218 results about "Solid hydrogen" patented technology

A waterless power generator, particularly a waterless electrical power generator and a passively controlled process for producing electricity with a fuel cell using stoichiometric amounts of a solid hydrogen fuel and byproduct water vapor produced by the fuel cell to generate hydrogen gas. A fuel cell reaction of hydrogen and oxygen produces electrical energy as well as by-product water which diffuses back into the power generator as water vapor to react with the hydrogen fuel, producing more hydrogen gas. This generated hydrogen gas is then used as a fuel which allows the fuel cell to generate additional electrical power and additional water. The process runs without any attached water source or water supply other than the water which is produced by the fuel cells themselves.

A method and a device for measuring a content of hydrogen absorbed by a metal workpiece by permeation in the form of hydrogen atoms are described. The device includes a probe with a mixing chamber accessible to an amount of hydrogen emanating from the workpiece, and communicating with an inlet port of a measurement gas. The device further includes a solid-state hydrogen concentration sensor pneumatically connected with the mixing chamber, a gas transfer means for forming a flow of a measurement gas from the inlet port to the sensor, and a processor means for processing a concentration signal of the sensor and for producing a parameter related to the interaction between the metal workpiece and the absorbed hydrogen.

The invention belongs to a hydrogen storage technology of the hydrogen energy field, and especially relates to a solid-state high-pressure mixing hydrogen storage tank based on solid hydrogen storage and high-pressure hydrogen storage. A main body of the solid-state high-pressure mixing hydrogen storage tank is a metal liner, and a fiber wound reinforced layer is wound and laid on the outer surface of the metal liner; the metal liner is internally provided with a plurality of close-contact metal square pipes which are fixed by a plurality of supporting rings; both ends of each metal square pipe are respectively welded with supporting and positioning stoppers, each supporting and positioning stopper is provided with a through hole and is provided with a filter sheet, and the metal square pipes are internally filled with hydrogen storage materials; both ends of the metal liner are each provided with an end plug, the end plug at one side is provided with a hydrogen valve, and the end plug at the other side is supplied for a plurality of heat exchange pipes to pass through; main bodies of the heat exchange pipes are uniformly distributed in an array formed by the metal square pipes. The metal hydride hydrogen storage device has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication and processing, and the nominal working pressure is not less than 35 MPa, and the hydrogen storage capacity is improved by 50% or more compared with that of a pure high-pressure hydrogen storage tank with the same specification.

The present invention discloses a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / carbonitride composite material preparation method, nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube and solid hydrogen cyanamide powder are mixed and ground, the mixed nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / solid hydrogen cyanamide powder is calcined for reaction, and a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / carbonitride composite material is obtained by washing respectively with ethanol and ultrapure water, centrifuging and drying. The present invention also discloses application of the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / carbonitride composite material in microbial fuel cells. The preparation method of a catalytic electrode from the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / carbonitride composite material is as follows: the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / carbonitride composite material, a conductive material and a binder are mixed nitrogen doping, a solvent is added into the mixture for evenly mixing and ultrasonically dispersing, a conductive substrate is uniformly coated with the ultrasonic mixture, and the conductive substrate is naturally dried to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube / carbonitride composite material catalytic electrode. The method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, short cycle, and environmental friendliness, and the like.

Compositions and methods for reducing or eliminating malodors from indoor air and from surfaces located within indoor environments are described. A method is provided for the reduction or elimination of malodors from air and surfaces within an indoor environment using vapor phase hydrogen peroxide generated from passive evaporation from pH neutral to mildly acidic aqueous-based liquid compositions. Another method is provided for the reduction or elimination of malodors from air and surfaces within an indoor environment using vapor phase hydrogen peroxide sublimed from solid compositions containing at least one pH neutral to mildly acidic solid hydrogen peroxide-containing compound.

The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen production materials, and particularly relates to a portable all-solid hydrogen production material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The all-solid hydrogen production material comprises a solid matter reacting with water to release hydrogen and a water-containing solid matter in a molar ratio of (1-12): (1-3). Water required for hydrolysis is provided by the water-containing solid for the first time; and the two solids are sufficiently mixed at a hydrogen desorption temperature, so that the hydrogen production matters comes into contact with water molecules more uniformly, then the actual water consumption for hydrolysis is greatly reduced and the hydrogen production quantity of a unit mass material is improved. Meanwhile, the hydrogen production material is all-solid, so additional water is not needed; and the temperature in the hydrogen production process can be controlled, so that the hydrogen production material is more convenient to carry and operate, and the hydrogen source of a hydrogen fuel battery is more compact and smaller.

The invention provides a solid hydrogen storage device. A cylinder is internally connected with a heat conductive sheet; a hydrogen inlet valve and a hydrogen outlet valve are respectively connected with the exteriors of the two ends of the cylinder; a filter passes through the central hole of the heat conductive sheet; two ends of the filter are respectively connected with the hydrogen inlet valve and the hydrogen outlet valve; the cylinder is internally provided with a snake-shaped water circulation pipe which is arranged longitudinally along the cylinder and is connected with the heat conductive sheet; the heat conductive sheet is connected with a sheet-shaped crossing. Large holes are uniformly distributed along 2 / 3 of the radius of the heat conductive sheet; small holes are uniformly distributed along 1 / 3 of the radius of the heat conductive sheet; the sheet-shaped crossing is horizontally arranged between the large holes and the small holes of the heat conductive sheet; the snake-shaped water circulation pipeline passes through the heat conductive sheet and deviously passes through the large holes in 120 DEG on the heat conductive sheet with an arc ranging from 30-90 DEG; the water outlet and the water inlet of the snake-shaped water circulation pipe are respectively arranged at the end plates of the two ends of the cylinder.

The invention relates to a method for measuring concentrations of paraffin and asphaltene in oil. The method comprises: extracting three crude oil samples; dissolving two extracted samples in a solvent, and then removing the solvent and light oil; simultaneously, removing the asphaltene from one sample subjected to solvent treatment; measuring free induction falling curves of the three samples by using a nuclear magnetic resonance method; determining the ratio of a solid hydrogen-containing part to a liquid hydrogen-containing part suspended in the oil; through the content of the solid hydrogen-containing part in the sample subjected to asphaltene removal and solvent treatment, judging the concentration of the paraffin; through the content of the solid hydrogen-containing part in another sample subjected to solvent treatment and the consideration of the determined concentration of the paraffin, judging the concentration of the asphaltene; and based on the determined ratio of the paraffin to the asphaltene in the solid hydrogen-containing part, determining the concentrations of the paraffin and the asphaltene in the crude oil.

The invention relates to a leakage preventive hydrogen tank for a hydrogen-powered automobile, belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and aims at solving the problem that a hydrogentank of a hydrogen-powered automobile in the prior art possibly leaks during use and potential risk is caused. The leakage preventive hydrogen tank for the hydrogen-powered automobile comprises an inner layer of the hydrogen tank, an outer layer of the hydrogen tank, a solid hydrogen storing material which is arranged between the inner layer of the hydrogen tank and the outer layer of the hydrogen tank, a hydrogen leakage detecting device and a data receiving and handling system, wherein the hydrogen leakage detecting device is used for detecting whether hydrogen leaks between the inner layerof the hydrogen tank and the outer layer of the hydrogen tank; and the solid hydrogen storing material is used for absorbing the possibly leaked hydrogen. With the adoption of the leakage preventivehydrogen tank for the hydrogen-powered automobile, the technical effects of detecting hydrogen leakage and preventing hydrogen from leaking into air can be achieved; the shortages in the prior art aresolved; and the leakage preventive hydrogen tank for the hydrogen-powered automobile has outstanding substantive characteristics and obvious progress.

The invention relates to a forging method for reducing the forging temperature of a TC4 alloy blade, which is used for solving the technical problem of high forging temperature of a traditional TC4 titanium alloy. The invention has the technical scheme that the forging method comprises the following steps of: carrying out solid hydrogen distributing treatment on the TC4 alloy; machining the obtained solid hydrogen distributing titanium alloy blank after treatment into a solid hydrogen distributing titanium alloy prefabricated blank; blowing sand and polishing; spraying a lubricating agent; mounting a die and preheating; forging the solid hydrogen distributing titanium alloy prefabricated blank to obtain a solid hydrogen distributing titanium alloy blade forging piece; removing flash; blowing sand and polishing; and removing hydrogen. The TC4 titanium alloy is subjected to solid hydrogen distributing treatment, so that the forging temperature of the TC4 titanium alloy is reduced to 720-780DEG C from 800-982DEG C in the prior art.

The invention relates to a solid hydrogen fuel which is a solid compressed block. In the manufacturing process of the solid hydrogen fuel, at least one hydride powder and at least one hydrogen-generating catalyst powder are uniformly mixed, and then the mixed powder is taken out and compressed into blocks; when the solid hydrogen fuel is used, the solid hydrogen fuel is mixed with water to generate hydrogen, wherein the hydride powder and the water are subject to a hydrogen-generating reaction, and the hydrogen-generating catalyst powder is used for catalyzing the hydrogen-generating reaction to generate hydrogen. The solid hydride has higher hydrogen generation, and can release hydrogen effectively and completely.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and particularly relates to a solid hydrogen storage tank. The tank comprises a tank body, hydrogen storage bed body elements, air guide pipes, a filter plate and a valve. The plurality of hydrogen storage bed elements are stacked inside the tank body, and each hydrogen storage bed element comprises a hydrogen storage material layer, a heat conducting layer and a flexible wrapping layer; longitudinal through holes are formed in the hydrogen storage bed body elements, and the air guiding pipes are placed in the through holes; andthe heat conducting layers and the flexible wrapping layers are made of a metal material so as to enhance heat transferring of a hydrogen storage bed and stabilize the bed. The solid hydrogen storagetank is simple in structure and easy to manufacture and machine, the adopted hydrogen storage bed body element structure can improve the heat transfer performance of the hydrogen storage bed and accelerate the hydrogen filling / discharging speed, meanwhile, hydrogen storage material powder is prevented from migrating, so that uniform distribution of the hydrogen storage material powder in the bedis ensured, stress concentration generated on the tank body due to hydrogen absorption expansion of the hydrogen storage material is avoided, and the service life and safety of the solid hydrogen storage tank are prolonged and improved.

The invention discloses a hydrogen power system based on a heat self-balancing solid hydrogen source reactor. The hydrogen power system comprises a hydrogen source, the heat self-balancing solid hydrogen source reactor, a hydrogen fuel cell, an air compression system and a vacuum pump; and an inlet of the heat self-balancing solid hydrogen source reactor is connected with the hydrogen source, an outlet of the heat self-balancing solid hydrogen source reactor is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, and the other path is connected with the vacuum pump. According to the hydrogen power system, a phase-change material can store heat released by hydrogen absorption reaction in a latent heat form and release the heat during hydrogen desorption reaction, thus,heat in the hydrogen absorption process is used for the hydrogen desorption process, heating and cooling devices are omitted, the cost is reduced, the energy utilization rate is increased, and meanwhile, the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction rate can be increased.

Compositions, methods and apparatuses for reducing or eliminating malodors from indoor air are described. A method is provided for the reduction or elimination of malodors from indoor air using vapor phase hydrogen peroxide generated from either evaporation from a pH neutral to mildly acidic aqueous-based liquid composition or sublimation from a solid composition containing at least one pH neutral to mildly acidic solid hydrogen peroxide-containing compound. The vapor phase hydrogen peroxide (VPHP) engages a media coated with at least one transitional metal element or compound in the presence of air that contains malodorous compounds. The combination of the vapor phase hydrogen peroxide and the transitional metal compound, which acts as an oxidation catalyst, provides increased efficacy of malodor molecule oxidation. One execution of said apparatus employs a disposable porous non-woven filter pad, coated with one or more transition metal compounds, and a solid source of VPHP also disposed within said apparatus. Malodor-containing air engages the coated filter pad in the presence of the VPHP and the malodorants are effectively oxidized. Preferably, the apparatus incorporates one or more chemical mechanisms involving prominent color change(s) in the presence of VPHP, thus indicating to the user whether the device is functional or depleted of VPHP.

Techniques for packaging and utilizing solid hydrogen-producing fuel are described herein. The fuel may be in the form of a bonded / compressed powder, granules, or pellets. The fuel is packaged in cartridges having hydrogen-permeable enclosures. In operation, the fuel undergoes a hydrogen-releasing Thermally Initiated Hydrolysis (TIH) reaction. A cartridge may comprise one or more fuel chambers, and several cartridges may be assembled together.

A hydrogen generation system comprising solid hydrogen fuel, a liquid absorbent material, and a phase-change material is provided. When the liquid (usually water, alcohol, or aqueous solution of alcohol, aqueous solution of salt or aqueous solution of acid) in the absorbent material contacts with the solid hydrogen fuel, the solid hydrogen fuel will react with the liquid to release hydrogen and generate heat. The heat as generated will accumulate to increase the reaction temperature, and then boost the hydrogen-releasing rate. The phase-change material is adjacent to the solid hydrogen fuel for absorbing and storing the reaction heat, so as to stabilize the reaction temperature. Therefore, the hydrogen-releasing rate is kept as constant to achieve a steady hydrogen flow.

A detector for fast neutrons has been developed which includes 1) selected open structure of solid hydrogen-containing material which converts impinging neutrons into recoil protons; 2) a surrounding gas which interacts with the protons to release electrons; 3) an electric field able to drift the electrons through and away from the open-structure material; and 4) an electron detector which monitors the drifted electrons thereby sensing the original impinging neutrons. This type of detector is advantageous for many applications, including efficient fast neutron detection; large area imaging of fast neutrons for fast neutron radiography; or fast neutron beam profiling.

A solid hydrogen fuel, in a form of a solid block, includes at lease a hydride powder well-mixed with at lease a solid catalyst. Method of manufacturing the solid hydrogen fuel includes steps of well-mixing the hydride powder and the solid catalyst; and compressing the mixed powders to form a solid block. When use of the solid hydrogen fuel is required, water is mixed into the hydride powder for generating hydrogen gas, wherein the hydride powder is catalyzed by the solid catalyst and reacts with water to generate hydrogen gas. By using the solid hydrogen fuel, large amount of hydrogen gas can be generated completely in an effective time.

The invention provides a solid hydrogen storage conveying device. The device is at least provided with a solid hydrogen storage tank, an end enclosure of one end of the solid hydrogen storage tank is respectively connected with an air inlet pipeline and a cold water pipeline, an end enclosure of the other end is respectively connected with an air outlet pipeline and a hot water pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is connected with a safety valve and a pressure transmitter, the air outlet pipeline is connected with an electromagnetic valve, an air outlet collection pipe is also connected with a master control electromagnetic valve and a master control pressure reducing valve.

The invention discloses an automatic control hydrogen absorption and desorption system for a solid hydrogen storage material. The automatic control hydrogen absorption and desorption system comprisesa hydrogen filling pipe section, a hydrogen desorption pipe section and a stainless steel hydrogen storage tank. The stainless steel hydrogen storage tank comprises a stainless steel tank body and a tank body cover, and a plurality of metal baskets are arranged in the stainless steel tank body. A hydrogen filling hole and a hydrogen desorption hole are formed in the left end and the right end of the tank body cover respectively, and a temperature measuring hole is formed in the middle of the tank body cover. The hydrogen filling hole is connected with a hydrogen compressor through a hydrogen filling pipeline. The hydrogen desorption hole is connected with a hydrogen desorption pipeline. A thermocouple is inserted in the temperature measuring hole, and the lower part of the thermocouple extends into a central pipe. A heat preservation layer is arranged on the outer side of the stainless steel tank body, an electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the heat preservation layer, and theheat preservation layer and the electromagnetic heating coil form an electromagnetic heating sleeve with a heat preservation function. The hydrogen compressor and the thermocouple are respectively connected with a computer control device. The automatic control hydrogen absorption and desorption system can achieve automatic control of temperature and hydrogen pressure, can be suitable for most solid hydrogen storage materials and has a wide application range.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of solid oxygen-bearing bleaching agent, in particular to a solid hydrogen peroxide preparation technology. The preparation technology comprises the step of kneading sodium sulfate, hydrogen peroxide and salt in a kneader at a certain proportion to obtain the finished product. According to the invention, the ordinary 30% hydrogen peroxide can serve as a basic material, the problems that the preparation cost is higher, the mother liquor is not fully utilized and waste liquid is discharged in the prior art are solved, the yield of hydrogen peroxide in the obtained finished product is more than 80 percent, the process period is shorter, the cost is lower, no three-waste emission exists, and the solid hydrogen peroxide preparation technology is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

The invention relates to a hydrogen supplying device which enables water to be in a non-flowing state by utilizing a water-absorbent macromolecule and accelerates water absorption by further blending the water-absorbent macromolecule with a water-absorbent cotton material. The stable hydrogen supplying device can be formed by blending the water-absorbent cotton material with a solid hydrogen fuel, and even if the hydrogen supplying device is overturned or laterally laid, the hydrogen supplying device can not enable a fuel cell to be reduced in property and even unable to generate electricity because liquid water flows into the fuel cell and blocks an MEA (membrane electrode assembly) membrane.

A material handling vehicle incorporating integrated hydrogen storage is disclosed. The vehicle comprises a tank configured to contain hydrogen and a fuel cell coupled to the tank for receiving hydrogen from the tank and converting the hydrogen to an electric current. In various embodiments, a mast for manipulating a load, an overhead guard covering an operator area, and / or a chassis comprise a tank configured to contain hydrogen. The tank may be coupled to, integral with, and / or within the mast, overhead guard, and / or chassis and may contain a solid hydrogen carrier, gaseous hydrogen, and or liquid hydrogen.

A waterless power generator, particularly a waterless electrical power generator and a passively controlled process for producing electricity with a fuel cell using stoichiometric amounts of a solid hydrogen fuel and byproduct water vapor produced by the fuel cell to generate hydrogen gas. A fuel cell reaction of hydrogen and oxygen produces electrical energy as well as by-product water which diffuses back into the power generator as water vapor to react with the hydrogen fuel, producing more hydrogen gas. This generated hydrogen gas is then used as a fuel which allows the fuel cell to generate additional electrical power and additional water. The process runs without any attached water source or water supply other than the water which is produced by the fuel cells themselves.

The invention relates to a sustained release preparation and a preparation method thereof and particularly discloses a solid hydrogen peroxide sustained release preparation and a preparation method thereof. The solid hydrogen peroxide sustained release preparation is characterized by being prepared by taking a solid hydrogen peroxide adduct as a main agent and adding solid weak acid, water absorbing materials and auxiliaries according to a certain proportion, wherein the weight percentages of all the components are as follows: 0.1-99% of the solid hydrogen peroxide adduct, 0.1-98% of the solid weak acid, 0-98% of the water absorbing materials and 0-98% of the auxiliaries. The solid hydrogen peroxide sustained release preparation and the preparation method thereof which are provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: the solid hydrogen peroxide sustained release preparation can be conveniently used for food sterilization and fruit and vegetable preservation and can be stored for a long term and the solid hydrogen peroxide adduct releases hydrogen peroxide when encountering water and is easy to control; the release speed and the sustained-release period of the hydrogen peroxide can be regulated according to needs; the sustained release preparation is simple in production and has small investment and low cost; and the solid hydrogen peroxide sustained release preparation is a solid powdered product and can be conveniently stored and transported.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a high-capacity solid hydrogen storage material ammonia borane by using an amino complex. The ammonia borane is obtained by reacting the amino complex serving as an ammonia source and borohydride serving as a boron source. The borohydride is sodium borohydride (NaBH4), the amino complex is powdery hexammine nickel chloride, and the molar ratio of the NaBH4 to the hexammine nickel chloride is 1: 0.1 to 1. The ammonia borane with high hydrogen capacity is prepared by using the NaBH4 as the boron source and the amino complex as the ammonia source. Compared with the conventional preparation method of the ammonia borane, the method has the advantages that: the range of raw materials of the ammonia borane is widened; the advantages of hydrogen reversible storage of ammine are fully utilized; preparation condition is mild, operation is simple, and the purity of a product is relatively high (99 percent); obtained nickel (Ni) metal is amorphous nano-particles with a diameter of 5 to 30 nm; and the method has a potential application value for catalysis of the ammonia borane and hydrolysis of hydrogen.

A protective coating sustains the long term performance of a solid-state hydrogen sensor that includes a catalyst layer for promoting the electrochemical dissociation of hydrogen. The catalyst is susceptible to deterioration in the presence of at least one contaminant, including carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, water and oxygen. The coating comprises at least one layer of silicon dioxide having a thickness that permits hydrogen to diffuse to the catalyst layer and that inhibits contaminant(s) from diffusing to the catalyst layer. The preferred coating further comprises at least one layer of a hydrophobic composition, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, for inhibiting diffusion of water through the protective coating to the catalyst layer. The preferred protective coating further comprising at least one layer of alumina for inhibiting diffusion of oxygen through the protective coating to said catalyst layer. In manufacturing the protectively-coated sensor, the silicon dioxide layer is preferably annealed.

The invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage material for a hydrogen refueling station, a preparation method of the solid hydrogen storage material and application of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen refueling station with static hydrogen compression. The solid hydrogen storage material for the hydrogen refueling station is a TiCr-based high-entropy intermetallic compound with a stable C14 Laves phase, and the chemical general formula of the solid hydrogen storage material is Ti < 1-x > Zr < x > Cr < 2-x > Mn < x > Fe < x >, wherein x is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than 0.2. The preparation method comprises the steps that a Ti < 1-x > Zr < x > Cr < 2-x > Mn < x > Fe < x > high-entropy intermetallic compound cast ingot is prepared, and hydrogen absorption state powder can be obtained through room-temperature hydrogen absorption activation.