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This invention relates to intelligent video surveillance fuzzy logic neural networks, camera systems with local and network-shared communications for facial, physical condition and intoxication recognition. The device we reveal helps reduce underage drinking by detecting and refusing entrance or service to subjects under legal drinking age. The device we reveal can estimate attention of viewers of advertising, entertainment, displays and the like. The invention also relates to method, and Vision, Image and related-data, database-systems to reduce the volume of surveillance data through automatically recognizing and recording only occurrences of exceptions and elimination of non-events thereby achieving a reduction factor of up to 60,000. This invention permits members of the LastCall™ Network to share their databases of the facial recognition and identification of subjects recorded in the exception occurrences with participating members' databases: locally, citywide, nationally and internationally, depending upon level of sharing permission.

A surgical template system for use in working on a bone comprises: a tool guide block comprising at least one guide aperture for receiving and guiding a tool to work on a bone; locating means comprising a plurality of locating members, each member having a respective end surface for positioning against a surface of the bone; and attachment means for non-adjustably attaching the tool guide block to the locating means such that, when attached, the member end surfaces are secured in fixed position with, respect to each other, for engaging different respective portions of the surface of the bone, and the at least one guide aperture is secured in a fixed position with respect to the end surfaces. Corresponding methods of manufacturing a surgical template system, methods of manufacturing locating means for a surgical template system, methods of fitting a prosthesis to a bone, surgical methods, and surgical apparatus are described.

A digital watermarking process whereby an invisible watermark inserted into a host image is utilized to determine whether or not the image has been altered and, if so, where in the image such alteration occurred. The watermarking method includes the steps of providing a look-up table containing a plurality of coefficients and corresponding values; transforming the image into a plurality of blocks, wherein each block contains coefficients matching coefficients in the look-up table; and embedding the watermark in the image by performing the following substeps for at least some of the blocks: First, a coefficient is selected for insertion of a marking value representative of a corresponding portion of the watermark. Next, the value of the selected coefficient to used to identify a corresponding value in the look-up table. Finally, the identified coefficient is left unchanged if the corresponding value is the same as the marking value, and is changed if the corresponding value is different from the marking value. After the insertion of the watermark, the image may be stored in a lossy-compression form, thus permitting efficient storage and distribution. Moreover, the method may be used to produce two output signals for authentication: (1) a meaningful pattern to facilitate a quick visual check, and (2) an additional signal to detect unauthorized alteration. The method can be applied to an image compressed using JPEG or other techniques, such as Wavelet compression, and the marked image can be kept in the compressed format. Any alteration made on the marked image can be localized, making the method suitable for use in a "trustworthy" digital camera or camcorder.

An electrochemical detection system which specifically detects selected nucleic acid segments is described. The system utilizes biological probes such as nucleic acid or peptide nucleic acid probes which are complementary to and specifically hybridize with selected nucleic acid segments in order to generate a measurable current when an amperometric potential is applied. The electrochemical signal can be quantified.

A micromechanical field asymmetric ion mobility filter for a detection system includes a pair of spaced substrates defining between them a flow path between a sample inlet and an outlet; an ion filter disposed in the path and including a pair of spaced filter electrodes, one electrode associated with each substrate; and an electrical controller for applying a bias voltage and an asymmetric periodic voltage across the ion filter electrodes for controlling the paths of ions through the filter.

A face imaging system for recordal and/or automated identity confirmation, including a camera unit and a camera unit controller. The camera unit includes a video camera, a rotatable mirror system for directing images of the security area into the video camera, and a ranging unit for detecting the presence of a target and for providing target range data, comprising distance, angle and width information, to the camera unit controller. The camera unit controller includes software for detecting face images of the target, tracking of detected face images, and capture of high quality face images. A communication system is provided for sending the captured face images to an external controller for face verification, face recognition and database searching. Face detection and face tracking is performed using the combination of video images and range data and the captured face images are recorded and/or made available for face recognition and searching.

Utility failures are automatically detected and potential causes for these failures are automatically located and identified without having to physically search a utility provider's network. Detection systems capable of monitoring utility status are located at each, or a subset, of the customer premises serviced by a utility provider. A monitoring system, capable of correlating the geographical location of the detection systems with the geographical location of the equipment that comprises the utility provider's network, is located at a utility provider and interconnects with the detection systems through a communications network. The monitoring system queries the detection systems to determine utility status and to subsequently locate an outage and deduce a possible cause for the outage. Detection systems can also be configured to automatically contact the monitoring system to report utility status. The monitoring system is also capable of sending customer based information messages to the detection systems.

The present invention provides multifunctional magnetic nanoparticle probe compositions for molecular imaging and monitoring, comprising a nucleic acid or polypeptide probe, a delivery ligand, and a magnetic nanoparticle having a biocompatible coating thereon. The probe compositions may further comprise a fluorescent or luminescent resonance energy transfer moiety. Also provided are compositions comprising two or more such multifunctional magnetic nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging or monitoring. In particular, the nucleic acid or polypeptide probes bind to a target and generate an interaction observable with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or optical imaging. The invention thereby provides detectable signals for rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of nucleic acids, polypeptides, and interactions thereof in vivo.

An architecture is provided for a widely distributed security system (SDI-SCAM) that protects computers at individual client locations, but which constantly pools and analyzes information gathered from machines across a network in order to quickly detect patterns consistent with intrusion or attack, singular or coordinated. When a novel method of attack has been detected, the system distributes warnings and potential countermeasures to each individual machine on the network. Such a warning may potentially include a probability distribution of the likelihood of an intrusion or attack as well as the relative probabilistic likelihood that such potential intrusion possesses certain characteristics or typologies or even strategic objectives in order to best recommend and/or distribute to each machine the most befitting countermeasure(s) given all presently known particular data and associated predicted probabilistic information regarding the prospective intrusion or attack. If any systems are adversely affected, methods for repairing the damage are shared and redistributed throughout the network.

Locating an eye includes generating an intensity response map by applying a 3-rectangle filter and applying K-mean clustering to the map to determine the eye. Locating an eye corner includes applying logarithm transform and grayscale stretching to generate a grayscale eye patch, generating a binary map of the patch by using a threshold based on a histogram of the patch, and estimating the eye corner by averaging coordinates weighted by minimal eigenvalues of spatial gradient matrices in a search region based on the binary map. Locating a mouth corner includes generating another intensity response map and generating another binary map using another threshold based on another histogram of the intensity response map. Locating a chin or a cheek includes applying angle constrained gradient analysis to reject locations that cannot be the chin or cheek. Locating a cheek further includes removing falsely detected cheeks by parabola fitting curves through the cheeks.

Image analysis techniques, including object recognition analysis, are applied to images obtained by one or more image capture devices deployed within inventory environments. The object recognition analysis provides object recognition data (that may include one or more recognized product instances) based on stored product (training) images. In turn, a variety of functionalities may be enabled based on the object recognition data. For example, a planogram may be extracted and compared to a target planogram, or at least one product display parameter for a product can be determined and used to assess presence of the product within the inventory environment, or to determine compliance of display of the product with a promotional objective. In yet another embodiment, comparisons may be made within a single image or between multiple images over time to detect potential conditions requiring response. In this manner, efficiency and effectiveness of many previously manually-implemented tasks may be improved.

A method for detecting a facial area on a color image includes (a) placing a search window on the color image, (b) determining if a center pixel of the search window is a skin color pixel, indicating that the search window is a possible facial area candidate, (c) applying a 3-rectangle filter to the search window to determine if the search window is a possible facial area candidate, (d) applying a 4-rectangle filter to the search window to determine if the search window is a possible facial area candidate, (e) if steps (b), (c), (d) all determine that the search window is a possible facial area candidate, applying an AdaBoost filter to the search window to determine if the search window is a facial area candidate, and (f) if step (e) determines that the search window is a facial area candidate, saving the location of the search window.

A system and method for a network security system are provided. The method includes providing a master device and a backup device within a cluster of network security devices, providing the backup device with state information for the master device, detecting failure in the cluster and using the state information to recover from the failure.

A method for referencing a body part in a camera-assisted, medical navigation system including the following steps: manually manipulating a light beamer to sequentially produce a plurality of light marks on a surface of the body part; using a plurality of cameras to scan the surface of the body part, wherein the plurality of cameras detect the plurality of light marks; determining three-dimensional spatial positions for respective sequential light marks; and referencing or registering the body part based on the three dimensional spatial positions of light marks.

Disclosed are microflulidic chips that include a plurality of vias; a functionalized porous polymer monolith capable of being in fluid communication with a via; a microarray capable of being in fluid communication with the functionalized porous polymer monolith; and an observation port through which at least one target disposed within the microarray is capable of being detected. The disclosed microfluidic chips contain microarrays that can be effectively coupled to functionalized porous polymer monoliths for capturing and concentrating sample nucleic acids. Also disclosed are microfluidic chips containing microarray probes having observation ports that enable the preparation of microarrays and the detection of targets. These microfluidic chips are capable of capturing and concentrating genetic material for the analysis and identification of biological organisms, such as so-called “threat genes” from chimeric bioweapons.