365results about How to "Constant gain" patented technology

A piezoelectric device for an ink jet print head that has a greater displacement at a low drive voltage. The ink-jet recording head includes a vibration plate, on which is mounted one or more piezoelectric devices that change the volumes of pressure chambers upon application of a voltage. The device is mounted at least on one face of a pressure chamber substrate that is to be filled with ink. Such piezoelectric device includes a second piezoelectric layer having a piezoelectric constant g of a constant value or higher; and a first piezoelectric layer having a dielectric constant of a specific value or higher. Since the piezoelectric constant d of the piezoelectric device correlates with the product of the largest piezoelectric constant g and the largest dielectric device of the piezoelectric devices, a piezoelectric constant d larger than in the conventional case, i.e., having a greater displacement, can be obtained.

An information processing apparatus includes a pressure detecting unit for detecting a magnitude of a contacting pressure of a contacted object with respect to an input device operated when physically contacted by the contacted object; and a changing unit for changing a display region displayed on a display device of predetermined information to be displayed on the display device according to an output signal output from the input device at a speed corresponding to the magnitude of the contacting pressure detected by the pressure detecting unit.

A drive control device of an unconnected motor capable of resolving power shortage and increasing motor output without using a boost circuit, and an electric power steering device using the unconnected motor. The drive control device comprises an unconnected motor (12) having a rotor in which permanent magnets are allocated and a stator opposing the rotor, in which armature winding Lu to Lw of a plurality (N number) of phases are independently arranged, a pair of inverter circuits (34a, 34b) individually connected to both ends of each armature winding, and a drive control circuit (15) which drives the pair of inverter circuits (34a, 34b) with a predetermined number (e.g. 2N) of PWM drive control signals.

The invention is related to methods and apparatus for controlling and adapting a digital predistortion linearizer for amplification of bandlimited signals using non-linear amplifiers. The control method advantageously permits the predistortion function applied by a predistortion entity to provide a relatively constant gain. This attribute is advantageous for operation within cellular radio systems, which often employ digital power control systems. However, the disclosed techniques can also be applicable to virtually any type of digital predistortion for which an input signal or reference signal to be amplified is predistorted in a manner that is complementary to the distortion induced by a non-linear amplifier. Embodiments of the invention advantageously enhance the practicality of using digital linearization and predistortion amplification techniques. Embodiments of the invention can automatically adjust the characteristics of a predistorted signal so that a deviation from overall linearity is compensated and subsequently reduced while maintaining a nearly constant gain attribute.

The present invention relates to an LED lamp in which, because the lamp has therein a heat dissipation transfer member and the power source base thereof is made of materials including polycarbonate, etc. with a high emission rate of radiation so as to enhance its surface heat dissipation constant, the power source base has sufficient heat dissipation performance and, thus, a separate insulation circuit is not necessary, thereby improving reliability and productivity of the lamp as well as reducing the cost of manufacturing.To this end, the present invention provides an LED lamp comprising one or more LEDs mounted on a PCB, a floodlight cover that transmits light from the LEDs, and a power source base coupled to the floodlight cover and having a terminal at one end thereof, wherein the power source base is made of an insulation material; and the LED lamp also comprises a heat dissipation transfer member that has a heat sink in contact with the PCB on which the LEDs are mounted, and is formed and installed so as to overlap with and be in tight contact with the inner face of either the power source base or the floodlight cover or both.

For a mobile fuel cell system a narrow-gap modular approach allows reforming to be performed in the same architecture as the fuel cell. A regenerative fuel cell operates much like a battery using electrical power to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The preferred mode of using the regenerative fuel cell is as a battery charger since this application is able to use a much smaller fuel cell than is required to power the vehicle. A novel equilibrating tank between the electrolysis oxygen and hydrogen tanks allows pressurized oxygen and hydrogen to be used without mechanical compression equipment.

An interconnection element and a method of forming an interconnection element. In one embodiment, the interconnection element includes a first structure and a second structure coupled to the first structure. The second structure coupled with the first material has a spring constant greater than the spring constant of the first structure alone. In one embodiment, the interconnection element is adapted to be coupled to an electronic component tracked as a conductive path from the electronic component. In one embodiment, the method includes forming a first (interconnection) structure coupled to a substrate to define a shape suitable as an interconnection in an integrated circuit environment and then coupling, such as by coating, a second (interconnection) structure to the first (interconnection) structure to form an interconnection element. Collectively, the first (interconnection) structure and the second (interconnection) structure have a spring constant greater than a spring constant of the first (interconnection) structure.

A pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) (30) with improved precision is disclosed. The pipelined ADC (30) includes a sequence of stages (20), each of which includes a sample-and-hold circuit (22), an analog-to-digital converter (23), and the functions of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) (25), an adder (24), and a gain stage (27) at which a residue signal (RES) is generated for application to the next stage (20) in the sequence. A multiplying DAC (28) performs the functions of the DAC (25), adder (24), and gain stage (27) in the stage (20), and is based on an operational amplifier (29). Sample capacitors (C10, C20) and reference capacitors (C122, C222) receive the analog input from the sample-and-hold circuit (22) in a sample phase; parallel capacitors (C121, C221) are provided to maintain constant circuit gain. Extended reference voltages (VREFPX, VREFNX) at levels that exceed the output range (V0+, V0−) of the operational amplifier (29) are applied to the reference capacitors, in response to the digital output of the analog-to-digital converter (23) in its stage (20). The reference capacitors (C12, C22) are scaled according to the extent to which the extended reference voltages (VREFPX, VREFNX) exceed the op amp output levels (V0+, V0−). The effects of noise on the reference voltages (VREFPX, VREFNX) on the residue signal (RES) are thus greatly reduced.

A system to provide enhanced computational efficiency in a simulation of particle transport through a medium, program product, and related methods are provided. The system can include a simulation data administrator server having access to an interaction database including records related to parameters describing interactions of particles in an absorbing medium to provide particle interaction parameters, and a simulated dose calculation computer in communication with the simulation data administrator server through a communications network. The system can also included simulated dose calculation program product stored in memory of the simulated dose calculation computer and including instructions that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform for each of a plurality of particles deliverable from a particle source the operations of providing parameters for a medium to perform a Monte Carlo simulation to develop a map of simulated absorbed dose in the medium, and artificially adjusting simulation particle fluxes to achieve a substantially constant variance throughout a depth of the medium.

An apparatus, system and method controls and interacts within an interaction volume within a height over the coordinate plane of a computer such as a computer screen, interactive whiteboard, horizontal interaction surface, video / web-conference system, document camera, rear-projection screen, digital signage surface, television screen or gaming device, to provide pointing, hovering, selecting, tapping, gesturing, scaling, drawing, writing and erasing, using one or more interacting objects, for example, fingers, hands, feet, and other objects, for example, pens, brushes, wipers and even more specialized tools. The apparatus and method be used together with, or even be integrated into, data projectors of all types and its fixtures / stands, and used together with flat screens to render display systems interactive. The apparatus has a single camera covering the interaction volume from either a very short distance or from a larger distance to determine the lateral positions and to capture the pose of the interacting object(s).

The present invention relates to composite materials with a high dielectric constant and high dielectric strength and to methods of producing the composite materials. The composite materials have high dielectric constants at a range of high frequencies and possess robust mechanical properties and strengths, such that they may be machined to a variety of configurations. The composite materials also have high dielectric strengths for operation in high power and high energy density systems. In one embodiment, the composite material is composed of a trimodal distribution of ceramic particles, including barium titanate, barium strontium titanate (BST), or combinations thereof and a polymer binder.

A piezoelectric thin film device includes an amorphous metal film disposed on a substrate and a piezoelectric film disposed on the amorphous metal. One of crystal axis of the piezoelectric film is aligned in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the amorphous metal.

A system level automatic gain control (“System AGC”) automatically initializes and controls analog microphone gain in an environment where multiple independent applications simultaneously receive an input from a single analog microphone or microphone array. In one embodiment, the System AGC also prevents those applications from acting to separately control the gain by intercepting external gain control commands and responding to the corresponding application with a corresponding digital gain applied to the input signal from the microphone. Consequently, the System AGC avoids problems relating to oscillations and instability in the microphone gain resulting from multiple applications trying to simultaneously control the gain while preventing each application from adversely affecting the quality of another application's audio capture signal. Further, in one embodiment, the System AGC also acts to maximize the signal to noise (SNR) ratio of the microphone without introducing clipping as a function of a sampled background environment.

A radio unit casing (401) for a portable radio unit with an integrated antenna array capable of operating in a satellite communication mode. The antenna array comprises a number of adjacent co-operating antenna array surfaces arranged to be conformaly integrated in the radio unit casing (401). The antenna array surfaces faces in a multitude of directions which gives the antenna array a wide scan volume. The surfaces of the antenna array comprise a number of interleaved transmit and receive antenna elements, e.g. circular formed patches, in multiplayer structure.

A system and method for canceling DC offset for Mobile Station Modems having direct conversion architectures. The present invention is a fast acquiring DC offset cancellation block that provides rapid and accurate DC offset estimates and cancellation techniques to support direct conversion architectures. The fast acquiring DC offset cancellation block combines four mechanisms to rapidly acquire and remove a DC offset estimate after power up, temperature changes, receiver frequency changes, and gain setting changes by increasing high pass loop bandwidth and adjusting DC offset levels at baseband. After removing the DC offset in large portions, the high pass loop bandwidth is decreased to fine tune the previous estimate and to remove any small variation in DC offset due to receiver self-mixing products.

The present invention is a Miniature Vein Enhancer that includes a Miniature Projection Head. The Miniature Projection Head may be operated in one of three modes, AFM, DBM, and RTM. The Miniature Projection Head of the present invention projects an image of the veins of a patient, which aids the practitioner in pinpointing a vein for an intravenous drip, blood test, and the like. The Miniature projection head may have a cavity for a power source or it may have a power source located in a body portion of the Miniature Vein Enhancer. The Miniature Vein Enhancer may be attached to one of several improved needle protectors, or the Miniature Vein Enhancer may be attached to a body similar to a flashlight for hand held use. The Miniature Vein Enhancer of the present invention may also be attached to a magnifying glass, a flat panel display, and the like.

The antiferromagnetic layer 4 is formed of the X-Mn alloy (X is an platinum group element) and the interface structure of with the pinned magnetic layer 3 is made to be non-coherent by properly adjusting the composition ratio of X. Consequently, the crystal structure of the antiferromagnetic layer 4 is transformed so as to obtain a large exchange anisotropic magnetic field by subjecting the layer to a heat treatment, making it possible to improve the reproduction characteristic over the conventional art.

A liquid lens includes a segmented electrode that allows the simultaneous application of different potentials across the lens's meniscus to obtain a predetermined aberration correction condition and to adjust focal length as necessary to conform to the topography of the object being scanned. The lens also includes a gas plenum interfacing with one of the liquids of the lens to allow for volume changes in the lens cell due to temperature variations. This combination of features produces a liquid-lens cell capable of maintaining substantially constant transverse magnification and diffraction-limited image quality over a useful range of focal length. As such, the lens is particularly suitable for incorporation in an array of micro-objectives used in a scanning microscope.

An electrostatic capacitive touch-sensitive panel has an active area; a touch electrode forming area; a routing wire forming area disposed; a plurality of first touch electrode lines disposed in the active area, with both ends extending to a plurality of electrode pattern extension regions; a plurality of second touch electrode lines disposed in the active area to cross the first direction so as to cross the first touch electrode lines without contact; a plurality of first routing wires connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines, respectively; and a plurality of second routing wires connected to the plurality of second touch electrode lines, respectively. Each of the second touch electrode lines includes a plurality of second touch electrode patterns and a plurality of second connecting portions connecting neighboring second touch electrode patterns. The second touch electrode pattern has an asymmetrical portion.

A resonant converter includes a primary switching circuit having a primary winding and a primary switching stage configured to drive the primary winding; a secondary resonant circuit having a secondary winding magnetically coupled to the primary winding, a resonance capacitor connected in parallel to the secondary winding, and first and second secondary inductors respectively coupled between an output terminal of the converter and respective terminals of the resonance capacitor; a rectification stage connected in parallel with the resonance capacitor, and having first and second switches coupled to form a half-bridge; and a feedback command circuit. The command circuit is configured to receive feedback signals representing an output voltage and an output current at the output terminal of the resonant converter, receive voltages at the terminals of the resonance capacitor, and turn on / off, independently with respect to each other, the switches of the rectification stage and the primary switching stage.

PCT No. PCT / DE96 / 01529 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 17, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 17, 1998 PCT Filed Aug. 19, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 07422 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 27, 1997An endoscope includes a shaft receiving at least a pair of the lens groups movable jointly to provide focusing of an image upon actuation of an adjusting wheel and adapted to be disengaged to have displacement of one of the pair of lens groups relative to the other lens group for adjusting a magnification of the image.

To, even when a transmission wavelength varies in each ONU and an optical amplifier gain depends on the wavelength in an OLT equipped with an optical amplifier, prevent the optical amplifier gain from varying in every ONU and thus prevent deterioration of a dynamic range. The OLT estimates a transmission wavelength of each ONU at the time of ONU registration, and retains a correspondence between an ONU identifier and the transmission wavelength. Moreover, for every burst, an injection current to the optical amplifier is adjusted based on a wavelength and optical amplifier characteristic database.

An apparatus including one or more reader circuits, one or more writer circuits, and a loopback channel. The one or more reader circuits may be configured to read data from a magnetic medium. The one or more writer circuits may be configured to write data to the magnetic medium. The loopback channel is coupled between the one or more reader circuits and the one or more writer circuits.

Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are cheaper to manufacture, control and test than other types of optical amplifier such as erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). However, SOAs are non-linear in the respect that the gain of an SOA is not constant for different input or output signal powers. This is a significant problem because cross-talk between channels occurs as a result. It is known that the gain of SOAs can be clamped by integrating a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) with the SOA such that their active regions are shared. The present invention enables the physical length of such devices to be increased in such a manner that the saturation output power is increased whist retaining the gain clamping effect. This is achieved by using two or more contact points on the device at which different drive currents are applied.

An exchange coupling film including an antiferromagnetic layer and a ferromagnetic layer in contact with the antiferromagnetic layer so as to generate an exchange coupling magnetic field is provided. A PtMn alloy is used as the material of the antiferromagnetic layer. Crystal planes of the antiferromagnetic layer and the ferromagnetic layer preferentially aligned parallel to the interface are crystallographically identical and crystallographically identical axes lying in these crystal planes are oriented, at least partly, in different directions between the antiferromagnetic layer and the ferromagnetic layer. Thus, a proper order transformation occurs in the antiferromagnetic layer as a result of heat treatment and an increased exchange coupling magnetic field can be obtained.

A DRAM capable of realizing reduced power consumption, high-speed operation, and high reliability is provided. A gate electrode configuring a memory cell transistor of the DRAM is composed of an n-type polysilicon film and a W (tungsten) film stacked thereon. A part of the polysilicon film is embedded in a trench formed in a silicon substrate in order to elongate the effective channel length of the memory cell transistor. The other part of the polysilicon film is located above the trench, and an upper surface thereof is located above a surface of the silicon substrate (p-type well). Therefore, distances between the W film and a source and drain (n-type semiconductor regions) are ensured.

This invention relates in general to methods and systems of rapid focusing and zooming for the applications in the projection of volumetric 3D images and in the imaging of 3D objects. Rapid variable focusing or zooming is achieved by rapid and repeated change of the object distance or the spacing between lens groups of the projection lens or a combination of both. One preferred approach inserts thin wedge prisms into the optical path and changes their positions relative to the optical path. This changes the thickness traveled through by the optical path and results in effective optical path length change. Another approach folds an optical path by mirrors and moves the mirrors to change the optical path length. For focusing purpose, small and precise displacement is achieved by moving a wedge-shaped optical device obliquely with respect to the optical path. The wedge-shaped optical device can be a thin wedge prism or a mirror on a wedge-shaped base. Optical layout analysis shows that the changes of the object distance, of the spacing between two lens groups and of the image distance are almost in proportion and can be correlated by linear relations. Therefore, the same type of motion function can be used to change these three optical path lengths to achieve focusing and constant magnification.