480 results about "Volcanic ash" patented technology

A method of conversion of a water-based mud to a gel-based LCM quickly to control lost circulation in a lost circulation zone in a wellbore during continuous drilling with a drilling mud, the drilling mud comprises a volcanic ash, water, a de-foamer, a pH buffer, and a polymer. The method comprises the steps of entering the lost circulation zone, determining a lost circulation volumetric flow rate, metering a first amount of a binder into the drilling mud to create a binder containing mud, pumping the binder containing drilling mud into the wellbore, and suspending metering of the first amount of the binder to the drilling mud after a pre-defined regulating period of time effective to permit the binder containing drilling mud to create a gel-based LCM operable to alter the lost circulation zone.

This invention relates to filterable composite adsorbents comprising one or more adsorbent components and one or more filtration components, and methods for preparing and using same. More particularly, this invention pertains to filterable composite adsorbents and filterable composite adsorbent products which are suitable for use in filtration applications, and which comprise one or more microparticulate or colloidal adsorbent components selected from the group consisting of silica gel, fumed silica, neutral clay, alkaline clay, zeolite, solid catalyst, alumina, adsorbent polymer, alkaline earth silicate hydrate, and combinations thereof, which bear the property of adsorption, which are intimately bound to one or more functional filtration components selected from the group consisting of biogenic silica (e.g., diatomite, rice hull ash, sponge spicules), natural glass (e.g., expanded perlite, pumice, expanded pumice, pumicite, expanded obsidian, expanded volcanic ash), buoyant glass, buoyant polymer, cellulose, and combinations thereof, which bear a distinguishing porous and intricate structure and buoyancy suitable for filtration.

A rapidly dehydrating lost circulation material (LCM) composition is provided. The LCM composition may include a carrier fluid, volcanic ash, a viscosifier, and date tree rachis fibers. The carrier fluid may be water and the viscosifier may be a cellulosic microfiber. The LCM composition may form a rapidly dehydrating loss control slurry (RDLCS). The LCM composition may be formed by mixing the carrier fluid, the volcanic ash, the viscosifier, and the date tree rachis fibers in a mixer to form a homogenous mixture. Methods of lost circulation control and manufacture of a rapidly dehydrating LCM are also provided.

A CO2 control device and method for capturing CO2 from fluid flow, including: a flow-through apparatus and an CO2 absorbing filter treated with an alkaline material which is housed within the flow-through apparatus. The flow-through apparatus receives fluid flow and the CO2 from the fluid flow is absorbed by the CO2 absorbing filter. The absorbed CO2 is converted into CaCO3 which is combined with volcanic ash to form a useful cement material.

The invention discloses a method for preparing electrolytic manganese slag ecological cement, and belongs to the field of building materials and environment protection. The cement is characterized by consisting of calcined electrolytic manganese slag, blast furnace slag, a clinker, gypsum and an additive. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing the electrolytic manganese slag and then calcining the crushed slag at the temperature of between 500 and 900 DEG C, wherein the activity of the slag is increased to be close to that of fly ash from zero activity of volcanic ash; and grinding the blast furnace slag, the clinker, the fly ash or steel slag, the gypsum and the additive together or respectively according to a certain proportion and uniformly mixing the materials to prepare the electrolytic manganese slag ecological cement, wherein the amount of the calcined electrolytic manganese slag in the mixture is 10 to 50 percent. The method has the advantages of circularly utilizing a great amount of accumulated electrolytic manganese slag on a large scale and relieving serious damage of the electrolytic manganese slag to the environment, along with simple process, high product quality, low production cost and high economic, environmental and social benefit.

The present invention provides a method of producing a blended cement capable of meeting ASTM C-595 and C-1157 standards. The blended cement of the present invention contains portland cement clinker, calcium sulfate and volcanic ash. The volcanic ash utilized by the present invention has been subjected to heat in the range of between 800.degree. F. and 1300.degree. F. and contains between 40% and 45% hollow spheres unable to pass #325 sieve. The portland cement clinker, calcium sulfate and volcanic ash are interground to an ultimate blaine fineness of between 350 m.sup.2 / kg and 500 m.sup.2 / kg to produce a blended cement capable of subsequent admixing with class C fly ash to produce synergistic effects. Specifically, the addition of class C fly ash to the blended cement containing interground volcanic ash, portland cement clinker, and calcium sulfate is capable of producing an ultimate blended cement exhibiting improved sulfate resistance, improved workability, reduced permeability with regard to chlorides and sulfates, improved resistance to ASR and elimination of delayed ettringite formation.

This invention relates to filterable composite adsorbents comprising one or more adsorbent components and one or more filtration components, and methods for preparing and using same. More particularly, this invention pertains to filterable composite adsorbents and filterable composite adsorbent products which are suitable for use in filtration applications, and which comprise one or more microparticulate or colloidal adsorbent components selected from the group consisting of silica gel, fumed silica, neutral clay, alkaline clay, zeolite, solid catalyst, alumina, adsorbent polymer, alkaline earth silicate hydrate, and combinations thereof, which bear the property of adsorption, which are intimately bound to one or more functional filtration components selected from the group consisting of biogenic silica (e.g., diatomite, rice hull ash, sponge spicules), natural glass (e.g., expanded perlite, pumice, expanded pumice, pumicite, expanded obsidian, expanded volcanic ash), buoyant glass, buoyant polymer, cellulose, and combinations thereof, which bear a distinguishing porous and intricate structure and buoyancy suitable for filtration.

The invention discloses a seawater corrosion resisting mineral additive for concrete, and a preparation method thereof. The seawater corrosion resisting mineral additive for concrete comprises components of, by weight: 15 to 40% of calcium sulphoaluminate mineral, 10 to 40% of anhydrite, 10 to 30% of calcined diatomite, 10 to 30% of natural volcanic ash, 5 to 25% of quartz powder, and 2 to 8% of an auxiliary agent. The seawater corrosion resisting mineral additive provided by the invention has good corrosion resisting capacities against corrosion media such as Na2SO4, NaCl, and MgSO4. The corrosion resisting coefficient is higher than 0.9. Therefore, the mineral additive can be used for preparing high-strength high-performance seawater corrosion resisting concrete, or underwater concrete placed in corrosion media. The mineral additive can also be used in water conservancy and hydropower projects for improving the corrosion medium resisting performances of buildings, wherein in the corrosion media comprise sulfate, chloridion, and the like. With the mineral additive, cracks of buildings can be reduced or eliminated, and the service lives of the buildings can be prolonged.

Onboard systems and methods for early detection that an aircraft is approaching a volcanic (ash) plume or a gas plume having a concentration of a volcanic gas which would be toxic to humans. The detection method generally comprises the steps of measuring the concentration of one or more volcanic gases in air circulating in a space inside an aircraft and generating an alarm when one or more measured volcanic gas concentrations exceed a respective user-specified threshold or when a pattern of volcanic gas concentration is recognized with a user-specified confidence level. These systems are configured so that the alarm indicates the proximity of dangerous levels of either a volcanic gas or of volcanic ash. In particular, the detection system utilizes the air circulating through an aircraft cabin or cockpit to enable use of low-cost, carry-on electronic devices.

The invention relates to an experimental method and an experimental device for determinating volcanic gas-water relative permeability. Through experimental steps of preparing a volcanic core, measuring permeability and porosity of a rock sample gas, exerting a confining pressure and performing rock sample gas water displacement, a relative permeability curve when gas saturation increases and water saturation decreases in the volcanic core is determinated by a non-steady-state method.

This invention relates to a formulation with the addition of low density additives of volcanic ash, hollow ceramic microspheres or a combination of microspheres and volcanic ash or other low density additives into cementitious cellulose fiber reinforced building materials. This formulation is advantageously lightweight or low density compared as compared to current fiber cement products without the increased moisture expansion and freeze-thaw degradation usually associated with the addition of lightweight inorganic materials to fiber cement mixes. The low density additives also give the material improved thermal dimensional stability.

The invention discloses an ore tailings ceramsite air brick and a preparation method thereof. The ore tailings ceramsite air brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of slate, 30-50 parts of coal gangue, 15-20 parts of building rubbish, 10-15 parts of modified loess, 8-12 parts of quicklime powder, 15-25 parts of ore tailings, 5-10 parts of rice husk, 8-12 parts of barite, 10-15 parts of limestone, 5-10 parts of volcanic ash, 3-6 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 2-4 parts of calcium sulfate whisker and a defined amount of water. According to the invention, ore tailings are taken as the main raw material to prepare ceramsite to produce the air brick, which not only reduces a great amount of cultivated land occupied by accumulated iron ore tailings and environment pollution, but also improves the heat-insulating property and mechanical strength of the air brick. The air brick provided by the invention has the advantages of high strength, low density, good heat-insulating property, anti-seismic property and weatherability, environmental friendliness, energy conservation and the like and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

The invention is a rice hull burning device and the nano structural SiO2 rice hull ashes produced by it, and the device includes a burning container, where the bottom board is distributed with many small hole, the inside of the container is distributed with heat exchange water pipes, it regulates the distribution density of these water pipes to control the burning temperature under 600 deg.C in the rice hulls, thus able to ensure the produced rice hull ashes are nano structural rice hull ashes, using the produced heat energy in burning course, and simultaneously solving the problem of limitation to the bulk of a rice hull pile; the produced nano structural SiO2 rice hull ashes contain many about 50 nm-sized SiO2 particles loosely bound together and many holes, where the content of SiO2 exceeds 90%, and has superhigh activity of volcanic ash and strong reinforcement action on ordinary concrete and high-strength concrete, and when the quantity of replacing the cement is 5-20%, can heighten the pressive strength of high-strength concrete by above 10MPa.

The invention discloses an aminosilane-modified ecological nano cementing material and a preparation method thereof. According to the aminosilane-modified ecological nano cementing material, the ratio of water to ash is 0.15-0.35; except the water, the cementing material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35%-55% of cement, 3%-11% of an ecological nano material, 10%-20% of limestone powder, 30%-40% of flyash, 0.013%-0.024% of an aminosilane modification agent and 0.2%-2% of a water reducer. The ecological nano material silicon powder is pre-dispersed, so that the dispersibility of the ecological nano material in a cement-based material is greatly improved; the micro-aggregate effect, the filling effect and the volcanic ash effect of the ecological nano material are more fully exerted; the properties such as microstructure, the physical and mechanical properties and the durability and the like of the cementing material are more effectively improved.

Volcanic ash, which becomes airborne during a volcanic eruption, can be deposited more than a thousand miles from the eruption site. Currently, many volcanic ash deposits are virtually unused. The method and product of the present invention converts this unused volcanic ash material, as well as furnace expanded volcanic ash, or the ash expanded and crushed, into a relatively dust free product with numerous new end applications.

Onboard systems and methods for detection of airborne volcanic ash. One or more cameras are added to an aircraft. Each camera is configured to view a volume of air illuminated by a standard aircraft light, such as a strobe warning light (e.g., located on a wing tip) or a forward-facing landing light (e.g., located in the nose). Each camera is connected to a data processor. When diffuse volcanic ash is present, it scatters light transmitted from the standard aircraft light. Each camera converts impinging backscattered light into digital data which is sent to the processor. The processor processes the data from the camera or cameras to derive a measurement of the backscattered light and issues an alert when the amount and type of backscatter are compatible with the presence of volcanic ash.

The invention relates the tunnel flame-resistant plate, comprising the following steps: using magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide as binder, using porcelain clay, volcanic ash, tabular spar, diatom earth and aluminium silicate as main material, using organic and inorganic compound salt as modified contaminant, using fortifying fiber (glass fiber) as reinforced materials, stirring, extrusion forming, and getting high-strength material.

Onboard systems and methods for early detection that an aircraft has flown into a volcanic ash plume embedded within a water vapor cloud having a concentration of a volcanic ash which would be dangerous to an aircraft. The detection method generally comprises the steps of measuring the infrared emission characteristics of a jet engine exhaust and generating a detection signal when the intensity of infrared emissions at or near a spectral peak wavelength exceeds a threshold.

Drilling mud compositions and related methods are provided as embodiments of the present invention. The drilling mud compositions are water-based and contain volcanic ash. The compositions and methods of the present invention provide improved properties relative to tolerance of high salt content, cement, lime, and temperatures.

An object of the present invention is to provide a device which detects matter suspended in air, represented by, for example, ice crystals, volcanic ash, in the forward direction of the flight of an aircraft. A method of detecting matter suspended in air of this invention is characterized in that, in airborne Doppler LIDAR using laser light, components of matter subjected to laser light reflection and scattering are remotely measured on a basis of an angular difference in planes of polarization of transmitted light which is laser light radiated into the atmosphere, and received light scattered by matter suspended in air in a remote region.

The invention discloses a composite admixture for improving durability of common concrete by improving gradation. The composite admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-250 parts of fly ash, 200-350 parts of limestone powder, 50-250 parts of slag powder, 50-250 parts of ceramic powder, 50-250 parts of volcanic ash and 0-50 parts of gypsum. By improving the gradation of the fly ash, the limestone powder, the slag powder, the ceramic powder and the volcanic ash, proper fluidity can be provided for the concrete, the porosity is reduced, the compactness of a system can be improved, and the use amount of water can be reduced, so that the durability of the concrete is further improved. Physical / chemical super-superposition effects can be generated through compounding and excitation of various admixtures, and the comprehensive effect of the mineral admixtures is superior to the sum of the individual use of the mineral admixtures. By using the mineral admixture compounded according to a proper proportion, the pore structure of the concrete is improved, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the durability of the concrete is improved.

A rapidly dehydrating lost circulation material (LCM) composition is provided. The LCM composition may include a carrier fluid, volcanic ash, a viscosifier, and date tree rachis fibers. The carrier fluid may be water and the viscosifier may be a cellulosic microfiber. The LCM composition may form a rapidly dehydrating loss control slurry (RDLCS). The LCM composition may be formed by mixing the carrier fluid, the volcanic ash, the viscosifier, and the date tree rachis fibers in a mixer to form a homogenous mixture. Methods of lost circulation control and manufacture of a rapidly dehydrating LCM are also provided.

The invention relates to high-performance modified asphalt. The high-performance modified asphalt is prepared from the following ingredients: asphalt, thermoplastic rubber, glue powder, an additive and a stabilizer, wherein the asphalt is heavy-traffic-road petroleum asphalt or cycloalkyl petroleum asphalt, the thermoplastic rubber is styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS) or styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), the glue powder is rubber powder which is formed through grinding waste and old tires prepared through normal temperature methods, the additive is volcanic ash or silicon powder or fly ash, and the stabilizer is rosin or rosin resin. The high-performance modified asphalt has better high-temperature stability, the softening point capable of reaching above 80 DEG C, better low-temperature stability, the brittle point being below -30 DEG C, relatively high elasticity, the elasticity recovery reaching over 90% and better adhesivity reaching over the level IV. The waste of energy and resources is reduced through using industrial and domestic wastes as much as possible, so that the preparation method has the advantages of energy saving, emission reduction, simple production process and low cost.

The invention relates to radix pseudostellariae cultivating soil with DDGS as the raw material. The radix pseudostellariae cultivating soil is prepared from, by mass, 50-60% of DDGS, 20-30% of volcanic ash powder, 5-10% of pine bark and the balance bran. According to the radix pseudostellariae cultivating soil with the DDGS as the raw material, on one hand, recycling and utilization of alcohol lees are facilitated; on the other hand, due to the fact that the DDGS is rich in crude protein, crude fibers, crude fat and mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and selenium, and rich nutrition can promote growth of radix pseudostellariae and raise the effective ingredient content of the radix pseudostellariae; meanwhile, the four types of raw materials are matched and used, acidity and alkalinity and porosity can be integrated, cultivating soil maintains loose, and thus a lot of work in the excavation process through a traditional radix pseudostellariae plantation technology can be omitted.

A method of optically determining the presence of volcanic ash within a cloud comprises emitting a circularly polarized illuminating beam within a cloud and analyzing backscatter light to identify the presence of volcanic ash within the cloud. The method further includes determining the degree to which the cloud has altered the polarization state of the emitted beam. The index of refraction of the backscatter light and the opacity of the backscatter light are also analyzed.

The invention discloses permeable concrete. The permeable concrete is prepared from, by weight, 250-300 parts of cement, 10-15 parts of coal ash, 6.32-9.68 parts of volcanic ash, 18-25 parts of carbide slag, 15-24 parts of quartz sand, 2.2-5.3 parts of triethanolamine, 1.3-2.7 parts of sodium sulfate, 2.5-3.6 parts of a water reducing agent, 0.8-1.7 parts of a retarder, 3.2-4.8 parts of a foaming agent and 30-35 parts of water. The permeable concrete is good in construction workability, large in porosity, good in water permeability, good in abrasive resistance, high in compressive strength and bending strength and good in anti-frost property.

This invention relates to volcanic ash sensing techniques for aircraft, and to related sensing apparatus and methods. We thus describe a volcanic ash sensor for an aircraft, the sensor comprising: an electrically conducting ash charge collection device; an electrically insulating support for mounting said collection device in an air duct; and a charge measurement system having an input electrically coupled to said ash charge collection device; wherein said electrically conducting ash charge collection device is configured such that an air flow over said ash charge collection device is a turbulent flow; and wherein said charge measurement system is configured to determine a level of charge in said ash charge collection device to determine the presence of volcanic ash in said air flow.

The invention discloses a method using electrolytic manganese slag to manufacture an active mixed material. According to the preparation method, an activator and a reducing agent are added into electrolytic manganese slag according to a certain ratio so as to carry out physical and chemical reactions at a high temperature; the reaction products are calcined, and finally the calcined clinker is cooled to obtain the active mixed material. The active mixed material has the properties of volcanic ash, and can be used as the active mixing material in cement industry and composite blending material in commercial concrete industry. A large amount of acid leached slag discharged by electrolytic manganese plants can be used to produce the active mixed material, the environmental pollution generated by harmful components in electrolytic manganese slag is radically eliminated, the clean production of electrolytic manganese can be realized, the pollution is comprehensively controlled, and high economic benefit and environment protection benefit are generated.