The invention discloses a broadband near-infrared luminescent material, a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical formula of the broadband near-infrared luminescent material is: Gd 3‑x Re x sc 2‑y‑z Cr y Al z Ga 3 o 12 , wherein, Re is one of Bi, La, Tb, Y and Lu or any combination thereof, and 0≤x≤0.3, 0.01≤y≤0.2, 0.2≤z<2; the near-infrared luminescent material of the present invention can be in Under the excitation of visible light with a wavelength of 400-700nm, it emits a broadband near-infrared light of 700-1000nm. The near-infrared luminescent material of the present invention has high luminous efficiency, low fluorescence heat quenching, and its preparation method is simple. The luminescent device containing the luminescent material can be widely used in plant lighting, face recognition, security monitoring, food detection, biological medical and other fields.