627 results about "Intensity ratio" patented technology

A wavelength dispersion probing system for determining a value of wavelength dispersion and its sign and reducing the trouble and time required for this determination. This wavelength dispersion probing system comprises light sources 10, 12, light attenuators 14, 16, optical multiplexer 18, phase modulator 20, optical amplifiers 22, 26, acoustooptical modulator 24, optical receiver 30. The intensity ratio of two wavelengths is set at 1 to 2 to detect Stokes light or anti-Stokes light included in the return light of an optical fiber 100 by the optical receiver 30, so that wavelength dispersion is probed. The wavelength dispersion is probed by changing the intensity ratio of the two wavelengths to observe the state of the change of the wavelength dispersion, so that the sign of wavelength dispersion is determined by the optical receiver 30.

The lubricating oil composition of the invention comprises a lubricating oil base (A) and a copolymer (B) of ethylene and an alpha-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms. The copolymer (B) of ethylene and an alpha-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms is contained in the composition in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight and has the following properties:(1) the ethylene content (E) is in the range of 40 to 77% by weight,(2) the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) in terms of polystyrene, as measured by GPC, is in the range of 80,000 to 400,000,(3) Mw / Mn is not more than 2.4,(4) the melting point (Tm), as measured by DSC, is not higher than 60° C.,(5) the ethylene content (E, % by weight) and the melting point (Tm, ° C.), as measured by DSC, satisfy the following relation (I):and(6) the intensity ratio, Salphabeta / Salphaalpha, measured by 13C-NMR spectrum is not more than 0.5.

A magnetic tape device includes a TMR head as a servo head; and a magnetic tape which includes a magnetic layer including ferromagnetic hexagonal ferrite powder and a binding agent, and including a servo pattern. The XRD intensity ratio (Int(110) / Int(114)) of the hexagonal ferrite crystal structure obtained by an X-ray diffraction analysis of the magnetic layer using an In-Plane method is 0.5 to 4.0. The vertical direction squareness ratio of the magnetic tape is 0.65 to 1.00. The center line average surface roughness Ra measured regarding the surface of the magnetic layer is less than or equal to 2.0 nm, and the logarithmic decrement acquired by a pendulum viscoelasticity test performed regarding the surface of the magnetic layer is less than or equal to 0.050.

The magnetic tape device includes a magnetic tape including a magnetic layer; and a TMR head (reproducing head), in which an intensity ratio of a peak intensity of a diffraction peak of a (110) plane with respect to a peak intensity of a diffraction peak of a (114) plane of a hexagonal ferrite crystal structure obtained by an X-ray diffraction analysis of the magnetic layer by using an In-Plane method is 0.5 to 4.0, a vertical direction squareness ratio of the magnetic tape is 0.65 to 1.00, Ra measured regarding a surface of the magnetic layer is equal to or smaller than 2.0 nm, and a C—H derived C concentration calculated from a C—H peak area ratio of C1s spectra obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis performed on the surface of the magnetic layer at a photoelectron take-off angle of 10 degrees is 45 to 65 atom %.

An EUV radiation source that employs a low energy laser pre-pulse and a high energy laser main pulse. The pre-pulse generates a weak plasma in the target area that improves laser absorption of the main laser pulse to improve EUV radiation emissions. High energy ion flux is reduced by collisions in the localized target vapor cloud generated by the pre-pulse. Also, the low energy pre-pulse arrives at the target area 20–200 ns before the main pulse for maximum output intensity. The timing between the pre-pulse and the main pulse can be reduced below 160 ns to provide a lower intensity of the EUV radiation. In one embodiment, the pre-pulse is split from the main pulse by a suitable beam splitter having the proper beam intensity ratio, and the main pulse is delayed to arrive at the target area after the pre-pulse.

A method and system for full-field fringe-projection for 3-D surface-geometry measurement, referred to as “triangular-pattern phase-shifting” is disclosed. A triangular grey-scale-level-coded fringe pattern is computer generated, projected along a first direction onto an object or scene surface and distorted according to the surface geometry. The 3-D coordinates of points on the surface are calculated by triangulation from distorted triangular fringe-pattern images acquired by a CCD camera along a second direction and a triangular-shape intensity-ratio distribution is obtained from calculation of the captured distorted triangular fringe-pattern images. Removal of the triangular shape of the intensity ratio over each pattern pitch generates a wrapped intensity-ratio distribution obtained by removing the discontinuity of the wrapped image with a modified unwrapping method. Intensity ratio-to-height conversion is used to reconstruct the 3-D surface coordinates of the object. Intensity-ratio error compensation involves estimating intensity-ratio error in a simulation of the measurement process with both real and ideal captured triangular-pattern images obtained from real and ideal gamma non-linearity functions. A look-up table relating the measure intensity-ratio to the corresponding intensity-ratio error is constructed and used for intensity-ratio error compensation. The inventive system is based on two-step phase-shifting but can be extended for multiple-step phase-shifting.