The invention discloses a vertical cavity surface emitting laser comprising a substrate on which a base substrate, a bottom n-type DBR mirror, a first oxidation limiting layer, an n-type guiding spacer layer, an active region layer, a p-type gradual change spacer layer, a second oxidation limiting layer, a first spacer layer, a third oxidation limiting layer, a second spacer layer, a fourth oxidation limiting layer, a third spacer layer, a fifth oxidation limiting layer, a fourth spacer layer, a six oxidation limiting layer, a fifth spacer layer, a seventh oxidation limiting layer, a sixth spacer layer, an eighth oxidation limiting layer, a top p-type DBR mirror, a p-type contact layer, and a p-side electrode are successively disposed. An n-side electrode is disposed on a side of the substrate away from the base substrate. The vertical cavity surface emitting laser can stably achieve single-mode operation, is low in optical loss, low in power consumption and low in parasitic capacitance.