The invention discloses water-based single-component matte varnish, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-50 percent of water-based pure polyacrylic emulsion, 20-50 percent of self-extincted polyacrylic emulsion, 5-30 percent of water-based aliphatic polyurethane and mixture emulsion, 3-10 percent of film-forming auxiliary agent, 0.01-2 percent of defoaming agent, 0.01-2 percent of dispersing agent, 0-2percent of wetting agent, 0.01-2 percent of rheological auxiliary agent, 0.01-2 percent of wax auxiliary agent, 0.01-2 percent of hand-feeling auxiliary agent, 0.01-2 percent of thickening agent, 0.01-2 percent of pH regulator and 5-30 percent of water. The water-based single-component matte varnish has the advantages of high environment-friendly property, high fullness, high rigidity, high hand feeling, high construction property and high chemical resistance, and meanwhile, the self-extincted emulsion is adopted in the formula for extinction, so that the water resistance and the alcohol resistance of a varnish film are greatly enhanced, and the harsh requirements of partial customer services on the water resistance and the alcohol resistance are met.