235results about How to "Won't separate" patented technology

The invention discloses a robot for cleaning a composite adsorption ship body, relates to the field of machinery, and aims to provide a composite adsorption mode combining magnetic adsorption with propeller adsorption for the current robot for cleaning a ship body. The robot comprises a rack, three cleaning brushes, a motor and a travelling mechanism, wherein the front part of the rack is provided with the cleaning brushes and the motor, and the two sides of the rack are provided with the travelling mechanism; the rack is also provided with a propeller and anti-dumping magnetic wheels; the propeller is arranged in the middle of the rack and is connected with the motor; the anti-dumping magnetic wheels are arranged at the rear part of the rack; the travelling mechanism comprises two crawler attachments and is driven by the motor, and outer sides of the crawler belts are provided with magnets; and the outer circumference of the anti-dumping magnetic wheels are provided with magnets, and the upper part of the anti-dumping magnetic wheels are provided with bearings. The robot has the beneficial effect that the underwater part and overwater part of the ship body can be completely cleaned.

The invention provides a sand modification method suitable for high-wind-erosion and high-water-erosion areas. The method includes: respectively drying various sludge rich in bacteria, various decayed straw, forest litter powder or forest soil rich in actinomycetes and fungi, organic flocculants at normal temperature, and mixing the same to obtain mixture, and storing; well mixing the mixture with local clay minerals, decomposed coal or humus soil, cross linking with water solution with cross-linking agent at normal temperature to form flocculent mixture, and crushing particles to form microorganism / microorganism cultivation medium cluster; mixing microorganism / microorganism cultivation medium cluster, plant straws, and soil with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, plowing with sand, and pouring 5-50 kilos of starch or molasses water solution to each mu of sand to activate microorganisms. The sand modified by the method is high in water retention, high in wind and water erosion resistance and low in cost.

A soldering technology for manufacturing the composite metallic pipe includes coating the solder on the surface of each single metallic pipe, sleeving them together, drawing to swell them for closing to each other tightly, heating to 1100-1200 deg.c to smelt the solder, holding the temp for 2-10 min, and cooling. Its advantages are tight closing between pipe layers, no corrosion of residual dregs, dirt, air, water, etc. long service life and high bendability.

A continuous variable valve lift apparatus may include a camshaft, a first cam disposed on the camshaft, an actuating shaft parallel to the cam shaft, an actuating lever connected to the actuating shaft, a swing arm rotatably coupled to the actuating lever and an engine, a second cam pivotally connected to the swing arm and contacting the first cam to open a valve unit and a control portion which is connected to the actuating shaft and selectively rotates the actuating shaft for pivoting center of the swing arm to move.

The pickled fresh chili is produced with red chili as main material, and through washing, drying in the air, prickling with bamboo stick some holes, setting inside pot; frying salt in a wok at 90-110 deg.c for 15-25 min, adding water, sugar and seasoning before boiling for 3-5 min; pouring the mixture of salt, water, sugar and seasoning into the pot; and sealing the pot for 5-7 days to form the pickled fresh chili. The present invention has obvious freshness keeping effect, and the product has no preservative added and is beneficial to health.

The invention provides a steel pipe concrete pile. The steel pipe concrete pile comprises an outer-layer steel pipe; a spiral rib is fixed on the inner wall of the outer-layer steel pipe; a plurality of circles of rivets are fixed at the circumference of the inner wall of the outer-layer steel pipe; the outer-layer steel pipe is lined with a concrete inner layer, and an end plate is arranged at the end portion of the outer-layer steel pipe; according to the structural design, the biting force of the steel pipe and the concrete comprises three parts, namely the biting force of the spiral rib and the concrete, the anchoring force of the rivet and the concrete and the binding force of the inner wall of the steel pipe and the concrete; the added spiral rib rivet is capable of improving the binding of the concrete and the steel pipe to a large extent, so that the concrete and the steel pipe can be bound firmly and the impact resistance can be enhanced, and in the striking process, the concrete and the steel pipe are not separated from each other. According to experimental verification, after the spiral rib is added and the rivet is arranged, the bending resistance and the shear-bearing capacity of the novel pipe pile are improved by 50%.

The invention relates to a ceramic combination and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a ceramic sheet for radiating far infrared, used on an electric pad. The ceramic combination is composed of a first ceramic material with a hole or groove in center and a second ceramic material located in the center hole position of the first ceramic material; and is manufactured as follows: preheating, heating for 1-4 hours at 1100-1300 DEG C, then gradually cooling to combine two ceramic materials. The ceramic combination has simple structure, smooth combination part and beautiful appearance.

The invention discloses an abnormal binding belt for connecting a cork with a bottle and suitable for a glass reagent bottle with a cork. The abnormal binding belt is made of flexible erosion-resistant plastic or rubber and comprises two linear binding belts. The linear binding belts are connected in parallel through a connection strip to form a whole. One ends of the linear binding belts are provided with locking bayonets and the connection strip is connected on locking bayonet ends of the two binding strips. A marking portion is connected to one side of the connection strip. The abnormal binding belt for connecting the cork with the bottle and suitable for the glass reagent bottle with the cork can be conveniently applied to solution preparation occasions of ground glass volumetric containers with corks, wherein the containers include a volumetric flask and a separating funnel, the binding belt is convenient to bind, and the tightening degree is high. The cork will not be separated from the bottle body. A mark writing position is arranged in a middle connection position of the abnormal binding belt so as to distinguish volumetric flasks. As the bottle body is scraped due to loss of the cork in practice, convenient and normative marking positions are provided by the abnormal binding belt for connecting the cork with the bottle and suitable for the glass reagent bottle with the cork.

The invention provides a method for processing a single-face wire embedding printed circuit board without a core board. The method comprises the following steps: coating two ultrathin copper foils on a carrier board to obtain a processing board, and drilling a certain number of mechanical through holes in the edge area of the processing board; manufacturing a wire embedding layer circuit on the surface of the cooper foils of the processing board through an addition method, and meanwhile metalizing the mechanical through holes; increasing layers by using conventional printed circuit board processing flow, wherein the metalized mechanical through holes on the board edge are filled by an insulated dielectric material; and in a subsequent processing course, the metalized mechanical through holes in the edge of the processing board and filled with resin protect the whole non-dismounted wire embedding board, the mechanical drilling area on the board edge is removed in an edge milling manner and is split to obtain the printed circuit board without the core board, the defect that the copper foils and the carrier board are separated easily is overcome, and mass production can be realized.

The invention discloses an integrated window type air conditioner, which comprises an indoor panel, a cabinet, an evaporator, an indoor fan, a condenser, an outdoor fan, a compressor and a base plate, wherein the bottom of the base plate has a moveable drain structure which cannot be dismantled, and condensed water accumulated on the base plate can be drained outdoors through the drain structure. The drain structure is arranged at the lowest position of the base plate, so when a drain hole in the drain structure is open, the condensed water flows towards the drain hole at the lowest position, the condensed water in the base plate can be drained as much as possible, the accumulation amount of the condensed water in the base plate is reduced, and the corrosion of the base plate caused by the condensed water which is accumulated in the base plate for a long time is prevented. Moreover, the drain structure can be arranged at any position on the base plate as long as the height of the position of the drain hole is as low as possible, and thus, the drainage performance of the drain structure and the convenience for use are both taken into consideration.

The invention relates to a replaceable component and a recyclable component of an earphone. The replaceable component comprises a third shell body, an audio-frequency signal input plug, an audio-frequency signal output plug, an external connection cable, a microphone handle, a volume controller, a first circuit connection device and a circuit board. The recyclable component comprises an earphone body, a left bracket, a right bracket, a head beam, an internal connection cable and a second circuit connection device. Each connection end of the first circuit connection device of the replaceable component corresponds to each connection end of the second circuit connection device of the recyclable component, and the connection ends of the first circuit connection device and the second circuit connection device are detachably, fixedly and electrically connected with each other during the use. A microphone pickup is arranged on the microphone handle or on the earphone body. The third shell body of the replaceable component is detachably and fixedly connected with the earphone body of the recyclable component, thereby forming a complete earphone. The earphone consisting of the components has lower use cost.

The invention discloses a safe and rapid electric pole climbing tool, which comprises a position limiting sliding device, wherein the position limiting sliding device comprises a round pipe formed bytwo semi-circular arc-shaped plates of the same shape; a dismountable gear is rotationally arranged on the outer wall of the round pipe; the two semi-circular arc-shaped plates are connected and fixedthrough screw bolts and sleeve an electric pole; a driving device is arranged on the outer side wall of one semi-circular arc-shaped plate; a climbing device is arranged on the outer side wall of theother semi-circular arc-shaped plate, and comprises a lifting frame,and telescopic rods are arranged in a vertical plate of the lifting frame; a support foot plate is connected with the bottom end ofeach of the telescopic rods. The safe and rapid electric pole climbing tool has the advantages that the safe and rapid electric pole climbing tool can be arranged on the electric poles with differentsizes and diameters; through the transmission between a motor and a plurality of gears, the ascending and descending can be realized; the time and the labor are saved; through the use of the screw bolts for limiting the safe and rapid electric pole climbing tool onto the electric pole, the safe and rapid electric pole climbing tool is also provided with a dismountable gear with the locking function; the transmission is realized; the whole device can be protected from being separated,and the safety performance is high.

The invention discloses a PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film comprising a PVC film layer; a release layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the PVC film layer and an ink layer with texture is printed on the bottom surface of the release layer. The invention also discloses a method for transferring the PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film to the surface of a plate material, which includes the following technique steps that: (1) glue is sprayed and coated on the surfaces of the medium-high density wood board or artificial slates; (2) the processed plate material in the step (1) and the PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film are put together into a plastic inhaling machine at the temperature ranging from 120 to 150 DEG C to conduct vacuum forming so that the bottom of the ink layer on the PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film can be tightly and closely attached to the surface of the plate material; (3) the PVC film layer at the top layer of the PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film in the step (2) is torn down so as to ensure the ink layer is transferred to the surface of the plate material from the PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film. The PVC plastic-absorbing and printing-transferring film has simple and reasonable structure and by adopting the method, the ink layer can be fixedly bonded on the plate material and can be hardly dropped off after being used for a long time, thus prolonging the service life of furniture or the plate material.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly composite water retention agent which comprises loess absorbing an inorganic fertilizer, plant waste, dry animal waste and an acrylic polymer, wherein the loess absorbing the inorganic fertilizer, the plant waste and the dry animal waste are dispersed in the acrylic polymer, and the acrylic polymer is firstly pre-polymerized and then added with nutritional ingredients to be mixed, so that various nutritional ingredients can be prevented from participating into polymerization crosslinking reaction of crylic acid, and the original nutritional ingredients are kept. Meanwhile, nutritional ingredients are uniformly dispersed into the acrylic polymer to be combined into a whole without separation, so that the composite water retention agent is more convenient to use, and enough nutritional ingredients required for growth are uniformly provided to the plant while water retention is achieved. The environment-friendly composite water retention agent is characterized in that the environment-friendly composite water retention agent is suitable for dry areas lack of water, for example, economic trees such as calcium humilis and shinyleaf yellowhorn planted in a desertification area in northern China; the setting ratio is high, and roots are not rotted. The gel strength of the water retention agent is 180-210g / cm<2> and the moisture pickup is 250-450g / g.

The invention discloses a manufacture method of an optical module, comprising the following steps of supplying a plate, wherein the plate comprises a lens structure and a substrate, and the lens structure is formed on the first surface of the substrate; cutting a groove by a laser on the lens structure and enabling the first surface of the substrate to be exposed from the groove; cutting a cutting line by a cutter on the second surface of the substrate, wherein the second surface is relative to the first surface, and the cutting line is relative to the groove; and cracking the plate starting from the cutting line. In the invention, because the groove is cut on the lens structure by utilizing the laser firstly to enable the substrate to be exposed from the groove, and then the cutting line is cut on the substrate corresponding to the position of the groove by utilizing the cutter, when the plate is splintered along the cutting line, the lens structure can be ensured not to be separated from the substrate, thereby improving the production yield rate of the optical module.

The invention discloses a cement-based capillary crystalline waterproof material. The active chemical substances in the cement-based capillary crystalline waterproof material have relatively strong permeability, can be deeply permeated and diffused into internal pores of cement concrete by taking water as a carrier, and chemically react with calcium ions in the concrete to generate water-insoluble silicon-calcium hydrates (branch and tendril-shaped crystals). The crystals are filled with capillary tube pores, the crystals and the concrete are integrated, capillary channels in the concrete are blocked, and therefore the concrete is compact, water leakage is prevented, and the waterproof and anti-seepage functions are achieved. The waterproof material disclosed by the invention has the characteristics and properties of multiple anti-permeability and self-repairing, and has extremely high compression resistance and bending resistance. A waterproof layer prepared from the waterproof material can form a complete system with the surface of concrete, the interface bonding force is high, separation is avoided, and permanent waterproofness can be achieved.

The invention discloses a composite PE (polyethylene) film for printing and a preparation method of the PE film and belongs to the technical field of PE films. The technical scheme is characterized inthat the composite PE film for printing comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer comprises LDPE (low density polyethylene), m-VLDPE (metallocene-very low density polyethylene), m-LLDPE (metallocene-linear low density polyethylene), an anti-block agent and a PPA (phenyl-propanolamine) aid in the weight ratio being (35-45):(25-35):(25-35):(2-4):(0.5-1); the middle layer comprises LDPE, m-LLDPE and the PPA aid in the weight ratio being (40-50):(50-60):(0.5-1.5); the outer layer comprises LDPE, m-VLDPE, m-LLDPE and the PPA aid in the weight ratio being(15-25):(35-45):(35-45):(1-2). High-transparency PE resin containing no slipping agent is selected, the adsorption capability of the PE film for ink can be improved, the deinking phenomenon is reduced, and the technical effect of improving the inner printing effect is realized.

The invention relates to a molecular marker identification method of a black fungus strain and specific molecular marker primers of black fungus strain HW 5, which solves the problems of high screening quantity of specific primers, difficult acquirement of specific markers, unavailable identification of filial generation and unavailable determination of genetic stability existing in the traditional molecular marker identification method of the black fungus strain. The identification method comprises the following steps of: (1) extracting the total DNA of mycelium; (2) carrying out ISSR-PCR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat and Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis; (3) purifying and designing the specific molecular marker primers; and (4) carrying out PCR detection. The specific molecular marker primers of the black fungus strain HW 5 are R1-1 and R1-2. The molecular marker identification method of the black fungus strain has the advantages of small screening quantity of specific primers and easy acquirement of specific markers, and moreover, specific molecular marker genes obtained in the molecular marker identification method of the black fungus strain are completely and regularly distributed in a mononuclear filial generation.

The invention relates to a fluid ejection device which is used specifically as an extinguisher, the ejected fluid then being an extinguishing agent in liquid or powdered form. Said device comprises: a cylindrically-shaped tank (1), which is sealingly separated perpendicularly to the axis thereof, into two chambers (11, 12), by means of a so-called piston (10) element capable of sliding axially inside the tank; a first chamber (11) containing a non-gaseous fluid (110), which is in communication with an ejection opening (13) closed by a cap (30) capable of opening at a pressure greater than or equal to a pre-determined pressure in said first chamber; a second so-called pressurization chamber (12) capable of being connected to means (40) for increasing the pressure in said chamber; and a means (101) linking the piston to the tank in complete connection in a first axial so-called storage position, which means are capable of breaking and releasing the piston in axial translation at a pressure greater than or equal to a pre-determined pressure in the pressurization tank (12), so as to cause the fluid (110) to be ejected.

The invention provides a hinge for a door body of a freezing refrigeration device. The freezing refrigeration device comprises a door body and a box body which are in running fit with each other. The hinge on the door body comprises an upper hinge plate (3), wherein one end of the upper hinge plate is a fixed end connected to the box body; a hinge shaft (4) which is in running fit with a positioning sleeve (62) fixed in the door body, stretches out of the other end of the upper hinge plate; a first reinforcing plate (1) which is in clearance fit with the hinge shaft (4) is hung on the hinge shaft (4); and the hinge shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve (62) through the first reinforcing plate (1) along the axial direction. The invention further provides the freezing refrigeration device, which is provided with an upper decorative strip (6), a side decorative strip (8) and the hinge on the door body, wherein the upper decorative strip (6) and the side decorative strip (8) are connected with each other on the door body and the positioning sleeve (62) is integrally formed with the upper decorative strip (6). The weight of the door body is shared by an upper hinge and a lower hinge, thereby enabling the appearance of the freezing refrigeration device to be neat, prolonging the service life of the freezing refrigeration device, and being excellent in structural strength and stable in structure.

The invention relates to a pipe jacking construction method for municipal sewage pipes, and the construction method is suitable for municipal sewage pipe construction of short distance and short construction period, and is suitable for a construction situation that the soil relief is complicated. Each of concrete pipes is always connected with the front end of a drill stem in a sleeving manner, and thereby, positioning is performed on the concrete pipes through the drill stem, and the condition that the concrete pipes skew and soil suddenly collapses is reduced, so that the concrete pipes runthrough a receiving well more easily along a projected route; with the cooperation of a reamer and high-pressure water guns, the efficiency of excavating and transporting earth in the concrete pipes is increased, and thereby, the overall efficiency of pipe jacking construction is increased, and the construction period is shortened; and the pipe jacking construction method is suitable for the construction situation that the distance is short, geology is relatively complicated and the soil supporting force is relatively weak.

The invention relates to the technical field of agrocybe aegerita culture, particularly an agrocybe aegerita culture bag and a preparation method thereof. The culture bag is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of polyethylene, 20-40 parts of polypropylene, 8-12 parts of compatilizer, 8-12 parts of toughener, 5-10 parts of heat-resistance modifier, 5-10 parts of impact modifier, 10-20 parts of flame retardant, 1-2 parts of initiator, 1-2 parts of polymerization inhibitor, 0.5-1.5 parts of lubricant and 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant. The agrocybe aegerita culture bag has favorable toughness and high-temperature resistance, can be attached to the culture medium at any time, and can not separate. The sterilization temperature can be enhanced to 118 DEG C. The preparation method has the advantages of simple technique, stable quality and high production efficiency, is convenient for operation control, and can implement large-scale industrial production.

The invention discloses a specimen collection bag used for a minimally invasive surgery. The specimen collection bag comprises a transparent film plastic bag, a spring skeleton, a binding-off band, and a binding-off band lock catch. The spring skeleton is formed by a guiding head, a group of elastic support bands in the same length and tightening rings. The elastic support bands are distributed in an umbrella shape. The other end of each elastic support band is provided with the tightening ring, and one end is gathered on the guiding head. In a natural state, the spring skeleton is a conical skeleton. The binding-off band are divided into left and right symmetric segments and the left and right segments are provided with barbs. The binding-off band lock catch is a hollow cone-frustums shell. The top of the cone is provided with a non-return hole. The transparent film plastic bag covers and is fixed on the inner wall of the conical skeleton. The binding-off band passes through the tightening ring of each elastic support band in sequence. The left and right symmetric ends pass through the corresponding non-return hole of the binding-off band lock catch. The specimen bag can automatically open a bag opening, and directions of a specimen long axis and a bag body long axis are adjusted and kept consistent. The specimen bag has a function of increasing diameter of an incision when passing through a minimally invasive incision, so as to reduce surgery operation steps of doctors, reduce surgery operation difficulty, and reduce surgery risks.

The invention discloses a non-curing asphalt rubber waterproof coating film and a processing technology thereof; the waterproof coating film is prepared by 40% of 100# asphalt, 13% of SBS (Styrene Butadiene Styrene), 7% of SEBS, 8% of terpene resin, 11% of softening oil, 10% of talcum powder and 11% of plasticizer DOS; the processing technology comprises the steps of burdening, stirring, even grinding, finished product inspecting, testing, packaging and warehousing; as the technical scheme is adopted, macromolecules and asphalt combined in this manner can exert respective performances to the greatest degree under the most stable state so as to improve the condensate content, stability and product performance of paint; moreover, the processing technology is simple and feasible, and is unlikely to generate pollutants.

The invention provides a device and a method for a tensile test of a fragile rib material. The device comprises a sleeve 1, a binding screw cap 2, a ball socket type screw cap 3 and a ball head pull rod 4, wherein the inner part of the sleeve 1 is a circular-platform-shaped cavity and the inner diameters of the two ends of the sleeve 1 are different; the binding screw cap 2 is screwed down on the outer part of one end with the smaller inner diameter of the sleeve 1; after the ball head pull rod 4 penetrates through the ball socket type screw cap 3, the ball socket type screw cap 3 is screwed down on the outer part of one end with the larger inner diameter of the sleeve 1. When the device and the corresponding method are used for carrying out the tensile test on the fragile rib material, a test sample does not need to be directly clamped so as to protecting end parts of the test sample from being damaged by a too large transverse concentrated force; the test sample is anchored firmly and cannot be unstuck in the testing process; and the device can be used conveniently and repeatedly.

The invention relates to the technical field of solenoid valve production, in particular to a solenoid valve coil assembly pin welding method and equipment. The equipment comprises a workpiece positioning seat, a material moving device, a first welding device, a coil assembly testing device, a second welding device, a material moving and overturning device and a turntable stamping detection device; the material moving device is arranged on one side of the workpiece positioning seat, and the first welding device, the coil assembly testing device and the second welding device are sequentially arranged on the other side of the workpiece positioning seat in the machining direction; and a second welding station is connected with one end of a material moving and overturning device, and the other end of the material moving and overturning device is connected with the feeding end of the turntable stamping detection device. Welding operation is divided into the first welding station and the second welding station, the welding efficiency is improved, welded workpieces directly enter the rotary disc stamping detection device to be stamped, and the production efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a method for producing a coupling segment (11) of a segmented flexible coupling (10), wherein an elastomeric body (2) is arranged between two metal connecting flanges (3, 4) and the elastomeric body (2) is integrally bonded by means of vulcanisation to the two connecting flanges (3, 4) to form a coupling body (1). In order to be able to produce such a segmented flexible coupling (10) at the lowest possible cost, according to the invention the coupling segment (11) is cut out of the coupling body (1) by means of water jet cutting, wherein the water jet cuts the elastomeric body (2) and at least one of the two connecting flanges (3, 4) simultaneously.

The invention provides an anti-seismic support variable in angle and an application method. The anti-seismic support variable in angle comprises a base, a vertical rod, a positioning slide rail, a rotary shaft, a rotatable nut, springs, a steel plate with a slide groove and round steel plates. The angle of the base and the vertical rod is changed through the rotary shaft, so that the vertical rod is kept to be vertical all the time. Damping is conducted through rubber arranged on the lower surface of the base, so that an upper system and staff work normally under small vibration. The safety of the upper system and the safety of the staff during large vibration are ensured through deformation and energy consumption of the springs. According to the anti-seismic support variable in angle and the application method, quick installing, adjusting and disassembling of the height of the base can be ensured, and meanwhile an upper frame body and the vertical rod are reliably and mechanically connected, so that the effect that the frame body and the base cannot be separated is ensured.

The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-counterfeit package and particularly relates to laser information positioning transfer paper and a preparation method thereof. The laser information positioning transfer paper comprises a paper layer, a digital information layer, a transfer layer, a laser information layer, a plating layer, a glue layer and a paper layer which are successively connected. The plating layer and a carrier are not separated due to a good bonding property, the laser information positioning transfer paper is suitable for packages of various models due to folding resistance of stiffness, different using demands are met due to a large-span base paper range, selectivity on printing ink by a conventional aluminum foil and PET film compound paper are avoided due togood printing ink absorption, the product has wide marketability as a result of plating layers of different colors and lusters and materials, the paper has a brand visual effect due to personal information, and the paper which meets the environmental protection property of trend of the times has a huge popularizing potential.

The invention discloses a graphene and silicon composite and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, nano-silicon with hydrogen on its surface is coated with metal nickel through chemical precipitation, graphene grows under in-situ catalysis at a lower temperature after a carbon source is utilized for carburization, the metal nickel is removed, and the graphene and silicon composite, in which the silicon is coated with multiple layers of graphene, is obtained. The preparation process is simple, convenient and easy, and does not need to be done under dangerous or high-temperature conditions, circulation and rate capability of silicon materials are improved by the prepared composite, and further development of silicon-based negative electrode materials is promoted.