultra-high pressure mutant, and the method is safer, simpler in operation and more obvious in effect compared to ultraviolet and chemical mutagen mutant. The tolerance concentration to zinc of the beer yeast mutant strains reaches 3.2 mmol / L, and the zinc content reaches 2.75 mg / g, and is higher than the zinc content of beer yeast original strains by 6.55 times.

The invention discloses a method for improving stability of recombinant plasmid by chemical-mutagenesis saccharomyces cerevisiae genetically engineered bacterium. The method comprises the following steps: (1), chemical mutagenesis; (2), screening; (3), detecting plasmid stability by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction); (4), induced expression and activity detection. According to the method, a saccharomyces cerevisiae gene engineering strain is mutated by chemical mutagendiethyl sulfate, and a culture medium containing pentafluorouracil is used for screening, so that cells capable of utilizing the uracil in the culture medium are sifted out to obtain a mutant incapable of utilizing the uracil in the culture medium. The mutant only can or almost only can use the plasmid gene to synthesize the uracil, and therefore, the stability of the plasmid is still kept in a non-selective culture medium, cost of the culture medium is greatly lowered, and one of key difficult problems that an antibacterial peptide is produced on a large scale by utilizing saccharomyces cerevisiae genetically engineered bacterium is restricted is overcome.

The invention discloses a method for breeding rapidly growing bifidobacterium species. According to the method, a chemical mutagen such as nitrosoguanidine is adopted to induce common bifidobacterium,then a relatively scale of bifidobacterium mutation group as a novel bifidobacterium inheritance genetic resource center is developed, a mutation strain which can grow rapidly and is regular in morphology and conspicuous in characteristic is screened from an MRS ((Man Rogosa Sharpe) medium, that is, a bifidobacterium strain which can grow rapidly is bred, the fermentation time is shortened, and the fermentation cost is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant mutation breeding, and provides a mutagenesis method for inducing plant variation and an application thereof. The method is characterized in thata chemical mutagen is used to induce genetic variation in plants, wherein the chemical mutagen is ethyl methyl sulfonate with the molecular formula being CH3SO2OC2H5. Characters of soybeans are changed by inducing the genetic variation in the soybeans, and a soybean mutant library is constructed. Furthermore, shade-tolerant mutants are screened from the mutants. Finally, the mutants are applied toa plant shade avoidance reaction, which can reduce the sensitivity of shade response of low and medium stem crops in intercropping, thereby increasing the yield of the low stem crops in the intercropping. The method can produce novel varieties of plants that meets human production needs or have beneficial effects on other organisms and ecological environment, and makes the plants rapidly developin the direction that benefits human beings.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating a new Rosa sp. variation variety by a using chemical mutagenic agent. The method specifically comprises the following steps of: storing Rosa sp. seeds in sand, germinating, sowing in a hole tray, mixing pingyangmycin and a phosphate buffer solution to prepare a pingyangmycin solution, and mixing the pingyangmycin and an MS liquid culture medium to prepare an MS nutrient solution; when young seedlings come out of the soil, cotyledons are flattened and true leaves germinate, putting the young seedlings into the MS nutrient solution for carrying out hydroponic treatment, treating the growing points of the stem tips of the young seedlings by adopting the pingyangmycin solution, treating once in the morning, at noon and at night every day, continuously treating for 2-4 days, washing the growing points of the stem tips of the young seedlings and the roots of the young seedlings with clear water after the treatment is completed, and transferring the young seedlings into the MS liquid culture medium for culture; and after the Rosa sp. is treated for one month, the leaves of the Rosa sp. are gradually varied, and after variation is stable, plants with variation characters are subjected to conventional management in a greenhouse. According to the method, the chemical mutagenic agent is adopted to treat the growing points of the stem tips of plants and the root tips of the plants, operation is easy, a plant mutagenesis rate is high, a mutagenesis effect is good, and the survival rate of the plants is high.

The invention discloses a mutation breeding device capable of effectively improving chemical mutation efficiency. The mutation breeding device comprises a mutation breeding box and a conductivity monitor, a plurality of supporting legs are arranged on the bottom side wall of the mutation breeding box, a conductivity motor probe rod is arranged on the conductivity monitor, a mounting shell is fixedly connected to one outer side wall of the mutation breeding box, an empty groove is formed in the side wall, close to the mounting shell, of the mutation breeding box, and the mutation breeding box communicates with the mounting shell through the empty groove. According to the mutation breeding device capable of effectively improving the chemical mutation efficiency, through the design of the mounting shell, a strong electrolyte solution and a semipermeable membrane, the concentration change of the chemical mutagen solution in the mutation breeding box is indirectly monitored in real time byvirtue of the conductivity monitor, so that seeds can be quickly taken out after the total seed absorption amount reaches an expected suitable amount, therefore, the fatality rate in the mutagenesis process can be stably and effectively reduced, the number of mutants is increased, the mutagenesis probability is increased, and the purpose of improving the chemical mutagenesis efficiency is achieved.

The invention relates to a breeding method for three-line ultra-small-embryo hybrid rice, which belongs to the breeding technical field of special paddy rice. According the characteristics that the properties of ultra-small embryos of paddy rice are controlled by a pair of recessive genes, chemical mutagens such as manganese sulfate and diethyl sulfate (DES) are used for collectively processing sprouted seeds of a restorer line and a maintainer line of rice three lines to acquire ultra-small embryo property mutants, the maintainer-line ultra-small-embryo mutant is hybridized and backcrossed with a corresponding sterile line to breed the three-line ultra-small-embryo sterile line, and then the three-line ultra-small-embryo sterile are matched into the three-line ultra-small-embryo hybrid rice. According to the breeding method, the mutation frequency of the ultra-small-embryo property reaches 0.005 to 0.01 percent, the embryo weight of the bred three-line ultra-small-embryo hybrid rice only accounts for 1 to 1.3 percent of a brown rice grain, the size of the bred three-line ultra-small-embryo hybrid rice is only one third to half of that of an ordinary rice embryo, and the head rice rate can be improved by 1 to 2 percent compared with ordinary rice.

The invention discloses an optimization control method for a natural yeast breeding and fermentation process. The optimization control method comprises the following steps of: S1, taking natural yeast strains, respectively mutagenizing the natural yeast strains by ultraviolet rays and a chemical mutagen, and carrying out coating culture on a culture medium for 24-48 hours; S2, putting the natural yeast strains into a drying oven with the environment temperature of 35 DEG C for 60-120 minutes, and then observing and recording biomass; S3, carrying out spore generation culture, haploid separation and mutagenesis on the natural yeast strains with high biomass, and screening haploid mutant strains with different mating types and different genetic markers; S4, under an aseptic condition, sequentially carrying out intermittent propagation and continuous propagation on the activated natural yeast strains by taking liquefied mash as a raw material; and S5, putting the haploid mutant strains with different mating types and different genetic markers into a triangular flask of molasses for industrial fermentation for fermentation. According to the optimization control method disclosed by the invention, the heat resistance and cold resistance of the natural yeast strains to the environment can be effectively controlled, and the influence on subsequent intermittent propagation and continuous propagation of the natural yeast is avoided.

The invention discloses a Cordyceps sinensis mutagenic strain for producing Cordyceps sinensis mycelium, and relates to the field of food microbe technology application. The mutated strain has been deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) in Wuhan, China on January 23, 2015, under the number CCTCC M 2015064, and the recommended Latin name is Cordyceps sinensis CCTCC M 2015064. In order to avoid the use of toxic and harmful chemical mutagens and genetic engineering methods that have not been recognized by the public in the food field, considering the simplicity and ease of ultraviolet physical mutagenesis technology, the method of ultraviolet mutagenesis is used for mutagenesis, and through a series of Screening methods such as stability and heredity ensure the excellent properties of the new strain of Cordyceps sinensis, and obtain high-quality industrialized high-efficiency fermentation and low-cost new rice bran bran whole material liquid medium added with cysteine ​​hydrochloride and sodium copper chlorophyllin. Better raw material of Cordyceps sinensis mycelium that can be used to make health food lays the foundation of the strain.

The invention relates to development and utilization of Botryococcus, and aims to provide a breeding method of a new high-lipid-content Botryococcus strain. The method comprises the following steps: adding particle Xanthan gum into a Botryococcus solution, putting in an ice water bath, and applying ultrasonic to prepare the Botryococcus colony into unicells; after carrying out chemical mutagen ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenesis and low-melting-point agarose immobilization culture, carrying out NR fluorescence microscopy in-vivo sieving analysis to obtain high-lipid-content Botryococcus candidate mutants; and carrying out amplification culture and lipid content determination to select and breed the new high-lipid-content Botryococcus strain. Compared with the traditional selecting and breeding method, the method provided by the invention is more simple and convenient, has the advantages of higher efficiency and the like, can implement high-flux sieving analysis, and can provide a necessary technique for breeding Botryococcus.