75 results about "Ammonium chlorate" patented technology

The invention provides a room-temperature-cured-type clean solid propellant. The room-temperature-cured-type clean solid propellant is prepared from, by mass, 55%-70% of chlorine-free oxidizing agents, 5%-20% of metal fuels, 5%-15% of plasticizers, 5%-10% of amine-terminated polyether adhesives, 0.5%-1.0% of isocyanate curing agents and 0.01%-3% of function auxiliaries. According to the room-temperature-cured-type clean solid propellant, the detect that in the prior art, due to the fact that an oxidizing agent ammonium perchlorate is used in a compound solid propellant, a large amount of HCl gas is contained in a combustion product, and atomospheric pollution is serious is overcome; the amine-terminated polyether adhesives with the high reaction activity are introduced into a compound solid propellant system, and a cross-linking and curing reaction of terminal amino groups and the isocyanate curing agents is utilized, so that room-temperature curing of the amine-terminated polyether propellant is achieved; no HCl gas exists in the combustion product by adding the chlorine-free oxidizing agents.

The invention discloses a double-effect perforating bullet containing an active material layer, and an active material. The double-effect perforating bullet comprises a common perforating bullet and the active material layer, wherein the common perforating bullet comprises a cartridge shape cover, a cartridge case and a high explosive layer; the active material layer is arranged between the cartridge case and the high explosive layer; the active material is prepared from the following materials: aluminum powder, nickel powder, magnesium powder, potassium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, ferric oxide, copper oxide, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorine rubber, and the like. The double-effect perforating bullet is reasonable in structural design and safe and reliable in manufacturing technology, and has double effects of perforating and removing a perforation compaction band and fracture forming in a pore path.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a fluorine polymer / metal composite energy-containing material. According to the preparation method, ammonium perchlorate is doped in a fluorine polymermetal energy-containing system through solution crystallization method so as to obtain a novel composite energy-containing material. According to the preparation method, ammonium perchlorate decomposition is adopted to generated a gas product for enhancing the system pressure output and combustion reaction performance, at the same time, the gas obtained through ammonium perchlorate decomposition and reaction product carbon from a fluorine polymer metal system are subjected to oxidation reaction, energy and pressure release is accelerated, so that the fluorine polymer metal energy-containing system energy and combustion reaction characteristics are improved obviously. The preparation method is capable of improving the energy and pressure output of the fluorine polymer metal energy-containing system, and combustion reaction rate is converted from slow combustion to detonation and blast. Doping is adopted to form the novel energy-containing system, and it is possible for the novel energy-containing system to be used in fields such as solid propellant, metallized explosive, and gas generators.

The invention relates to a gas generating agent composition, a method for preparing the same and a gas generator with the gas generation agent composition. The gas generating agent composition comprises, by weight, 40%-60% of guanidine nitrate, 25%-40% of alkali copper nitrate, 1%-20% of strontium nitrate, 1%-10% of ammonium perchlorate, 5.5%-10% of strontium titanate and 0.6%-10% of talc powder.The gas generating agent composition, the method and the gas generator have the advantages that the strontium titanate and the talc powder are jointly used as shape keeping agents, synergistic effectscan be realized by the strontium titanate and the talc powder, accordingly, pre-combustion shapes of tablets can be effectively kept after the tablets are combusted, and gas bags can be prevented from being burnt due to melting and splashing of the combusted tablets; the strontium nitrate is used as an auxiliary oxidizing agent, the usage amount of the alkali copper nitrate is reduced, and accordingly molten copper residues can be reduced; the ammonium perchlorate is used as an ignition performance regulator, accordingly, the low-temperature ignition performance of the gas generating agent composition can be obviously improved, the combustion speeds can be increased, and the gas generating agent composition mainly can be used for gas generators for supplementary restraint systems of automobiles.

The invention relates to a method for extracting and gathering total alkaloids of hypecoum leptocarpum. The method comprises the following steps: (1) extraction, crushing a medicinal material hypecoum leptocarpum, then leaching the hypecoum leptocarpum with ethanol with the volume concentration of 10%-69% to obtain an extract solution, and recovering ethanol from the extract solution through vacuum reduced pressure until a liquid extract is formed, so as to obtain a hypecoum leptocarpum extract; (2) gathering of alkaloids, dissolving the hypecoum leptocarpum extract, carrying out treatment with a strong cation exchange material silica SCX column of silica gel matrix, sequentially eluting the hypecoum leptocarpum extract with pure methanol and an ammonium perchlorate-methanol solution, and collecting a salt elution part; and (3) desalting treatment, carrying out desalting on the salt elution part with a polystyrene-based reverse resin column, eluting with water until colorless, eluting with pure methanol, collecting a pure methanol eluent, and recovering methanol from the pure methanol eluent, so as to obtain the total alkaloids of the hypecoum leptocarpum. The method is simple in technology, low in cost and high in efficiency.

A chlorine-containing gas generant composition and a related method for generating an inflation gas for use in an inflatable restraint system are provided. The chlorine-containing gas generant composition includes a nitrogen-containing fuel such as guanidine nitrate, ammonium perchlorate oxidizer, and a chlorine scavenger present in an amount effective to result in a gaseous effluent that is substantially free of hydrogen chloride when the gas generant is combusted, wherein at least about 98 weight percent of the chlorine scavenger is a copper-containing compound such as a copper nitrate complex, basic copper nitrate, cupric oxide or a combination thereof.

The invention discloses an ammonium perchlorate embedded carbon / metallic oxide composite catalyst, and a preparation method thereof. According to the ammonium perchlorate embedded carbon / metallic oxide composite catalyst, three-dimensional ordered macroporous-mesoporous carbon is taken as a carrier material, and at the same time, the ammonium perchlorate embedded carbon / metallic oxide composite catalyst is obtained via loading of nano metallic oxide particles and ammonium perchlorate. The ammonium perchlorate embedded carbon / metallic oxide composite catalyst possesses excellent catalytic effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate, and is capable of reducing high temperature thermal decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate greatly, and increasing apparent heat release greatly.

The invention discloses a chemical energy-increasing high-efficiency discharge aiding agent and a preparation method and a use method thereof and belongs to the field of oil exploitation. The chemicalenergy-increasing high-efficiency discharge aiding agent is prepared from a cationic surface active agent, a fluorocarbon surface active agent and an energy producing chemical agent, wherein a mass ratio of the cationic surface active agent to the fluorocarbon surface active agent to the energy producing chemical agent is (6 to 8) to (1 to 1.6) to 1; the energy producing chemical agent is a mixture of compound A and compound B; the compound A is ammonium bioxalate, ammonium oxalate, ammonium chlorate, hydrogen peroxide or ammonium chloride; the compound B is potassium nitrite. The discharge aiding agent can generate a lot of gas to improve flowback energy of a fracturing and gel breaking solution, promote high-efficiency flowback of the fracturing and gel breaking solution, reduce fracturing solution adhesion damage and is suitable for being applied to a compact oil reservoir oil well fracturing and production increasing technology to promote the flowback of fracturing and gel breaking solution. The preparation method comprises the steps: taking the cationic surface active agent, the fluorocarbon surface active agent and the energy producing chemical agent; mixing; fully and evenly stirring to prepare the chemical energy-increasing high-efficiency discharge aiding agent. The method is simple, and the utilized raw materials are easy to obtain.

The invention relates to a clean type solid fuel which is burnt in low temperature and low pressure. The fuel comprises the components of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, toluene diisocynate, nitro cotton, plasticizer, equalizer and potassic nitrate, and odor regulator and / or flame color regulator can also be added. The fuel has the advantages of strong combustion blaze, good blaze visibility, less burnt residue, clean burning, high burning heat value, smokelessness, innocuity, high wind resistance and high security; the fuel can be continuously and stably burnt particularly under the environmental condition of 0.02 MPa and minus 40 DEG C, and can not be put out in strong wind, heavy rain and heavy snow when being matched with a special burner; the solid fuel with good and reliable performance is provided for delivering a torch at the peaks of summits (including the Everest), and can be limitlessly used on the terrene; the fuel is particularly suitable for the field operation in extremely cold areas, and the portable and reliable solid fuel with high heat value is provided for wild lives, wild mountaineering, expeditions, heating, field training and signal setting off.

The invention discloses a nearly spherical core-shell structure composite energetic material and a preparation method thereof. Recrystallization is carried out by a solvent-non-solvent method, and dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate is sheared by a colloid mill to obtain nearly spherical dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate particles; ammonium perchlorate is dissolved inwater, the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate particles are added into an ethanol / ethyl acetate mixed solvent and stirred, an ammonium perchlorate aqueous solution is dripped into dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate suspension, and the ammonium perchlorate is saturated and separated out to obtain the core-shell structure composite energetic material with the ammoniumperchlorate tightly coating the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate. The composite energetic material prepared by the method provided by the invention has the advantages of high bulk density, low sensitivity and high explosion heat, and can effectively improve the explosion heat of the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate and improve the oxygen balance of the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an ammonium perchlorate thermal decomposition catalytic material and application of the ammonium perchlorate thermal decomposition catalytic material incatalyzing thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dissolving Co(NO3)2.6H2O, Cu(NO3)2.6H2O and urea in polyethylene glycol to form a transparent pink solution, transferring the solution into a stainless steel reaction kettle containing a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, reacting at 160-220 DEG C for 10-24 hours, and preparing the nanoflower-like structure CuCo2O4 catalytic material for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate by a solvothermal method. By optimizing the process route and reducing the cost, the invention provides a simple and practical method for preparing the bimetallic CuCo2O4 nano material, and the bimetallic CuCo2O4 nano material has important scientific value and development prospect in the field.

The invention relates to a gas generating agent composition, a preparation method and a gas generator containing the gas generating agent composition. The gas generating agent composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-60% of guanidine nitrate, 25%-60% of basic copper nitrate, 1%-20% of strontium nitrate, 1%-10% of ammonium perchlorate, 1%-10% of a slag-forming agent,and 0.6%-10% of a release agent / lubricant. The gas generating agent composition uses a slag-forming agent as a form-retaining agent. A tablet can well keep the form after combustion and is preventedfrom melting and splashing to burn an air bag after combustion, strontium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate are adopted as auxiliary oxidants, the use amount of basic cupric nitrate is reduced, moltencopper residues are reduced, and the gas generating agent composition is mainly used for an automobile safety airbag gas generator.

The invention discloses a remote-controlled aircraft for hail mitigation and precipitation and a hail mitigation and precipitation method. The remote-controlled aircraft is adopted to scatter silver iodide in a cloud layer, the safety is better, airspace control is relatively loose, and the adaptability is strong. The silver iodide is dissolved in an acetone-alcohol solution, the use of ammonium chlorate is avoided, pollution is decreased, and the remote-controlled aircraft has better environmental protection property. In addition, explosive materials are avoided, the aircraft is safer, and inventory management, transportation management and operation management are loose to control. Wings are foldable and are convenient to store, transport and operate, and the cost is reduced. The acetone-alcohol solution containing the silver iodide is burned at the tail portion of a jet engine, corrosion of the jet engine is avoided, and the service life is prolonged.

The invention discloses an ammonium perchlorate wastewater processing method, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining an intermediate product hydrogen and volatile fatty acid through akitchen waste anaerobic digestion hydrogen and acid production stage; providing an electron donor and a carbon source for the process of reducing ammonium perchlorate by perchlorate reducing bacteriaby utilizing the intermediate product hydrogen and volatile fatty acid; reducing ammonium perchlor`ate into chloride ions by adopting a three-stage degradation combined process of hydrogen autotrophic reduction, organic acid heterotrophic reduction and iron / sulfur autotrophic reduction to reduce the concentration of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater and complete the processing of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater . According to the method, the removal effect of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, generated biogas is used as clean energy for life andproduction, and the economic rationality and the process operability are remarkably improved.

The flame tube is composed of burning stick, base and outer cover tube. One end of the burning stick is fixed on flat end of the base, and the outer cover tube put outside the burning stick is fitted to the base. Flammable kindling is installed on other end of the burning stick. Friction surface making the flammable kindling on fire is put the position on the outer cover tube for easy to use. Formula of powder is composed of granular ammonium chlorate, potassium chlorate, strontium nitrate and strontium carbonate. Advantages of the invention are that good performances: burning time more than 5 minutes, light intensity 160 candela up, period of validity 4 years; easy of use, high safety and high caution effect; applicable to other special uses besides traffic safety.

The invention discloses a device and a method for degrading ammonium perchlorate wastewater by using a hydrothermal-biological combined process. The device comprises: a Fe(0) hydrothermal primary degradation unit, which is used for mixing Fe(0) and ammonium perchlorate wastewater, adjusting the pH value of a reaction system to an acidic condition, and performing primary reductive degradation of ammonium perchlorate; a hydrothermal solution cooling unit, which is used for cooling the ammonium perchlorate hydrothermal solution having been subjected to primary degradation; and a biological-process secondary degradation unit, which is used for carrying out secondary degradation on the cooled ammonium perchlorate hydrothermal solution by adopting a biological process, and discharging the ammonium perchlorate hydrothermal solution after the ammonium perchlorate hydrothermal solution reaches the standard, wherein a supernatant in the hydrolysis and fermentation stage of kitchen waste and landfill leachate is used as the source of an electron donor, a carbon source and trace elements, and inoculated sludge comes from the domestication stage of ammonium perchlorate reducing bacteria. According to the method, the removal effect of the high-concentration ammonium perchlorate wastewater can be remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the economic rationality and the process operability of the process of removing the ammonium perchlorate wastewater by the biological process are remarkably improved.

Provided is a method of producing a quatenary alkyl ammonium hypochlorite solution with an excellent storage stability. Specifically, provided is a method of producing a quaternary alkyl ammonium hypochlorite solution, the method including: a preparation step in which a quaternary alkyl ammonium hydroxide solution is prepared and the concentration of amines in the quaternary alkyl ammonium hydroxide solution is set to 20 ppm by mass or less; and a reaction step in which the quaternary alkyl ammonium hydroxide solution is brought into contact with chlorine gas, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide of a gas phase in the reaction step is 100 ppm by volume or less and the pH of a liquid phase in the reaction step is 10.5 or more.

The invention discloses an ammonium perchlorate wastewater treatment method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing corncobs as a raw material to generate furfural, and recovering sodium acetate in the furfural wastewater neutralization process; using sodium acetate for providing an electron donor and a carbon source for the process of reducing ammonium perchlorate byperchlorate reducing bacteria; and using waste iron powder as a source of an electron donor, and conducting secondary reduction of ammonium perchlorate. Ammonium perchlorate is reduced into chlorideions by adopting an autotrophic reduction and heterotrophic reduction two-stage degradation combined process, so that the concentration of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is reduced, and the treatment of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is completed. According to the method, the treatment cost of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater can be remarkably reduced, the removal effect of the ammonium perchlorate wastewater is improved, and meanwhile resource recycling of the furfural wastewater is achieved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a gas generating agent composition, a gas generating agent, a preparation method and application, and relates to the technical field of automobile safety air bags. The gas generating agent composition comprises guanidine nitrate serving as a fuel, basic copper nitrate serving as a main oxidizing agent, an auxiliary oxidizing agent and a slag forming agent; wherein the auxiliary oxidant is ammonium perchlorate. The slag forming agent is at least one zirconate, and the content of each component is as follows in percentage by mass: 40-60% of guanidine nitrate, 25%-50% of basic copper nitrate, 0.5%-7% of ammonium perchlorate, and 1%-10% of a slag forming agent; and the oxygen balance of the gas generating agent composition is 0 to -3%. According to the gas generating agent composition, the gas generating agent, the preparation method and the application, the content of toxic and harmful gas generated during combustion of the gas generating agent and the content of suspended solids in the air meet the limit requirements of USCAR on the content of the toxic and harmful gas and the content of the suspended solids in the air by adjusting the formula components and the proportion of the gas generating agent.

The invention relates to modified hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as well as a preparation method and application thereof; the modified hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene has the following structure:HTPB is used as a starting material for chemical modification of the modified hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene to prepare modified HTPB containing hydroxyl, tertiary amine group and borate group orcyano group at the same time; then the modified product partially replaces HTPB and is added into the formula of the hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellant, wherein the borate group or cyano group in the molecular structure has the function of interfacial bonding of the nitramine filler, the tertiary amine group has the function of interfacial bonding of the ammonium perchlorate and also hasa function of inhibiting decomposition of the ammonium perchlorate, and the hydroxyl group has the function of in cross-linking enhancement in the curing stage. Besides, the modified HTPB integratingthe functions of crosslinking enhancement, interface bonding, combustion speed adjustment and the like has excellent compatibility with a traditional HTPB adhesive, and after the modified HTPB and the traditional HTPB adhesive are mixed, the overall polarity of a propellant adhesive matrix can be improved, and the thermodynamic compatibility with other functional auxiliaries is enhanced.

The invention relates to a safe nail shooting tablet and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The nail shooting tablet is prepared from, by weight, 15-35 parts of damp-proof ammonium perchlorate, 5-15 parts of a rapid catalyst, 25-45 parts of superfine reaction powder, 10-25 parts of an ultrahigh-standard energy multiplier and 10-45 parts of superfine double-base powder. All the raw materials are mixed to prepare a batch, then the batch and an adhesive are mixed, kneaded and subjected to compression molding, and finally the surface is coated with composite coating glue. Irregular ammonium perchlorate sold in the market is recrystallized in a tetrahydrofuran-acetone solvent, a crystal form is modified, then the ammonium perchlorate is coated with a composite coating adhesive, the composite coating adhesive is prepared from nitrocotton, Arabic gum and a volatile solvent, after coating, the solvent is volatilized, a coating layer containing the nitrocotton is formed on the surface layer, Arabic gum forms a film to play a role in separation, ammonium perchlorate and internal batch are prevented from absorbing moisture and caking, a certain amount of nitrocotton has an ignition effect, and normal ignition of the nail shooting tablet is guaranteed.

The invention relates to a method for extracting and recovering ammonium perchlorate from a solid propellant by adopting a swelling method. The method comprises the following steps: by taking an ethylacetate aqueous solution as a swelling solvent, forming a mixture with an HTPB solid propellant through a swelling reaction; and filtering the mixture, and heating the filtrate until the filtrate isdried to obtain the ammonium perchlorate crystal. According to the invention, the raw materials are wide in source, low in price, low in volatility, small in harm to human bodies and good in compatibility with HTPB propellants, and the extraction rate of ammonium perchlorate reaches 93%-98%.

The invention discloses a continuous crystallization device and method for spheroidization of large-particle ammonium perchlorate, and belongs to the technical field of preparation processes of propellants of rockets, missiles and the like. Ammonium perchlorate is a common oxidizing agent. The continuous crystallization device comprises a crystallizer, a material circulating pump, a refined solution raw material tank, a crystallization heat exchanger, a mother liquor overflow tank, a filter, a vacuum pump and a control device. A hot ammonium perchlorate solution is subjected to continuous feeding and continuous discharging, and a product with uniform particle and qualified quality is produced. Continuous crystallization and continuous centrifugal separation processes of ammonium perchlorate are established, manual operation is reduced, and production efficiency of the product is improved; the device and the method are particularly applicable to continuous crystallization preparation ofammonium perchlorate.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a loaded ammonium perchlorate / graphene oxide three-dimensional energetic material, which includes the following steps: in the first step, graphene oxide is prepared, and through high-intensity ultrasonic treatment, uniformly dispersed oxide is prepared. Graphene aqueous solution; in the second step, dissolve ammonium perchlorate crystals in the graphene oxide aqueous solution, and place the mixture in a low-temperature environment to completely freeze it; in the third step, remove the water from the mixture using freeze-drying , retaining the three-dimensional structure of ammonium perchlorate / graphene oxide; the preparation method of the loaded ammonium perchlorate / graphene oxide three-dimensional energetic material of the present invention has low cost, high safety, uniform distribution of each component of the material, and no Residual impurities or reactants will be produced, and the yield is high; and the three-dimensional structure formed is well maintained, which improves the heat transfer during the thermal decomposition process, ensures the efficient and continuous occurrence of the catalytic reaction, and can significantly increase the propellant burning rate.

The invention relates to the technical field of ammonium perchlorate, in particular to a production process for 400-micron ammonium perchlorate, wherein the refined ammonium perchlorate solution is input into a thermal insulation tank, and the ammonium perchlorate solution in the thermal insulation tank is input in the crystallizer, and control the input rate according to the crystallization process, so that the ammonium perchlorate solution in the crystallizer maintains a stable supersaturation, and the concentration of the crystal slurry is 37%-42%. Circulate through the external cooler and return to the crystallizer. The circulation volume is 170m3 / h-200m3 / h, and the temperature of the solution is kept at 26°C-28°C, so that the generated crystal nuclei grow in the circulation pipeline and control the fineness of the belt. The range of the crystal is 0.2%-2.0%. After the crystal grain size in the crystallizer is qualified, the discharge pump is used to discharge the material several times intermittently. The present invention directly controls the production of ammonium perchlorate with a particle size of 400 microns, which is once in the crystallizer. Forming, the product yield is over 99.5%.

The invention discloses a method for treating ammonium perchlorate waste water, which comprises the following steps: obtaining intermediate product hydrogen and volatile fatty acid through anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste to produce hydrogen and acid; using the intermediate product hydrogen and volatile fatty acid as The reduction of ammonium perchlorate by perchlorate-reducing bacteria provides electron donors and carbon sources; a three-stage degradation joint process of hydrogen autotrophic reduction, organic acid heterotrophic reduction and iron / sulfur autotrophic reduction is used to reduce ammonium perchlorate For chloride ions, reduce the concentration of ammonium perchlorate wastewater, and complete the treatment of ammonium perchlorate wastewater. The invention can remarkably improve the removal effect of ammonium perchlorate wastewater, and at the same time generate methane as clean energy for life and production, thereby significantly improving economical rationality and process operability.

The invention provides a solid propellant with nitrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as a binder, which also includes network regulator, curing agent TDI, ammonium perchlorate AP, aluminum powder Al, plasticizer and anti-aging agent , wherein the number-average molecular weight of nitrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene is 3600-5100, the hydroxyl value is 0.42mmol / g-0.55mmol / g, the mass fraction of nitrate ester groups is 5%-9%, and the network regulator has a specified structure Polyester-butylene hydroxyl block polymer, the solid propellant mechanical properties of the present invention are significantly improved, wherein the application of nitrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene improves the compatibility of the binder and the energetic plasticizer, It can improve the oxygen coefficient and energy performance of the propellant.

The invention provides a preparation method of ammonium perchlorate standard samples with different water contents, and belongs to the technical field of standard sample preparation. According to the method, the relationship between the porosity and the moisture content of the ammonium perchlorate powder is fully considered, the ammonium perchlorate standard sample is prepared by adopting different modes according to different moisture contents, and the moisture with different contents can be uniformly distributed in pores of the ammonium perchlorate powder. Meanwhile, the influence of standing time on moisture diffusion is fully considered, uniform diffusion of moisture among pores of the ammonium perchlorate powder can be ensured by limiting the standing time in the preparation process of the ammonium perchlorate standard samples with different moisture contents, and the moisture distribution in the obtained ammonium perchlorate standard samples is uniform.