Nearly spherical core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nearly spherical core-shell structure composite energetic material and a preparation method thereof. Recrystallization is carried out by a solvent-non-solvent method, and dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate is sheared by a colloid mill to obtain nearly spherical dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate particles; ammonium perchlorate is dissolved inwater, the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate particles are added into an ethanol / ethyl acetate mixed solvent and stirred, an ammonium perchlorate aqueous solution is dripped into dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate suspension, and the ammonium perchlorate is saturated and separated out to obtain the core-shell structure composite energetic material with the ammoniumperchlorate tightly coating the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate. The composite energetic material prepared by the method provided by the invention has the advantages of high bulk density, low sensitivity and high explosion heat, and can effectively improve the explosion heat of the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate and improve the oxygen balance of the dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite energetic material with a nearly spherical core-shell structure and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of explosive synthesis. Background technique [0002] With the transformation of the war mode and the development of new weapons and equipment, the weapon system requires explosives not only to have high energy density, but also to meet safety and environmental friendliness. Insensitive energetic materials have gradually become a research hotspot for researchers. Nitrogen-rich compounds, as energetic materials that have attracted widespread attention in recent years, not only have high energy density, low sensitivity, good safety and strong environmental friendliness, they are a new type of energetic material integrating high energy, safety and green Material. Tetrazoles, especially bitetrazoles, are rich in N-N single bonds, N=N double bonds, high nitrogen content, good chemical stability, and r...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

But there are the following problems: (1) The bulk density of the composite material is low, and the combination is loose. When it is applied in the cast PBX explosive, the process treatment will make 1,1'-dihydroxy-5,5'-tetrazole dihydroxylamine salt and high Ammonium chlorate is separated, and the effect of compounding cannot be achieved; (2) the sensitivity is high, and the sensitivity of ammonium perchlorate in the physically mixed composite material is high, and the physical mixing does not optimize the crystal form of the material, and the material has high impact and friction sensitivity; (3) The detonation heat is low. Although the use of ammonium perchlorate adjusts the oxygen balance of 1,1'-dihydroxy-5,5'-bistetrazolium dihydroxylamine salt, the detonation heat has been improved, but physical mixing The diffusion distance between the components of the composite material is large, and the detonation performance of the composite material does not form a coupling effect, and the energy level of the composite material is limited.

The disadvantages of physically mixed 1,1’-dihydroxy-5,5’-bitetrazolium dihydroxylamine salt composite materials have low detonation heat, high sensitivity, and low bulk density will largely limit their applications.

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