The invention relates to an energy storage device combining with characteristics of a lithium ion battery and a super-capacitor, which comprises a positive pole, a negative electrode, a diaphragm, electrolyte and a shell, wherein the positive pole and the negative electrode are respectively formed in a way that an active substance, a conductive additive and a binder are respectively coated on a current collector, wherein the positive pole active substance is a biomass activated carbon material which can perform ion reversible adsorption, and the negative electrode active substance is a lithium-titanium-oxygen compound which can perform lithium-ion reversible de-intercalation. The energy storage device combining with the characteristics of the lithium ion battery and the super-capacitor is formed as follows: the activated carbon material with the double-electrode-layer energy storage characteristic of the super-capacitor is combined with the lithium-titanium-oxygen compound with a de-intercalation lithium energy storage characteristic of the lithium ion battery, wherein the materials used in the forming process of the energy storage device are mature materials which are widely applied to energy storage devices, and the materials are environment-friendly, rich in resource, and relatively low in cost.