The invention discloses a multiple PCR detection primer group and kit for rapidly differentiating the PCV1 type from the PCV3 type. The primer group includes primers L1, L2 and L3, wherein L1 represents 5'-ACCAGCGCACTTCGGCAGCGGCAGCA-3', L2 represents 5'-GCATTGTTCACCAGTACCCA-3', and L3 represents 5'-AAGTCCCCTTCCTGCGTCCGCTAATCT-3'. The special kit has very high sensitivity, and minimum detection quantities for the PCV1 type and the PCV3 type are 1*10<-7> ng / mL and 2*10<-7> ng / mL respectively; the specificity is high, and the amplification results of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromevirus, classical swine fever virus, porcine pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine rotavirus are negative; the repeatability is good, the same sample is detected for 3 times at an interval of one month, and the same result is obtained; moreover, the coincidence rate can reach 95% or above compared with methods of virus isolation, IFA and the like, and the primer group and the kit can be widely used in clinical typing detection of the PCV1 type and the PCV3 type.