The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining equipment, and provides a coal mine tunnel tunneling device based on big data. The coal mine tunnel tunneling device comprises a base, a driving structure is arranged in the base, and a buffer structure, a lifting structure and a tunneling structure are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the base. The tunneling structure comprises a supporting table, the supporting table is rotationally connected with a main rotating shaft, one end of the main rotating shaft is connected with a first rotating driving piece, the other end of the main rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating seat, a plurality of branch rotating shafts are rotationally connected with the rotating seat, and spiral blades are arranged at the ends, away from the rotating seat, of the branch rotating shafts; and rotating wheels fixedly sleeve the ends, close to the rotating seat, of the branch rotating shafts, transmission parts are wound on the rotating wheels, and one branch rotating shaft is connected with a second rotation driving part. Therefore, tunneling operation at different heights can be carried out in a mine hole, and the tunneling effect is good; and meanwhile, the safety and stability of the tunneling device are high, and the service life of the tunneling device is prolonged.