The invention discloses a culture and cultivation method of Mituo melons and is realized by improving a culture method of the Mituo melons and regulating a corresponding cultivation method of Mituo melons. The culture method of the Mituo melons is realized through improving substrates, solid fertilizers and liquid fertilizers, wherein the substrates consist of furnace slag, saw dust, river sand and multi-micro composite mineral water, the solid fertilizers and adding ingredients of the solid fertilizers consist of solid fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and effective living bacteria, and the liquid fertilizers and adding ingredients of the liquid fertilizers consist of biogas slurry, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, carbon dioxide, fluorine, bromine, iron, strontium, lithium, boron, silicon, zinc and selenium. The culture and cultivation method has the advantages that the diffusion property of internal gas is improved, the oxygen content of the substrates is improved, aerobic microbes obtain absolute advantages, the basic control temperature is increased, the strong decomposition of organic matters is promoted, the respiration effect of the root system of the Mituo melons is improved, the plant growing development is promoted, and the phenomenon of temperature reduction caused by poor substrate ventilation performance, low oxygen content and absolute advantage taking by anaerobic microbes is avoided.