The invention discloses a novel high-precision data acquisition system for electrical impedance imaging. The system is constructed by a main control module, a programmable current source, an electrode interface module, a voltage measurement module, a current detection module, a digital demodulation module, a communication interface module and the like. Excitation currents in an imaging target region are accurately controlled through the current detection module and the programmable current source, distribution differences are effectively suppressed through an electrode selection switch system in the electrode interface module, external disturbance is effectively blocked through an electrode wire double-shielding system in the electrode interface module, and related demodulation of response signals and excitation signals is achieved through the digital demodulation module. By the adoption of the high-precision data acquisition system, the influence of distribution parameters and external disturbance in the data acquisition system for electrical impedance imaging can be effectively suppressed, nonlinear errors of a measurement result are reduced, the signal to noise ratio of measured data is increased, the key problem that in the electrical impedance imaging research, data acquisition accuracy is difficultly further improved is solved, and the high-precision data acquisition system has important application value.