507 results about "Metal ion adsorption" patented technology

The invention discovers and proposes a characteristic that interior species of phenolic resin are nonuniform in distribution in a polymerization process, and discloses a method for preparing a hollow carbon sphere by utilizing the characteristic of phenolic resin. The method comprises: (1) putting phenol into water or a solvent, adjusting the pH, then adding aldehyde and stirring at a certain temperature for a period of time; (2) adding a corrosive agent in a reaction system, stirring at a certain temperature, and selectively removing a part with a relatively low polymerization degree inside a polymer by utilizing a solubility difference of interior species for different solvents, to obtain an intermediate product, that is, a hollow sphere of phenolic resin polymer; and (3) calcining the intermediate product that is obtained in step (2) in an inertia or reducing atmosphere, naturally cooling to room temperature, and thus completing preparation of the hollow carbon sphere. The method is simple and practicable, and the prepared hollow carbon sphere is uniform in shape and controllable in dimension. Moreover, by utilizing a characteristic that the phenolic resin can be in-situ polymerized on surfaces of different nanometer particles, on one hand, a multi-layer hollow structure can be prepared in a multi-cladding and layer-by-layer corrosion manner, and on the other hand, the different nanometer particles can also be packaged in a cavity in an in-situ mode, so as to prepare a nuclear shell or egg yolk-nuclear structure. The prepared hollow carbon sphere has a potential application value in aspects of silicon-carbon negative electrode material, Li-S battery, supercapacitor, heavy metal ion adsorption, and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a visible light catalyst. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts inexpensive, non-toxic and harmless urea as the raw material, with no need for highly toxic raw materials. By controlling the calcination temperature, C3N4 can be prepared, thus being in favor of environment protection. The invention also provides a preparation method of a visible light catalyst, comprising the steps of: preparing C3N4 according to the above process; mixing the obtained C3N4 with a modifier in a solvent for reaction, drying the reaction product, thus obtaining the visible light catalyst. The modifier can be an Fe source compound, a Cu source compound, a Zn source compound, a V source compound, a W source compound, a Pt source compound, an Au source compound or a Pd source compound. The method of the invention employs an immersion method for C3N4 metal ion modification, so that metal ions can adsorb the C3N4 surface, thus inhibiting photoinduced charge recombination. Therefore, the visible light catalyst prepared by the preparation method provided in the invention has a high photo catalytic performance.

The present invention provides a luffa alkalization modification method and an application in the metal ion adsorption, belongs to natural high polymer material modification or wastewater disposal technical field. The method is mixing the natural luffa with m moderate NaOH alcohol solution, alkalization under the temperature 25-80 Celsius degree, or alkalization by microwave interval radiation 1-10 min, then obtaining alkalization luffa by reflowing, washing, filtering, drying in the thermostatic waterbath. The luffa comes from variety of natural resources, and biodegradation, and treating process is relatively simple, partly substituting high molecular synthetic material in aspect of the sewage treatment, and having advantages such as friendly to the environment.

The present invention provides a etherifying luffa method and an application in the metal ion adsorption, belonging to natural high polymer material modification or wastewater disposal technical field. The method is mixing the natural luffa with m moderate NaOH alcohol solution, alkalization under the temperature 25-80 Celsius degree, or alkalization by microwave interval radiation, then obtaining alkalization luffa by reflowing, washing, filtering, drying in the thermostatic waterbath; the etherifying luffa is obtained by dispersing with NaOH solution, reacting with the chloroacetic acid alcoholic solution, filtering, washing, drying. The luffa comes from variety of natural resources, and biodegradation, and treating process is relatively simple, partly substituting high molecular synthetic material in aspect of the sewage treatment, and having advantages such as friendly to the environment.

The invention provides an amidoxime-based chelate polyacrylonitrile fiber and its preparation method. The preparation method of the amidoxime-based chelate polyacrylonitrile fiber comprises the following steps that 1, polyacrylonitrile fibers are subjected to irradiation cross-linking under the conditions of an inert gas atmosphere and an irradiation amount of 20 to 2000kGy; and 2, the polyacrylonitrile fibers subjected to irradiation cross-linking undergo an amidoximation reaction. The invention also provides a use of the amidoxime-based chelate polyacrylonitrile fiber as a metal ion adsorption material. Through the preparation method which is simple relatively, the amidoxime-based chelate polyacrylonitrile fiber which has good mechanical properties, high fiber breaking strength, a long reuse life and stable performances and is damaged difficultly is obtained. The amidoxime-based chelate polyacrylonitrile fiber can be utilized as a metal ion adsorption material, is suitable for the fields of purification of industrial waste water or slag, or extraction of uranium of seawater, has excellent effects of adsorbing multiple metal ions, and can greatly reduce an industrial cost.

The invention relates to a heavy metal ion adsorption film and a production method thereof. The heavy metal ion adsorption film is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and amido polymers at a polyvinyl alcohol / amido polymer ratio of (95:5) to (20:80). The amido polymers are polyvinyl amine, polyallylamine and branched polyethylene. The amido polymers are introduced into the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and then the resulting mixture undergoes crosslinking reaction with a cross-linking agent to form a three-dimensional polymer network. The method is simple, feasible and free of organic solvents. The introduction of amido groups can efficiently increase the water swellability of polyvinyl alcohol film and simultaneously enhance the adsorbability of the film to heavy metal ions.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nanoscale zirconium phosphate silver-carrying composite inorganic antimicrobial agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of 1, a nanoscale zirconium phosphate carrier preparation step specifically comprising that enough sodium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is added into zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution to undergo areaction to produce nanoscale zirconium phosphate carriers, 2, an ultrafiltration step specifically comprising that the nanoscale zirconium phosphate carriers obtained from the step 1 are added into an ultrafilter membrane system for ultrafiltration and when a result of a detection adopting silver ions shows that there is not chloride ions in filtrate, the ultrafiltration is completed, 3, an antimicrobial metal ion adsorption and displacement step specifically comprising that nanoscale zirconium phosphate carrier sol precipitates are dissolved in pure water and then antimicrobial metal ion aqueous solution is added into the nanoscale zirconium phosphate carrier sol precipitate aqueous solution to undergo complete adsorption and displacement reactions, and 4, an inorganic antimicrobial powder preparation step specifically comprising that reaction products obtained from the step 3 are filtered by a pump and washed to form filter cakes and the filter cakes is dried by an oven, crushed slightly and calcined to form finished products. The preparation method removes an inorganic salt by-product from a zirconium phosphate synthesis process through adopting an ultrafilter membrane thus enables zirconium phosphate carriers to be utilized directly for adsorption and displacement of metal ions without high-temperature calcination.

The invention relates to an application of vegetable sponge as adsorbent in metal ion adsorption. The vegetable sponge is derived from the fruit of loofah, and the natural adsorption material is obtained after the loofah is peeled off and the kernel is removed; the natural adsorption material can be directly used for absorbing the metal ions in solution, especially the water solution. The vegetable sponge has the advantages of wide source, capability of biodegradation, simple processing technology, ability to substitute synthetic macromolecular material and environmental friendliness.

The invention discloses a new-typed heavy metal ion adsorbent of silica loading crosslinking chitosan in the environment-protection domain, which is characterized by the following: the metal ion adsorbent adapts gamma-epoxy propyl-trimethyl silane with epoxy group and soluble inorganic silane agent as chitosan crosslinking agent; the chitosan crosslinking action is accomplished by the reaction of chitosan and epoxy group and the silane agent hydrolysis and condensation course. The invention displays simple course without organic solvent and environmental pollution, which can dispose the waste water with heavy metal ion.

The invention discloses a functionalized nano-fiber heavy metal ion adsorbing material and a preparation method thereof. The invention is characterized in that the material is prepared by the following steps: (1) dissolving a polymer substrate and a functionalized reagent in an appropriate solvent to form a polymer solution with the functionalized reagent; and (2) preparing the polymer solution with the functionalized reagent prepared in the step (1) into the functionalized nano-fiber heavy metal ion adsorbing material by using the electrostatic spinning method. The fiber diameter of the functionalized nano-fiber heavy metal ion adsorbing material is 10-1000nm. The method is simple, convenient and safe; and the prepared fiber material has a nano-level diameter, has large specific area and strong adsorption property, can be used with a small usage amount, and is beneficial to being applied to a biological sample with a small sample amount.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and environmental water treatment and in particular relates to a heavy metal ion adsorbent ferrite hollow spheres MFe2O4 (M=Fe, Co, Mn or Zn) and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the ferrite hollow spheres MFe2O4 belongs to a hydrothermal synthesis method, and the prepared ferrite hollow spheres are 180nm-380nm in diameter and 20nm-45nm in shell layer thickness and are used for adsorbing heavy metal ions As (V) and / or Cr (VI). The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, environment-friendly, pollution-free, low in equipment requirement and high in controllable degree; the raw material source is wide and the production cost is low; compared with a compound prepared in the prior art, the prepared heavy metal ion adsorbent is relatively high in adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity aiming at arsenic and chromium heavy metal ions reaches up to 340mg / g and is far beyond that in the prior art, so that the heavy metal ion adsorbent has relatively good application and promotion values.

Activated carbons may be produced by carbonization of poultry manure, followed by activation of carbonized manure. Carbons produced from poultry manure by the method described herein exhibit enhanced activity for metal ion adsorption.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a metal ion adsorbent, and relates to a method for preparing resin with adsorption function on metal ions. The method uses beta-cyclodextrine as a raw material, and uses acrylic acid and acrylamide as copolymerization reactants. The method comprises the following steps of: adding alkali solution of the beta-cyclodextrine and cyclohexane into a reactor, heating the reactor in a water bath and introducing nitrogen into the reactor, and stirring the mixture; and then dropwise adding uniformly stirred solution of initiator, cross linker, acrylic acid and acrylamide into the reactor to perform polymerization reaction, and obtaining the resin with performance of adsorbing the metal ions by heat preservation, cooling, filtering and vacuum drying. The resin prepared by the method has good adsorption effect on heavy metal ions such as copper ions, lead ions, cadmium ions and the like, the metal ion adsorbing capacity of 80 mg / L Cu2+ solution is 107.37 mg / g, the metal ion adsorbing capacity of 80 mg / L Pb2+ solution is 80.04 mg / g, the metal ion adsorbing capacity of 80 mg / L Cd2+ solution is 78,94 mg / g, and the resin can be made into a heavy metal ion wastewater treating agent and has good application prospect in the aspects of removing and reclaiming heavy metal ions.

The invention provides a magnetic composite microsphere material, which takes a chitosan-polyacrylamide complex as a packaging material and takes a magnetic material as a nuclear body. The magnetic composite microsphere material is prepared by adopting a reversed-phase suspension cross-linking method, can effectively eliminate hazardous materials in a water body by effects of adsorption, complexation and the like, can also be effectively separated from the water body and recycled by a magnetic separation technique, can be used as a water treatment agent, integrates multiple functions of good flocculation, metal ion absorption, deodorization, decolorization, effective reduction of a COD value and the like, has certain universality, and is applicable to waste water of all enterprises for printing and dyeing, electroplating and the like.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing silicon carbide nano wire by utilizing natural plant fiber. The method includes that natural plant fiber after purification treatment is taken as carbon source and template, one or more than one of silica powder, silicon dioxide and silicon dioxide slice is taken as silicon source, metal Fe, Co, Ni or Ag is taken as catalyst, the charging weight ratio of plant fiber after purification treatment, silicon source and metal is controlled to be 1:0.67-7:0.5-3, firstly immersion method is adopted to cause the silicon source and metal ion to be absorbed on the surface of the natural plant fiber, separation and drying are carried out, thus obtaining the natural plant fiber absorbed with silicon source and metal ion, and the natural plant fiber absorbed with silicon source and metal ion is subject to reaction at 900-1500 DEG C for 1-5 hours under the protection of chemical inert gas, thus obtaining the silicon carbide nano wire. The invention makes the best of low-cost natural plant fiber, the natural plant fiber is taken as template and carbon source, the method is simple, cost is low, and industrialization is easy to realize.

An environment-friendly carbon nanotube / sodium alginate heavy metal ion sorbing material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of new nano material and environmental protection. Aiming at solving the problem that the carbon nanotube with microsize is likely to cause secondary pollution to water quality while being used as sorbent, the invention uses nontoxicity, good adsorptive capacity and excellent formability of sodium alginate, and prepares carbon nanotube / sodium alginate granular composite material by sol-gel method. The carbon nanotube / sodium alginate granular composite material has good adsorptive capacity on heavy metal ion in sewage. The method has simple preparation process and controllable condition, is suitable for mass production, reduces secondary pollution to water by the carbon nanotube with microsize, and prepares the environment-friendly carbon nanotube / sodium alginate composite sorbing material.

The invention relates to an adsorbing material, in particular to an adsorbing material used for absorbing metal ion in waste water and a preparation method thereof. Under the action of a catalyst, aminopolysaccharides or oilmeal, polyalcohols, isocyanate and vesicant are loaded through polymerization on a urethane foam cross-linked network. The adsorption material can effectively adsorb metal irons in wasted water, thereby solving the pollution of metal irons fundamentally. The adsorbing material has good adsorption of metal irons. The chitosan and oil meal are loaded on the urethane network so as to obtain a novel porous adsorption material which has good physical and chemical performance, larger surface area, good adsorption ability and simple preparation method. The adsorption material is suitable for disposal of waste water containing heavy metal irons characterized by large flow rate and low concentration.

The invention relates to a chemical bond connected strong cationic grafted amphoteric chitosan flocculant which is obtained by grafting strong cationic monomers to amphoteric carboxymethyl chitosan in an acidic condition through copolymerization. The chemical bond connected strong cationic grafted amphoteric chitosan flocculant is in such a structure as follows: in the chemical bond connected strong cationic grafted amphoteric chitosan flocculant, degree of substitution of a carboxylic acid group is 5-90%, methylacryloyl oxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is a strong cationic monomer, and polymethylacryloyl oxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride accounts for 5-80% by mass of the chemical bond connected strong cationic grafted amphoteric chitosan flocculant. The flocculant provided by the invention has amphoteric characteristics, so that not only is the flocculant property improved, but also the dissolving property is improved. The raw material chitosan is wide in source, natural, non-toxic and degradable. The flocculant has multiple functions of good flocculation effect, metal ion absorption, bacteriostasis, deodorization, decoloration, and effective reduction of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) value and the like.

The invention discloses an intelligent hydrogel as well as a preparation method and an application thereof and a hydrogel. The intelligent hydrogel is P(NIPAM-co-CS) / Fe3O4 and comprises iron oxide, N-isopropyl acrylamide and chitosan. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving FeCl2.4H2O and FeCl3.6H2O in a mixed solvent of ethanol and water and reacting to prepare hydrophilic Fe3O4 nanoparticles under the protection of nitrogen and by adopting ammonia water as a precipitating agent; ultrasonically dispersing the prepared Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a chitosan liquid, adding a temperature-sensitive monomer N-isopropyl acrylamide and in the presence of a crosslinking agent and an initiator and by adopting tetramethylethylenediamine as an accelerator, carrying out polymerization reaction to prepare the intelligent hydrogel P(NIPAM-co-CS) / Fe3O4 by virtue of a micro-emulsion polymerization method. The intelligent hydrogel can be applied in the preparation of a water body heavy metal ion adsorption-desorption agent for removing heavy metal ions in water body.

The invention discloses a preparation method of grafted amphoteric starch flocculants, which is implemented by carrying out graft copolymerization on cationic starches, acrylamide and an acrylic acid so as to obtain a grafted amphoteric starch flocculant, and the grafted amphoteric starch flocculant has the following structure shown in the abstract. The method disclosed by the invention has the following advantages that because a molecular chain is rich in anion-cation groups and has amphoteric characteristics, not only is the flocculation property of materials improved, and also the dissolving property of starches is improved; high polymer materials are wide in resource and low in cost, so that the grafted amphoteric starch flocculant has a high performance price ratio; starches have biodegradability and are non-toxic, so that starches do not produce secondary pollution to water bodies; the grafted amphoteric starch flocculant has various good effects such as flocculation, metal ion adsorption, bacteriostasis, deodorization, decoloring, and capability of effectively reducing the COD value; the grafted amphoteric starch flocculant has a characteristic of high efficiency, and is low in putting amount, and the putting amount is generally 0.1-10mg / L; and the the grafted amphoteric starch flocculant is suitable for treating water bodies with different charges, good in salt resistance and wide in applied pH range, and can be applied when the pH value is 1-12.

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a heavy metal ion absorbent namely polyethyleneimine modified sodium lignin sulfonate. The heavy metal ion absorbent is prepared by grafting polyethyleneimine to sodium lignin sulfonate through static electricity or a chemical crosslinking method, and the property of the absorbent is stable. The surface of the absorbing material synthesized by the provided method is rich in active absorbing groups such as hydroxyl group, sulfonic acid group, amino group, and the like. The heavy metal ion absorbent has the advantages of simple preparation technology, low cost, and good stability, and is easy to promote and use. The provided absorbent has a strong absorbing performance on harmful metal ions such as Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and the like, and can be used to treat and purify wastewater containing heavy metal ions.

The invention relates to a surface modification method of carbon nanotube and application of the surface modified carbon nanotube. The surface modification method comprises the following steps: (1) adding carbon nanotubes into concentrated nitric acid, heating and refluxing under stirring, cooling, centrifuging to obtain a solid matter, washing the solid matter with deionized water to pH 7, vacuum drying to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes, adding the acidified carbon nanotubes and thionyl chloride into an organic solvent, ultrasonic dispersing, stirring for reaction, distilling under reduced pressure to obtain a solid product, filtering the solid product with a nylon filter membrane, cleaning, vacuum drying to obtain carbon nanotube acyl chloride, adding carbon nanotube acyl chloride and sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate into an organic solvent, ultrasonic dispersing, stirring for reaction, cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, suction-filtering with a nylon membrane, washing, and vacuum drying to obtain multi-wall carbon nanotubes modified by sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate. The surface modified carbon nanotube prepared by the invention has significantly enhanced metal ion adsorption property and high recycle rate, and is easy to be separated.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a magnetic polymer heavy metal ion adsorbent. An improved chemical co-precipitation method is used for preparing magnetic nano particles, surface modification is conducted on the magnetic nano particles with gamma-choropropyltrimethoxysilane and polyethyleneimine to obtain polyethyleneimine modified magnetic nano particles, and finally, the polyethyleneimine modified magnetic nano particles and functional monomers are subjected to copolymerization to prepare the magnetic polymer heavy metal ion adsorbent with a multi-level cross-linking structure and multiple adsorption groups; the saturation magnetization is 3.5-15.5 emu / g, remanent flux density and coercive field strength both approach to zero, the paramagnetism and the magnetic responsiveness are provided, for a heavy metal ion aqueous solution with an initial concentration of 100-1000 mg / L, the heavy metal ion adsorption capacity reaches 35-450 mg / g, adsorption equilibrium can be reached in 50-100 min, the heavy metal ion adsorption capacity after 5-time recycling is more than 85% of the first adsorption capacity, and the method can be widely applied in heavy metal ion adsorption and separation, pollution abatement of heavy metal ions and the like.

The invention relates to the field of composite electrically conductive fibers, and discloses a composite electrically conductive fiber and a preparing method thereof. The method includes (1) claddingan organic fiber with a polymer; (2) subjecting the organic fiber clad with the polymer to metal ionic adsorption and reduction to obtain an organic fiber to which a first metal is attached; (3) depositing a second metal on the organic fiber to which a first metal is attached and which is prepared in the step (2); and (4) subjecting the organic fiber obtained in the step (3) to thermal treatmentin an inert atmosphere, wherein the second metal used for deposition in the step (3) is at least one of silver, copper and nickel. The composite electrically conductive fiber prepared by the method has high tensile strength, high electrical conductivity and high adhesive force.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of polymer materials and particularly relates to a preparation method of a MOFs-chitosan nanofiber composite membrane. The preparation method comprises: preparing chitosan nanofibers through an electrospinning method, and blending a synthesized MOFs material and the chitosan nanofibers so that the MOFs material and chitosan nanofibers arecompounded under the action of a cross-linking agent to form the MOFs-chitosan nanofiber composite membrane. The MOFs-chitosan nanofiber composite membrane effectively solves the problem of low strength, poor stability and poor dispersibility of the MOFs material in the chitosan fibers. The MOFs-chitosan nanofiber composite membrane has the advantages of high MOFs retention rate, high strength, excellent water resistance and excellent solvent resistance. The preparation method is simple and easy, the preparation conditions are mild, the preparation method is suitable for large-scale production, and the MOFs-chitosan nanofiber composite membrane can be used in the fields of dye adsorption, metal ion adsorption, gas adsorption and storage.

The invention relates to a new application of low molecular citrus pectin, in particular to the application of low molecular citrus pectin for treating and preventing lead and heavy metal poisoning in prepared medicines, foods and health care products. The low molecular citrus pectin is a compound prepared from soluble dietary fiber and galacturonic acid, the polysaccharide derivative is used as a metal ion absorbent (chelating agent), has absorption action on heavy metal ions, can remove heavy ions, such as Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Ag+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ and the like. The low molecular citrus pectin is different from common chemical chelating agents; proved by animal and clinic experiments, lead, mercury and arsenic are discharged out of human bodies during toxin discharge, and the key level of calcium, magnesium, zinc or other minerals can not be influenced. The natural chelating function of the low molecular citrus pectin is a most ideal and successful solution for heavy metal pollution in the human body at present. Thus, the low molecular citrus pectin has the function of preventing various diseases and especially has special functions of clearing away harmful cells and discharging toxins in the human body.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a silica gel-bonded polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, an amino functional group-containing silane coupling agent as a central nucleus and methyl acrylate undergo a Michael addition reaction to produce a semi-generation product G0.5 containing ester groups as terminal groups, the semi-generation product G0.5 and ethanediamine undergo an amidation reaction to produce a whole-generation product G1.0 containing amino groups as terminal group, and the Michael addition reaction and the amidation reaction are repeated to produce G0.5-G4.0 PAMAM dendrimers, and 2, the G0.5-G4.0 PAMAM dendrimers and a silica gel precursor tetraethoxysilane are mixed according to a mole ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 16 and undergo a synthesis reaction by a sol-gel method, and the reaction system respectively undergoes hydrolysis copolycondensation reactions in the presence of a pore forming agent and in the absence of the pore forming agent so that the silica gel-bonded PAMAM dendrimer adsorbent are obtained. The silica gel-bonded PAMAM dendrimer adsorbent has a large metal ion adsorption capacity, can be used for treatment on heavy metal ion wastewater and has a unique advantage in practical application.

The invention discloses a preparation method of straw anaerobic fermentation residue active carbon for processing cadmium-containing waste water, which comprises the following steps: cleaning, cutting, drying, crushing, and sieving straw anaerobic fermentation residues, soaking the residues with a potassium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-20% at a vibration rotating speed of 100-120 r / min for 3-12 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the potassium hydroxide to the straw anaerobic fermentation residue powder is 0.5-4:1, drying, performing activation in a muffle furnace for 30-60 min at a temperature of 400-550 DEG C, washing with hot distilled water at 70-80 DEG C to obtain a pH of 5-6, drying the obtained product, grinding the product to obtain a particle mesh size of less than 150 meshes. The active carbon prepared in the invention has good processing effect on cadmium-containing waste water, has a theoretical saturated adsorption capacity of cadmium ions of 20.79-66.22 mg / g which is far higher than that of common commercial active carbon. The process of the invention is simple and practical, low in cost, less in pollution, and good in adsorption effect on metal ions, and thus has good application prospects.