The invention discloses a system and a method for lignite and ultralow volatile carbon-based fuel low-NOx blending combustion. The system comprises a lignite drying system consisting of a crusher, a drying box, a small-particle-size drying lignite bin, a large-particle-size drying lignite bin, a steam pump, a tail gas purifying unit, a hot smoke pipe, a steam pipe and the like, and a ultralow volatile carbon-based fuel and drying lignite blending combustion system consisting of a fan coal mill, an ultralow volatile carbon-based fuel powder bin, fuel nozzles, a combustor secondary wind nozzle, an over fire air nozzle, a superheater, a tail flue, a coal economizer, an air preheater, a dust remover, a desulfurization device, an over fire air pipe and the like. A lignite drying technology is organically combined with the ultralow volatile carbon-based fuel and drying lignite blending combustion system, so that lignite is safely and effectively used, the problem of difficult ignition and burnout of ultralow volatile carbon-based fuels is solved, and NOx emission is reduced. The system is economical, environmentally friendly, simple, reliable, wide in application range and broad in application prospect.