The invention discloses a method for cladding a steel rail with an
alloy without
cooling rate control. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps that a, a steel rail cladding
machine is put on the steel rail, a
plasma welding gun moves at a
constant speed, and the upper portion of the to-be-cladded portion is cladded with the
alloy; b, a formed
alloy strip is located on the inner side of the center of the
tread face of the rail head of the steel rail, the width of the alloy strip ranges from 4 mm to 40 mm, and the thickness of a
heat affected zone of the steel rail is controlled to range from 0.3 mm to 30 mm; c, a
flame head is arranged above the alloy strip, liquefied gas and
oxygen are directly mixed on the
flame head, after the alloy strip obtained after cladding issubjected to standing for 2 s to 180 s, the
flame head is started to move in the X-axis direction at a
constant speed to carry out heating, and the fact that the structure of the
heat affected zone ofthe heated steel rail is tempered sorbite or tempered sorbite and tempered troostite or tempered troostite is taken as the standard. By means of the method, the cladding applicability and cladding efficiency can be improved, and it can be guaranteed that the mechanical performance of the structure of the
heat affected zone meets steel rail use after field steel rail cladding.