40results about How to "Realize full component utilization" patented technology

The invention relates to a method of extracting hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin from wood fiber raw materials and belongs to the field of utilization and technology of biomass resources of agriculture and forestry. In the method, the hemicellulose is extracted from the wood fiber raw materials by using hot water, then the lignin is extracted by using alkaline organic solvent under mild conditions; and residual ingredients rich in the cellulose are further used for enzyme hydrolysis to prepare fermentable sugar solution, thereby achieving full-ingredient utilization of the hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in the biomass resources of the agriculture and forestry. The method has simple process, and is environmentally friendly, the organic solvent can be recycled, thereby promoting the development of the green agriculture and forestry, and the method has wide social and economic benefits.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for inorganic salts in ammonia desulphurization waste liquor. The method comprises the following steps: adding activated carbon into the ammonia desulphurization waste liquor for decolorization, blending decolorization filter residues and coal for coking, adding the decolorized waste liquor and sulfuric acid into a reactor, adding an oxidizing agent for stirring, performing evaporation drying to obtain a pretreated salt mixture, extracting the pretreated salt mixture for many times to obtain ammonium thiocyanate solids and SO2 by virtue of liquid sulfur dioxide, and recycling SO2. According to the method, ammonium thiocyanate in the inorganic salt mixture is extracted by virtue of the liquid sulfur dioxide, and an extraction process is simple, high in efficiency and low in energy consumption.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for soot from a copper melting furnace. The method comprises the following steps: separating lead-copper and tin-arsenic-zinc-antimony in soot byhigh-temperature alkaline cooking; introducing hydrogen sulfide into the obtained filtrate to precipitate tin-arsenic-antimony, then continuously introducing hydrogen sulfide to participate zinc, dissolving zinc participates by adding sulfuric acid, and performing concentration and crystallization to obtain industrial pure zinc sulfate; adding lead-copper to a hydrochloric acid solution, then adding sodium chlorate, and cooling the obtained solution to obtain lead chloride filtering residues and copper chloride filtrate; adding tin-arsenic-antimony filtering residues to hydrochloric acid fordissolution so as to obtain an antimony-containing solution, extracting the antimony-containing solution by adding an extraction agent, then performing reverse extraction with p ammonia water, performing concentration and crystallization on the obtained stripping solution to obtain antimony chloride, adding the obtained fifth filtering residues to a sodium sulfide solution for reaction, and then performing filtering so as to obtain tin-containing filtrate arsenic sulfide residues. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the separation and recovery of valuable metals in the soot are achieved, the recovery rate is high and the product finally obtained has high purity; and meanwhile, most of by-products thereof are recovered, the cost is low and the process is short.

The invention discloses a straw microwave hydrothermal-based super-capacitor activated carbon electrode material preparation system. A microwave low-temperature acidic hydrothermal device comprises astraw bin, a pulverizer, a phosphoric acid liquid storage tank, a microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, a filter, a liquid product tank and a hydrothermal carbon storage tank. A high-temperature alkaline activation device comprises a potassium hydroxide storage tank, a first stirrer, a nitrogen cylinder, a tubular pyrolyzing furnace, a gas purification device, a gas storage tank, a hydrochloricacid tank, a clean water tank and an activated carbon storage tank. An electrode material preparation device comprises an acetylene black storage tank, an NMP storage tank, a PVDF storage tank, a second stirrer, a foamed nickel storage tank, a coater, a vacuum drier and a tablet press. By adopting the system, improvement is made on the production process of a biomass-based super-capacitor, all components of straw can be converted into clean energy and utilized, and the development and utilization of a high-performance super-capacitor can be achieved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a coating from biomass, the coating and a sizing material, and belongs to the field of biomass refining. The method for preparing the coating comprisesthe following steps: adding a certain amount of ethylene glycol and alkali into the biomass powder, uniformly mixing the components and carrying out ball milling in a ball mill to obtain the uniform and stable coating with favorable coating properties. The coating can be used as a paper coating, can also be used for architectural decoration, is completely composed of biomass, belongs to an environment-friendly material, and has very good resource utilization benefits and environmental benefits.

The invention discloses a slag modification reducer. The slag modification reducer is shaped like spherical particles with a particle diameter of 10-30 mm and comprises 100 parts by weight of a fusionagent, 5-24 parts by weight of a reduction agent, 8-18 parts by weight of a binder and 0-10 parts by weight of a fluxing agent. The invention also discloses a method for Fe recovery with slag waste heat. The method comprises the following steps: (a) during a course when slag is discharged from a smelting furnace and poured into a heat-preservation container, the slag modification reducer is addedinto a slag flow, and a modified reduction reaction takes place; and (b) after the slag completes the reaction with the modification reducer, solid slag in the heat-preservation container is crushed,and metal Fe particles and / or Fe ore concentrate powder are obtained through magnetic separation. The method aims at the fact that the slag contains a lot of waste heat and residual Fe resources, directly conducts high-temperature waste heat modification of the slag, adjusts chemical components and a smelting temperature of the slag, reduces reduction potential energy of Fe oxides and then uses amiddle-low temperature roasting temperature and a grinding-separation technology to realize efficiency recovery of Fe in the slag.

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoplastic plant fibers, and discloses a cationic grafting modified thermoplastic plant fiber material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of 1) pretreating plant fiber raw materials to obtain pretreated plant fibers; 2) in water, under the action of periodate, carrying out oxidation ring-opening reaction on the pretreated plant fibers to obtain aldehyde plant fibers; 3) oxidizing aldehyde groups in the aldehyde plant fibers into carboxyl groups to obtain carboxylated plant fibers; and 4) reacting the carboxylated plant fibers with quaternary ammonium salt in water to obtain the cationic grafting modified thermoplastic plant fiber material. The thermoplastic plant fiber material disclosed by the invention is a full-component plant fiber, has good fluidity and deformability, is good in thermoplasticity, is easy to process and form, can be repeatedly hot-pressed and formed, and is good in material performance. The method is simple, high in yield and low in cost.

The invention relates to a method for recovering metal lead from waste lead-containing glass and producing water glass. The method comprises: placing waste lead-containing glass, a flux, a reducing agent and a catalyst into a high-temperature reaction furnace according to a certain ratio, and carrying out a reaction to reduce out lead while produce molten residue; hydrolyzing the molten residue, and separating to obtain a hydrolyzing liquid and dissolving residue; adding a precipitant to the hydrolyzing liquid to precipitate out lead sulfide and obtain crude water glass; adding an acid solvent to the dissolving residue to neutralize; carrying out dissolving washing on the obtained acid dissolving residue by using the crude water glass again, and separating and recovering the final crude water glass and generating the tailing residue; adding a precipitant and a desulfurizing agent to the final crude water glass to prepare the refined water glass, and recovering the precipitated lead sulfide; and washing the tailing residue, and carrying out acid dissolving treatment again. According to the present invention, with the method, the metal lead can be recovered from the waste lead glass and the water glass can be produced; and the process is simple and is easy to performed, the solid waste emission does not exist, the utilization of the whole components of the lead-containing glass waste is achieved, and the economic benefits are significant.

The main components of wood fiber are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The wood fiber is a renewable resource formed by photosynthesis in nature. The utilization of good wood fibers has important significance. The invention discloses a preparation method of a taste-modifying soft capsule based on wood fiber all-component utilization. The method specifically comprises the following step of: performing fractional separation on three major components by adopting a green solvent deep eutectic solvent, wherein cellulose is prepared into nano cellulose to serve as a basic film-forming material of the capsule, xylose extracted from hemicellulose serves as a flavoring aid, and lignin is prepared into nano lignin to serve as a bonding and drug-loading material. According to the method, all components of wood fibers can be fully utilized, and the preparation of the taste-modifying soft capsule is realized. The method is of great significance to high value-added application of wood fibers in the field of medicine.

The invention discloses a lead sulfide cadmium sediment treatment method. Through the leaching reaction of sulfur dioxide under high pressure, sulfide is recycled and leached; carbon tetrachloride isadopted to dissolve sulfur obtained through extraction; the sulfur is dissolved into the carbon tetrachloride, so that the sulfur is extracted; the carbon tetrachloride and the sulfur are recycled through reduced pressure distillation; through cooling, lead chloride and cuprous chloride are precipitated; ammonium hydroxide is added, cuprous chloride is dissolved into the ammonium hydroxide, and the lead chloride is not dissolved, so that the lead chloride and the cuprous chloride are separated, and the cuprous chloride is obtained through ammonia distillation; and zinc powder is adopted for replacing residual solution, and due to different metal activity, nickel-cobalt-cadmium can be replaced into metal elements. According to the lead sulfide cadmium sediment treatment method provided by the invention, all components can be separated and recycle, so that the recycle rate is high; and the finally obtained product is high in purity, high in added value, less in environmental impact, andlow in cost.

The invention discloses a method for preparing sulfuric acid by treating semi-dry desulfurization ash and a high-sulfur iron material through a sintering process. According to the method, semi-dry desulfurization ash, a high-sulfur iron material, quick lime and solid fuel are proportioned, mixed and granulated to obtain a ball material, the ball material is sequentially subjected to material distribution, ignition and sintering, high-sulfur-dioxide-concentration flue gas generated in the middle of a sintering machine in the sintering process is used for preparing sulfuric acid, and meanwhile a sintered material is obtained. According to the method, all-component recycling of the semi-dry desulfurization ash and efficient utilization of the high-sulfur iron material are achieved, sulfur dioxide flue gas generated in the sintering process is concentrated in the middle of the sintering machine and used for preparing sulfuric acid, the content of sulfur dioxide in flue gas generated in other parts of the sintering machine is low, and the flue gas after acid making can meet the emission requirement after being denitrated.

The invention belongs to the field of materials and electric vehicle energy manufacturing, and relates to a preparation method of a graphene composite material used for manufacturing flywheel parts ofultra-high-speed flywheel batteries for electric vehicles. The graphene fiber composite material is prepared from carbocoal lignin generated by secondary catalytic hydrolysis reaction as a raw material by carbonization treatment, graphitization treatment, electrolytic oxidation treatment, wet spinning treatment, reduction treatment and wet winding treatment sequentially. The flywheel made of thegraphene fiber material has the characteristics of light weight, high tensile strength, long service life at high speed and the like, and a flywheel battery prepared from the graphene fiber material has the characteristics of being high in specific power, long in cycle life, quick to charge, maintenance-free and the like, and can be used as an energy source of an electric vehicle alone or as an auxiliary energy source, and is a high-end energy source of the electric vehicle.

The invention provides a biomass negative carbon emission power generation system and a working method thereof. The biomass negative carbon emission power generation system comprises a biomass power generation unit; a flue gas outlet of the biomass power generation unit is connected with an inlet of a flue gas pretreatment unit, and an outlet of the flue gas pretreatment unit is connected with a CO2 inlet of a carbon-dioxide-prepared carbon nanotube unit; a wastewater outlet of the biomass power generation unit is connected with an inlet of the water pretreatment unit, and an outlet of the water pretreatment unit is connected with a water inlet of an electrolytic hydrogen production unit; and a hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit is connected with an inlet of a hydrogen collection unit, and an outlet of the hydrogen collection unit is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the carbon dioxide-prepared carbon nanotube production unit. According to the system, emission of carbon dioxide can be effectively reduced, the biomass utilization rate is increased, the generated product has high economic value, and negative emission of CO2 is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for utilizing all components of artemisia selengensis straws. Waste artemisia selengensis straws are taken as raw materials and solvent extraction is combined with adsorbent resins for refining, so that high-purity phenolic acids and flavonoid matters can be extracted and separated; and meanwhile, the extracted residue is subjected to anaerobic digestion so as to prepare methane and then the residue after preparing methane is prepared into organic fertilizer. According to the method provided by the invention, the use value of the artemisia selengensis straw is increased and the method is easily industrial popularized.

The invention discloses a method for preparing functional grape seed nanosphere particles by using grape seeds, the method comprises the following steps: crushing grape seeds in residues after wine brewing, firstly extracting grape seed oil by petroleum ether-ultrasonic assistance through process optimization, then extracting procyanidine in the grape seeds by using ethanol, dissolving the grape seed lignin in a tetrahydrofuran aqueous solution (the normal temperature is about 25 DEG C, and heating is not needed), performing rotary evaporation precipitation and washing, and then preparing grape seed nanosphere particles with excellent morphology and high added value. The method is easy to operate and low in cost, the application value of the grape seed residues is effectively improved, all-component utilization of the grape seed residues is achieved, and the prepared nanosphere particles have high ultraviolet absorption capacity and certain oxidation-reduction capacity and are suitable for large-scale production. The nanosphere particles can be used as an efficient and natural raw material and have a huge application prospect in preparation of anti-ultraviolet coatings or protective articles and preparation of cosmetics and drug carriers.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for soot from a copper melting furnace. The method comprises the following steps: separating lead-copper and tin-arsenic-zinc-antimony in soot byhigh-temperature alkaline cooking; introducing hydrogen sulfide into the obtained filtrate to precipitate tin-arsenic-antimony, then continuously introducing hydrogen sulfide to participate zinc, dissolving zinc participates by adding sulfuric acid, and performing concentration and crystallization to obtain industrial pure zinc sulfate; adding lead-copper to a hydrochloric acid solution, then adding sodium chlorate, and cooling the obtained solution to obtain lead chloride filtering residues and copper chloride filtrate; adding tin-arsenic-antimony filtering residues to hydrochloric acid fordissolution so as to obtain an antimony-containing solution, extracting the antimony-containing solution by adding an extraction agent, then performing reverse extraction with p ammonia water, performing concentration and crystallization on the obtained stripping solution to obtain antimony chloride, adding the obtained fifth filtering residues to a sodium sulfide solution for reaction, and then performing filtering so as to obtain tin-containing filtrate arsenic sulfide residues. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the separation and recovery of valuable metals in the soot are achieved, the recovery rate is high and the product finally obtained has high purity; and meanwhile, most of by-products thereof are recovered, the cost is low and the process is short.

The invention discloses a method for extracting lignin from a fibrous ethanol fermentation residue as a raw material and coproducing a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding a potassium-containing alkaline aqueous solution into the fermentation residue for extracting the lignin, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid residueand an alkali extract; (2) adding a decomposing agent into the obtained solid residue for decomposing treatment; (3) adjusting the pH of the alkali extract to 2-6 by using a phosphorus-containing alkaline aqueous solution, performing solid-liquid separation, and washing and drying a solid phase to obtain the lignin; (4) drying a filtrate to obtain the phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer. Through gradient adjustment of the pH of the alkali extract, the fertilizer efficiency of the slow-release phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is controlled so as to meet needs of different crops onthe phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an antioxidant by using crop straws. The method comprises: (1) raw material treatment, (2) treatment with high-temperature liquid-state water, (3) precipitation of hydrolyzate, and (4) separation and drying of precipitated substance, wherein the hydrolyzate in an acid-resistant container is layered after the step (3), the upper layer is supernatant,the lower layer is a precipitated material, the supernatant is removed from the container, the precipitated material is retained at the bottom portion of the container, and the substance obtained through spray drying or freeze drying is the antioxidant. According to the present invention, corn, wheat, rice and other large-scale crop straws with rich source are used as raw materials, and the treatment is performed with the high-temperature liquid-state water with no chemical adding, such that the preparation process is environment-friendly, the production process is simple, and the practicalityis strong; and the antioxidant prepared by using method can significantly scavenge DPPH free radicals, has remarkable anti-oxidation ability, and can be used in the fields of feeds and polymer materials.

The invention discloses a method for utilizing all components of artemisia selengensis straws. Waste artemisia selengensis straws are taken as raw materials and solvent extraction is combined with adsorbent resins for refining, so that high-purity phenolic acids and flavonoid matters can be extracted and separated; and meanwhile, the extracted residue is subjected to anaerobic digestion so as to prepare methane and then the residue after preparing methane is prepared into organic fertilizer. According to the method provided by the invention, the use value of the artemisia selengensis straw is increased and the method is easily industrial popularized.

The invention discloses a biomass-based papermaking reinforcing agent prepared by taking agricultural residues as raw materials. A preparation method comprises the following steps: removing non-plant impurities in the agricultural residue raw materials, and treating the raw materials; carrying out autocatalytic hydrolysis treatment on agricultural residues obtained after material preparation to loosen the tissue structure of the raw materials; grinding a material obtained after autocatalysis treatment to enable the size of the material to reach a cellular level; carrying out biological enzyme treatment on the roughly ground material to further destroy the cell wall structure of the raw material; and carrying out micronization treatment on the material subjected to enzyme treatment to make cell walls microfibrillated so as to obtain a product that is the biomass-based reinforcing agent. In agricultural residues such as corncobs, rice husks, bagasse pith, sweet sorghum residue pith and corn straw pith, large-scale high-added-value utilization is not performed on most of the agricultural residues due to low fiber cell content, so that the problem of high-added-value conversion and utilization of the raw materials is solved, and a new way is provided for full utilization of the agricultural residues.

The invention discloses a method for producing butyric acid by utilizing the whole components of corn cobs. Using γ-valerolactone and 1,3-dimethylimidazole dimethyl phosphate ([Mmim]DMP) as solvents, corn cobs were pretreated, and water was used as anti-solvent to precipitate corn cobs, and the residue was obtained by suction filtration , using dried corn cob residue as substrate, cellulase for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain fermentable sugar; lignin extracted from the pretreatment solvent was precipitated with acid and used to prepare macropores for clostridium tyrobutyricum Calcium alginate-lignin microspheres, so that it can use fermentable sugar to ferment to produce butyric acid, and realize the comprehensive utilization of all components of corn cob. The present invention effectively utilizes the full-component fermentation of corncobs to produce butyric acid, and the combined use of [Mmim]DMP and γ-valerolactone greatly improves the pretreatment effect, enhances the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of corncobs, and obtains high yield The fermentable sugar of Clostridium tyrobutyricum was embedded in macroporous calcium alginate-lignin microspheres, and the production of butyric acid was also improved compared with free cells.

The invention discloses a method for preparing xylooligosaccharide from a biomass raw material and application of the xylooligosaccharide to preparation of a feed additive, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: removing impurities from the biomass raw material containing lignocellulose, crushing, adding water, uniformly mixing, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out subcritical hydrothermal hydrolysis reaction at 170-220 DEG C under the condition of homogeneous stirring, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the xylooligosaccharide. And after the reaction is finished, rapidly cooling to normal temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, collecting a hydrolysis mixed solution, and finally, carrying out post-treatment. The preparation of the xylooligosaccharide can be completed through a one-step subcritical hydrothermal hydrolysis reaction, and the particle size of the crushed biomass raw material and the subcritical hydrothermal hydrolysis reaction conditions are synergistically optimized, so that the yield of the xylooligosaccharide can be remarkably improved, and the generation of byproducts can be effectively reduced; the prepared xylooligosaccharide is rich in polysaccharide active ingredients, so that the utilization of the feed by animals can be effectively promoted; in the preparation process, the use of auxiliary materials such as maltodextrin, corn starch and beta-cyclodextrin is avoided, and the production cost can be remarkably reduced.

The invention provides a device and a method for preparing bioaviation fuel. The device comprises a biomass ketonization reaction system, a carbon chain elongation reaction system, a zeolite catalytic reaction system and an alkane and arene mixing system, wherein the biomass ketonization reaction system is used for catalytically converting biomass into ketones and other monofunctional compounds in an orientated manner, and separating the ketones from the other monofunctional compounds; the carbon chain elongation reaction system is used for converting the ketone platform compounds produced by the biomass ketonization reaction system into alkanes and cycloalkanes through aldol condensation, hydrogenation isomerism and other reactions; the zeolite catalytic reaction system is used for converting the other monofunctional compounds produced by the biomass ketonization reaction system into arenes through zeolite catalytic conversion; the alkane and arene mixing system is used for mixing the alkanes, the cycloalkanes and the arenes according to a certain ratio to obtain the final aviation fuel. With the method, full-component utilization of the biomass can be achieved, the aviation fuel containing the straight-chain alkanes, the cycloalkanes, the arenes and many other components can be prepared, and the ratio of the components is controllable; a novel way of converting the biomass into the aviation fuel is provided.

The invention relates to a rail car type anaerobic-aerobic combined fermentation and composting device, comprising a liquid storage tank, a sealed box-type casing, and an anaerobic fermentation device and an aerobic fermentation device located in the box-type casing; The box-type housing is provided with a mobile fermentation tank, and the mobile fermentation tank has the first and second working states located in the anaerobic fermentation device and the aerobic fermentation device; the anaerobic fermentation device is sealed, and the bottom is provided with a second A liquid storage tank with a spray head on the inner top; the aerobic fermentation device is provided with an odor outlet pipe and an air intake pipe extending from the outside of the box-type casing to the aerobic fermentation device; the bottom is provided with a second storage tank Liquid tank; the liquid outlets of the first and second liquid storage tanks are connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank, and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the spray head. The invention is suitable for high-efficiency clean composting treatment and high-efficiency utilization of all components of multiple wastes, and is especially suitable for comprehensive utilization of multiple wastes mainly in counties or villages.

The invention provides a black talc adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the black talc adsorbent comprises the following steps: 1) homogenization: crushing black talc raw ore to obtain an ultrafine and uniform powder raw material; 2) carbonization: calcining the powder raw material obtained in the step 1) under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a carbonized material; 3) activation: calcining and activating the carbonized material obtained in the step 2) under steam to obtain the black talc adsorbent. The black talc prepared through the preparation method serves as an adsorbent and has the high specific surface area and activity and good adsorption performance; meanwhile, the preparation method is simple in technological process and low in production cost, full-component utilization of the black talc is achieved, and the product adsorption performance is high.