The invention discloses a method for catalytically synthesizing phenazine compounds in a water phase under microwave radiation, which comprises the following steps: adding a catalytic amount of catalyst ferric chloride or nickelous chloride, a cocatalyst lithium proline, a substrate substituted 2-haloaniline, a phase-transfer catalyst 4-butyl ammonium chloride, 4-butyl ammonium bisulfate or 4-butyl ammonium bromide, an inorganic alkali or organic alkali and water into a reaction vessel, putting into a microwave reaction instrument, reacting at certain temperature under certain power for some time, concentrating under reduced pressure, and purifying the product by column chromatography. The method for preparing phenazine compounds is friendly to the environment, simple to operate and high in efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of obviously higher reaction speed than conventional heating, mild reaction conditions, high yield, high safety, low cost and environment friendliness, and is simple to operate.