371results about "Heat treatments" patented technology

A porous inorganic composite oxide containing oxides of aluminum and of cerium and / or zirconium, and, optionally, oxides of one or more dopants selected from transition metals, rare earths, and mixtures thereof, and having a specific surface area, in m2 / g, after calcining at 1100° C. for 5 hours, of ≧0.8235[Al]+11.157 and a total pore volume, in cm3 / g, after calcining at 900° C. for 2 hours, of ≧0.0097[Al]+0.0647, wherein [Al] is the amount of oxides of aluminum, expressed as pbw Al2O3 per 100 pbw of the composite oxide; a catalyst containing one or more noble metals dispersed on the porous inorganic composite oxide; and a method for making the porous inorganic composite oxide.

Methods for making carbon materials are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the method can include combining one or more polymer precursors with one or more liquids to produce a mixture. The mixture can be an emulsion, dispersion, or a suspension. The liquid can include hexane, pentane, cyclopentane, benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, diethyl ether, ethylmethylketone, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, mineral oils, paraffin oils, vegetable derived oils, or any mixture thereof. The method can also include aging the mixture at a temperature and time sufficient for the polymer precursor to react and form polymer gel particles having a volume average particle size (Dv,50) of the polymer particles in gel form greater than or equal to 1 mm. The method can also include heating the polymer gel particles to produce a carbon material.

Disclosed are a reaction chamber for manufacturing a carbon nanotube, an apparatus for manufacturing a carbon nanotube and a system for manufacturing a carbon nanotube. The reaction chamber includes a reaction furnace, a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a heat transfer member. The reaction furnace has a box structure for receiving a substrate wherein the reaction furnace provides a space for forming the carbon nanotube on the substrate. The gas inlet having a through-hole structure formed at a first portion of the reaction furnace and the gas outlet has a through-hole structure formed at a second portion of the reaction furnace. The heat transfer member has at least one rectangular through-hole structure formed at a third portion of the reaction furnace along a direction substantially in parallel to the substrate. The apparatus includes the reaction furnace, a gas supply member, a gas exhausting member and a heating member. The system includes the apparatus and a transfer apparatus.

A catalyst for the preparation of dimethyl carbonate from urea and methanol having a composition on weight base of: active component of from 20 to 50 wt %, and carrier of from 80 to 50 wt %, and prepared by equal-volume spraying and impregnating method is disclosed. The method for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate can be carried out in a catalytic rectification reactor, said method comprising: (1) dissolving urea in methanol to form a methanol solution of urea; and (2) feeding the methanol solution of urea and methanol counter-currently into the reaction zone, wherein the reaction is carried out at conditions including reaction temperature of from 120° C. to 250° C., reaction pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 5 MPa, kettle bottom temperature of from 70° C. to 210° C., stripping section temperature of from 70° C. to 250° C., rectifying section temperature of from 70° C. to 280° C., and reflux ratio of from 1:1 to 20:1. The preparation of the catalyst according to the present invention is simple and has good repeatability, and the catalyst could further enhance the yield of DMC as well as conversion of urea in the catalytic rectification reactor.

Methods for making carbon materials are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the method can include combining one or more polymer precursors with one or more liquids to produce a mixture. The mixture can be an emulsion, dispersion, or a suspension. The liquid can include hexane, pentane, cyclopentane, benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, diethyl ether, ethylmethylketone, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, mineral oils, paraffin oils, vegetable derived oils, or any mixture thereof. The method can also include aging the mixture at a temperature and time sufficient for the polymer precursor to react and form polymer gel particles having a volume average particle size (Dv,50) of the polymer particles in gel form greater than or equal to 1 mm. The method can also include heating the polymer gel particles to produce a carbon material.

A promoted calcium-alumina supported reforming catalyst that is particularly useful for reforming reactions where low H2 / CO ratio synthesis gas, such as less than 2.3 is generated directly is disclosed. The catalyst comprises alumina, from about 0.3 wt % to about 35 wt % calcium oxide, from about 0.1 wt % to about 35 wt % of a strontium promoter, and from about 0.5 wt % to about 30 wt % nickel. The support is prepared by a method wherein the calcium oxide is combined with the alumina to form aluminum-rich calcium aluminates.

Disclosed herein are a manufacturing method of a carbon-silicon composite, the manufacturing method including: (a) preparing a silicon-carbon-polymer matrix slurry including a silicon slurry, carbon particles, a monomer of polymer, and a cross-linking agent; (b) performing a heat treatment process on the silicon-carbon-polymer matrix slurry to manufacture a silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix; (c) pulverizing the silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix to manufacture a silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix structure; and (d) mixing the silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix structure with a first carbon raw material and performing a carbonization process to manufacture a carbon-silicon composite, the carbon-silicon composite, an anode for a secondary battery manufactured by applying the carbon-silicon composite, and a secondary battery including the anode for a secondary battery.

The present invention relates to production of non-metal mineral powder, and is especially the preparation process of nano superfine tourmaline powder. The technological process includes the steps of: coarse crushing ore, airflow crushing, post-treatment, wet ball milling, spray drying, eliminating agglomeration of powder, and packing. The main technological prameters include calcining temperature of initially crushed powder in air of 300-800 deg.c, calcining time of 2-4 hr to obtain tourmaline powder in different colors, and ball milling period of 36-72 hr. Compared with available technology, the present invention has obviously reduced agglomeration of tourmaline powder, raised crushing efficiency, powder size reduced to 15-60 nm, obviously raised negative ion generating capacity, various color of the powder and wide application range.

A method for continuously growing carbon nanotubes may include providing a melt comprising carbon and a catalyst at a temperature between about 1,200 degrees Celsius and about 2,500 degrees Celsius, selecting a carbon nanotube seed having at least one of a semiconductor electrical property and a metallic electrical property from a plurality of carbon nanotube seeds, contacting the selected carbon nanotube seed to a surface of the melt, and moving the selected carbon nanotube seed away from the surface of the melt at a rate operable to continuously grow a carbon nanotube, and continuously growing the carbon nanotube having the selected electrical property. Method for continuously growing a graphene sheet, and apparatus for continuously growing carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets are also disclosed.

Tube furnaces for pyrolyzing or sintering are large in axial heat radiation, nonuniform in hearth temperature and low in machining amount. The invention discloses an environment-friendly automatic-temperature-control quartz tube furnace device for pyrolysis of high polymer, wherein the environment-friendly automatic-temperature-control quartz tube furnace device comprises a quartz glass tube furnace, a sample stand, a heat-isolation ventilation assembly, a fireproof heat-insulation furnace body, an automatic-heating temperature control device, a safety protection device and a tail gas treatment device. Different from other tube furnaces, the quartz tube furnace device is characterized in that a furnace body structure is improved by taking heat insulation measures additionally for inner and outer ports of a hearth, the axial-radial ratio of the tube furnace is high up to 12.5, resistance wires are arranged in a nonuniform winding manner and are arranged densely at the ports and sparsely in the middle, in addition, a safety protection bag and a tail gas purification column are arranged, and the furnace is internally vacuumized and is introduced with nitrogen. The environment-friendly automatic-temperature-control quartz tube furnace device disclosed by the invention is simple in equipment, low in investment, good in gas tightness, high in vacuum degree, convenient for heating as well as temperature measuring and controlling, and good in heat insulation effect, and is safe, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and an intra-furnace pyrolysis region is long and uniform in temperature, so that pyrolysis and doping reaction effects are good, and the processing amount is large. The environment-friendly automatic-temperature-control quartz tube furnace device can also be applied to other high-temperature reaction processes.

Provided is a method for preparing a vanadia-titania catalyst, comprising: vaporizing a titanium precursor; conveying the vaporized titanium precursor to a reaction unit together with an oxygen supplying source; reacting the vaporized titanium precursor conveyed to the reaction unit with the oxygen supplying source to produce titania particles; condensing the titania particles, collecting and recovering them; mixing the recovered titania particles with a vanadium precursor solution; drying the mixture of the titania particles with the vanadium precursor solution; and calcining the dried mixture under oxygen atmosphere or air. Provided also is a vanadia-titania catalyst obtained by the method. The vanadia-titania catalyst has a large specific surface area, uniform and fine nano-scaled size, and high dispersibility, thereby providing excellent nitrogen oxide removal efficiency, particularly in a low temperature range of 200° C.-250° C.

The synthetic amorphous silica powder of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a synthetic amorphous silica powder obtained by applying a spheroidizing treatment to a silica powder, and by subsequently cleaning and drying it so that the synthetic amorphous silica powder has an average particle diameter D50 of 10 to 2,000 μm; wherein the synthetic amorphous silica powder has: a quotient of 1.00 to 1.35 obtained by dividing a BET specific surface area of the powder by a theoretical specific surface area calculated from the average particle diameter D50; a real density of 2.10 to 2.20 g / cm3; an intra-particulate porosity of 0 to 0.05; a circularity of 0.75 to 1.00; and an unmolten ratio of 0.00 to 0.25.