110results about How to "Variation in characteristic" patented technology

A circuit for compensating for an offset voltage in a PhotoDetector Integrated Circuit (PDIC). The circuit includes a temperature detection unit, a current transfer unit and a current adjustment unit. The temperature detection unit generates a current that varies with variation in surrounding temperature. The current transfer unit transfers the generated current. The current adjustment unit adjusts the current transferred from the current transfer unit at a predetermined ratio and outputs the adjusted current.

A source-drain voltage of one of two transistors connected in series becomes quite small in a set operation (write signal), thus the set operation is performed to the other transistor. In an output operation, two transistors operate as a multi-gate transistor, therefore, a current value can be small in the output operation. In other words, a current can be large in the set operation. Therefore, the set operation can be performed rapidly without being easily influenced by an intersection capacitance and a wiring resistance which are parasitic on a wiring and the like. Further, an influence of variations between adjacent ones can be small as one same transistor is used in the set operation and the output operation.

Provided is an electro-optical apparatus including a first thin-film transistor having a first gate electrode, a first gate insulating layer and a first active layer, which are respectively formed of a conductive film, an insulating film and a semiconductor film, in a pixel region of a device substrate, the apparatus including: a second thin-film transistor having a first gate electrode formed of the conductive film, a second gate insulating layer formed by removing a portion of the insulating film in a thickness direction and a second active layer formed of the semiconductor film, in a region other than the pixel region of the device substrate.

A gate electrode is formed by forming a first conductive layer containing aluminum as its main component over a substrate, forming a second conductive layer made from a material different from that used for forming the first conductive layer over the first conductive layer; and patterning the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. Further, the first conductive layer includes one or more selected from carbon, chromium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, silicon, and nickel. And the second conductive layer includes one or more selected from chromium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, silicon, and nickel, or nitride of these materials.

In a circuit to drive driven elements such, as electro-optical elements, an electro-optical device has an element layer, a wire-forming layer, and an electronic component layer in order to suppress variation in characteristics of active elements. The element layer has a plurality of organic EL elements, each of which is arranged in a different position in a plane. The electronic component layer has pixel-driving IC chips. The respective pixel-driving IC chips include a plurality of pixel circuits, each of which drives each organic EL element corresponding to the pixel circuit. The wire-forming layer is positioned between the element layer and the electronic component layer. The wire-forming layer has wires to connect the respective pixel circuits included in the pixel-driving IC chips with the organic EL elements corresponding to the pixel circuits.

A light-emitting device includes a pixel having a transistor provided over a substrate, and a light-emitting element. The transistor includes a single-crystal semiconductor layer which forms a channel formation region, a silicon oxide layer is provided between the substrate and the single-crystal semiconductor layer, a source or a drain of the transistor is electrically connected to an electrode of the light-emitting element, and the transistor is operated in a saturation region when the light-emitting element emits light. Further, in the light-emitting device, a gray scale of the light-emitting element is displayed by changing a potential applied to the gate of the transistor.

A component box has a shape of a substantially flat plate, and is stacked along a direction UPR toward the ceiling of a vehicle with its center placed at a central portion of a casing for a battery pack. Cooling wind which has been used for air-conditioning inside the vehicle and supplied from a cooling fan to the battery pack is supplied to a coolant introducing space located on an upper side of a module, passes through a gap between adjacent battery groups to flow down to a lower side of the battery groups, and then is emitted from a coolant lead-out space located at a lower side of the module out of the battery pack. Since the component box is in contact with a cooling wind passage with the casing therebetween, the component box in contact with the cooling wind via the casing is cooled down simultaneously with the cooling of the module. Since the component box is placed with its center positioned at the central portion of the battery pack, variations in temperature among batteries can be suppressed.