The invention discloses a two-component acrylate structure adhesive with high strength and excellent stability and a preparation method of the two-component acrylate structure adhesive. The two-component acrylate structure adhesive is composed of a component A and a component B, and the volume ratio of the component A to the component B is 10:1. The component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-70% of an acrylate monomer, 10-40% of a flexibilizer, 0.1-5% of a stabilizer, 0.1-5% of an accelerant and 0.1-5% of a reducing agent; and the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-40% of an epoxy resin, 0.1-10% of a graphene derivative, 10-50% of a plasticizer, 5-40% of an oxidizing agent, 0.1-2% of a polymerization inhibitor and 0.1-2% of a compound coupling agent. The acrylate structure adhesive disclosed by the invention has the advantages of capacity of being rapidly and completely cured at a normal temperature, excellent manufacturability, excellent stability, high strength and the like, and is applicable to the fields of machinery, sport equipment, automobiles, electronics and electrical appliances, military industry, solar photovoltaic, space flight and aviation and the like.