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2119 results about "Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride" patented technology

Hydroxylamine was first prepared as hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 1865 by the German chemist Wilhelm Clemens Lossen (1838-1906); he reacted tin and hydrochloric acid in the presence of ethyl nitrate.

Oligonucleotides comprising a non-phosphate backbone linkage

One aspect of the present invention relates to a ribonucleoside substituted with a phosphonamidite group at the 3′-position. In certain embodiments, the phosphonamidite is an alkyl phosphonamidite. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a double-stranded oligonucleotide comprising at least one non-phosphate linkage. Representative non-phosphate linkages include phosphonate, hydroxylamine, hydroxylhydrazinyl, amide, and carbamate linkages. In certain embodiments, the non-phosphate linkage is a phosphonate linkage. In certain embodiments, a non-phosphate linkage occurs in only one strand. In certain embodiments, a non-phosphate linkage occurs in both strands. In certain embodiments, a ligand is bound to one of the oligonucleotide strands comprising the double-stranded oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, a ligand is bound to both of the oligonucleotide strands comprising the double-stranded oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, the oligonucleotide strands comprise at least one modified sugar moiety. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a single-stranded oligonucleotide comprising at least one non-phosphate linkage. Representative non-phosphate linkages include phosphonate, hydroxylamine, hydroxylhydrazinyl, amide, and carbamate linkages. In certain embodiments, the non-phosphate linkage is a phosphonate linkage. In certain embodiments, a ligand is bound to the oligonucleotide strand. In certain embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises at least one modified sugar moiety.
Owner:ALNYLAM PHARM INC

Post clean treatment

A composition for removal of chemical residues from metal or dielectric surfaces or for chemical mechanical polishing of a copper or aluminum surface is an aqueous solution with a pH between about 3.5 and about 7. The composition contains a monofunctional, difunctional or trifunctional organic acid and a buffering amount of a quaternary amine, ammonium hydroxide, hydroxylamine, hydroxylamine salt, hydrazine or hydrazine salt base. A method in accordance with the invention for removal of chemical residues from a metal or dielectric surface comprises contacting the metal or dielectric surface with the above composition for a time sufficient to remove the chemical residues. A method in accordance with the invention for chemical mechanical polishing of a copper or aluminum surface comprises applying the above composition to the copper or aluminum surface, and polishing the surface in the presence of the composition.
Owner:DUPONT AIR PRODS NANOMATERIALS

Polyester and polyamide compositions of low residual aldehyde content

A mixture of a polyester, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) PET, or a polyamide, and a suitable stabilizer selected from the group consisting of hydroxylamine stabilizers, substituted hydroxylamine stabilizers, nitrone stabilizers and amine oxide stabilizers, when extrusion compounded exhibits a lower residual acetaldehyde content than does polyester or polyamide alone when similarly treated. The invention pertains to any polyester or polyamide used in the manufacture of molded articles, fibers or films, for instance bottles or containers which are used to store consumer materials, for example food, beverages and water.
Owner:CIBA SPECIALTY CHEM CORP

Synthesis of several metal selenides and tellurides as semiconductor material

InactiveCN1384047AOvercome the problems of high temperature, highly toxic raw materials, complicated process, etc.Low reaction temperatureSemiconductor/solid-state device manufacturingBinary selenium/tellurium compoundsSemiconductor materialsHydroxylamine
By using the soluble salt of transition metalz Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Sb and Bi, selenious acid or its solutl salt, or antimonous acid or its soluble salt as raw material, and hydrazine hydrate, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, hydroxylamine or hydrazine sulfate as reductant, and through hydrothermal reduction reaction at 100-200 deg.c in a sealed container for 2 hr to 5 days, selenides or tellurides of the said metals as semiconductor material may be synthesized. Unlike available synthesis process, which needs high temperature, toxic feedstock and complex technological course, the present invention has the advantages of low-cost material, simple apparatus, easy control, good technological reproducibility, stable product quality, etc.
Owner:TSINGHUA UNIV

Flame retardant coatings

InactiveUS20060079612A1CoatingsPolyesterCardboard
Provided are flame retardant coating compositions and articles coated therewith, which compositions comprise (A) a coating and (B) an effective flame retarding amount of a mixture of (i) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the (a) sterically hindered nitroxyl stabilizers, (b) sterically hindered hydroxylamine stabilizers and (c) sterically hindered alkoxyamine stabilizers and (ii) at least one conventional flame retardant selected from the group consisting of (d) organohalogen flame retardants, (e) organophosphorus flame retardants, (f) isocyanurate flame retardants and (g) melamine based flame retardants. The coated articles are for example iron, steel, stainless steel, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals, wood, plywood, paper, cardboard, chip board, particle board, plastics, thermoplastics, epoxies, neoprene, rubber, composites, fiberglass reinforced composites, polyesters, polymeric foam, masonry, fabric or textiles, wire and cable constructions and circuit boards.
Owner:TROUTMAN MALISA +3

Preparing method for RRAM to avoid forming phenomenon using CuxO as storage medium

InactiveCN101051670AAvoid forming phenomenonElectrical apparatusHydroxylamineHydroxylamine Hydrochloride
In RRAM procedure of preparing storage medium of CuxO according to conventional technique, and after storage medium of CuxO film is completed, the method makes the CuxO film contact the stable solution of containing hydroxylamine component for 10-30 minutes to reduce CuO component in thin film to Cu2O. Thus, before use, the device does not need of a voltage activation process with voltage higher than voltage higher of normal operation, i.e. preventing forming phenomena.
Owner:FUDAN UNIV

Flame retardant compositions

InactiveUS20040198875A1HydroxylaminePolyolefin
Organic polymeric substrates, for example polyolefins such as polypropylene, can be made flame retardant by the incorporation of a synergistic mixture of (i.) a sterically hindered amine of the nitroxyl, hydroxylamine, alkoxyamine or hydroxyalkoxyamine class, and (ii.) a fluorinated polyolefin. Advantageously, a further flame retardant may be added, without the need of adding an antimony synergist. The compositions of the invention combine good flame retardant properties with light stability and good mechanical properties.
Owner:CIBA SPECIALTY CHEM CORP

Polymer inhibition of vinyl aromatic monomers using a quinone methide/alkyl hydroxylamine combination

The invention provides a composition of matter and a method of its use in preventing unwanted polymerization reactions. The composition comprises an inhibitor and a retarder. The inhibitor is highly effective. The retarder is reliable under extreme and emergency situations. The inhibitor can be an alkylhydroxylamine. The retarder can be a 7-cyano-quinone methide. The combination of the inhibitor and retarder has been found to be far more effective than expected.
Owner:ECOLAB USA INC

Method of preparing polyhydroxy annular nitrone

ActiveCN101058557AEasy to manufactureEfficient and high-volume preparationOrganic chemistryHydroxylamine HydrochlorideAldehyde
The invention discloses a preparing method of annular polyhydroxy nitriketone with structure as formula I, which comprises the following steps: 1) reacting hemiacetal as formula II and O-methyl hydroxylamine hydrochlorate under alkaline condition; obtaining methyl oxime ether with structure as formula III; 2) reacting the methyl oxime ether with structure as formula III and methane sulfonyl chlo-ride to produce methanesulfonates with structure as formula IV; 3) releasing aldehydo of methanesulfonates as formula IV under acid condition; obtaining the aldehydo as formula V; 4) acting the aldehydo as formula V and hydroxylamine hydrochlorate under alkaline condition; obtaining the product (R1, R2 and R3 is alkyl, alkenyl, aromatic radical or substituted aryl).
Owner:INST OF CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Fenton and Fenton-like system fortifier and using method thereof

The invention provides a Fenton and Fenton-like system fortifier and a using method thereof, which relate to a water treating fortifier and a using method thereof and overcomes the defects that the pH value of the Fenton and Fenton-like system reaction water body is limited, the adding amount of Fe<2+> is overhigh in the Fenton reaction, and the reaction speed is low in Fenton-like reaction. The fortifier is selected from ascorbic acid, sodium sulfite, lithium sulfite, potassium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, calcium sulfite, hydroxylamine, hydroxyl-ammonium perchlorate, hydroxylamine sulfate, hydrazine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, carbohydrazide, ethanolamine, a hydroxylamine solution or N,N,N',N'-tetra substituted phenylenediamines. The using method has the following steps of: adding the Fenton and Fenton-like system fortifier, fortificated chemicals and peroxide into the treated water body; and then, uniformly stirring to react. The fortifier can accelerate the reaction of water treatment and decrease the using amount of the fortificated chemicals.
Owner:HARBIN INST OF TECH

Method of stripping resists from substrates using hydroxylamine and alkanolamine

A method for removing a resist from a substrate comprising contacting a substrate having a resist coating present thereon with a composition comprising hydroxylamine and at least one alkanolamine which is miscible with hydroxylamine is described. Optionally, the composition may comprise one or more polar solvents. The method is especially suitable for removing a photoresist from a substrate during the manufacture of semiconductor integrated circuits and for removing cured polymer coatings, such as polyimide coatings.
Owner:EKC TECH

Cleaning compositions for removing etching residue and method of using

An etching residue remover for cleaning etching residue from a substrate, derived from a mixture of at least hydroxylamine, an alkanolamine which is miscible with said hydroxylamine, water, and, optionally, a chelating agent, wherein the hydroxylamine and the alkanolamine are present in amounts sufficient to clean etching residue from the substrate.
Owner:EKC TECH

Preparation method of azilsartan

The invention relates to a preparation method of azilsartan, comprising the following steps of: (1) preparing ethoxybenzimidazole-7-methyl carboxylate; (2) preparing 2-cyan-4'-bromomethyl biphenyl; (3) dissolving the ethoxybenzimidazole-7-methyl carboxylate and the 2-cyan-4'-bromomethyl biphenyl into ethanol; adding potassium carbonate to react to obtain 1-[(2'-cyan diphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-2-ethoxybenzimidazole-7-methyl carboxylate; (4) suspending the 1-[(2'-cyan diphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-2-ethoxybenzimidazole-7-methyl carboxylate in water; adding hydroxylamine hydrochloride, sodium hydroxide and tetrabutylammonium fluoride; heating and reflowing, and then cooling; adding the sodium hydroxide and ethyl chloroformate, heating and reflowing to obtain azilsartan methyl ester; and (5) hydrolyzing the azilsartan methyl ester to obtain a product. The preparation method of the azilsartan, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of being short in process route, high in yield, and safe and reliable; and the purity of the azilsartan obtained by using the method is high.
Owner:WENZHOU PEOPLES HOSPITAL

Method for quickly starting oxygen-poor ammonia oxidizing biofilter

The invention relates to a method for quickly starting an oxygen-poor ammonia oxidizing biofilter, and relates to a method for biological denitrification of waste water, which comprises the following steps of: (1) inoculating an anaerobic denitrification biomembrane biofilter, and after a denitrification biomembrane is cultured, converting the anaerobic denitrification biomembrane biofilter into an oxygen-poor environment for cultivating oxygen-poor ammonia oxidizing bacteria; (2) taking inorganic carbon NaHCO3 as a carbon source, taking NH4Cl as a nitrogen source of ammonia nitrogen, taking NaNO2 as the nitrogen source of nitrite nitrogen, taking KH2PO4 as a phosphorus source, and controlling the pH value to be alkalescent, wherein the concentration is low-matrix, and the temperature is room temperature; adding hydroxylamine, and inducing and inoculating sludge to be converted towards an oxygen-poor ammonia oxidizing biomembrane; and (3) taking the biofilter as a reactor, and taking ceramsite as filter materials. In the method, the oxygen-poor ammonia oxidizing bacteria are applied to the sewage denitrifying technology to realize the shortest denitrification of nitrogen, so the problems of a large number of required carbon sources and neutralizers, large energy consumption and large sludge producing amount in the conventional biological denitrifying technology are solved.
Owner:SHENYANG JIANZHU UNIVERSITY

Cleaning compositions containing hydroxylamine derivatives and processes using same for residue removal

The present invention is directed to resist and etching residue removing compositions containing at least one nucleophilic amine compound possessing reduction and oxidation potentials, a two-carbon atom linkage alkanolamine compound, and optionally water and / or one or more corrosion inhibitors. The compositions may be substantially free of hydroxylamine, polar organic solvents, water, corrosion inhibitors, or a combination thereof. The compositions are useful in processes for removing resists and etching residue from metal or metal alloy substrates or substrate layers used in micro-circuitry fabrication.
Owner:EKC TECH

6-aliphatic hydrocarbon amido hexyl hydroximic acid collecting agent and preparation and application methods thereof

ActiveCN103301952AImprove flotation recoveryAchieve high flotation separationFlotationReaction temperatureCarboxylic acid
A structural formula of a 6-aliphatic hydrocarbon amido hexyl hydroximic acid collecting agent is represented by a formula (I), wherein R represents C2-C18 aliphatic hydrocarbon group. The preparation method comprises the steps as follows: caprolactam and hydroxylamine hydrochloride or hydroxylamine sulphate are taken as raw materials, methylbenzene is taken as a solvent, the reaction temperature ranges from 80 DEG C to 110 DEG C, the reaction lasts for 1-4 hours, and 6-amino hexyl hydroximic acid is generated; 6-amino hexyl hydroximic acid reacts with C2-C18 fat carboxylic acid at the reaction temperature ranging from 100 DEG C to 160 DEG C for 1-4 hours to generate 6-aliphatic hydrocarbon amido hexyl hydroximic acid, and the product yield can be higher than 91%; and 6-aliphatic hydrocarbon amido hexyl hydroximic acid used in flotation of scheelite, wolframite, tombarthite ore, tin ore, bauxite, titanic iron ore or fluorite ore is taken as the collecting agent, so that the flotation recovery rate can be increased by 3%-10%.
Owner:CENT SOUTH UNIV

Premixed liquid monopropellant solutions and mixtures

InactiveUS6984273B1Requirement is not sufficientLow toxicityExplosivesHydroxylamineDetonation
Nondetonable, or low detonation sensitivity, substantially nontoxic liquid monopropellants are provided. The liquid propellants are formed from aqueous solutions of solid oxidizers in liquid oxidizers and water soluble liquid fuels and formulated to have a freezing point less than −10° C. Liquid oxidizers may be inorganic or organic aqueous solutions, with hydrogen peroxide being preferred. Preferred solid oxidizers are water soluble nitrates including ammonium dinitramide, aminoguanidine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate, hydroxylamine nitrate, hydrazine nitrate, guanidine nitrate and aminoguanidine nitrate. Preferred liquid fuels are water soluble alcohols, amines and amine nitrates, hydroxyethyl hydrazine, hydroxyethylhydrazine nitrate, cyanoguanidine, guanidines, aminoguanidines, triaminoguanidines, and their nitrate salts, ethanolamine dinitrate, ethylenediamine dinitrate, polyvinyl nitrate, and aziridine.
Owner:AEROJET GENERAL CORP

Semiconductor process residue removal composition and process

A residue remover for removing polymeric material and etch residue includes 2-(2-aminoethylamino)-ethanol and optionally another two-carbon atom linkage alkanolamine compound, gallic acid or catechol, water, a polar organic solvent, and hydroxylamine. A process for removing photoresist or other residue from a substrate, such as an integrated circuit semiconductor wafer including titanium metallurgy, includes the steps of contacting the substrate with the above composition for a time and at a temperature sufficient to remove the photoresist or other residue from the substrate. Use of 2-(2-aminoethylamino)-ethanol in the composition and process provides superior residue removal without attacking titanium or other metallurgy on the substrate. The composition preferably has a flash point greater than about 130° C.
Owner:EKC TECH

Method for inhibiting amine degradation during c02 capture from a gas stream

The present application includes a method for inhibiting amine degradation during CO2 capture from flue gas streams. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method of inhibiting O2- and / or SO2-induced degradation of amines using sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate (KNaC4H4O6.4H2O), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or hydroxylamine (NH2OH), or analogs or mixtures thereof during CO2 capture by amines.
Owner:UNIVERSITY OF REGINA

Preparation method of azilsartan intermediate

The invention relates to the technical field of azilsartan intermediate preparation method. According to the invention, a compound 1-[(2'-cyanobiphenyl-4-group)methyl]-2-ethoxy benzimidazole-7-methyl carboxylate is subject to a reaction with an aqueous solution of hydroxylamine, such that the intermediate is prepared. In prior arts, amide impurities with an amount equal to that of the products are generated. With the method provided by the invention, the impurities are greatly reduced, such that the yield is increased. In prior arts, the reaction time is 48 hours, and yet a small amount of raw materials is not reacted. With the method provided by the invention, the reaction time is 24 hours, and the reaction is sufficiently carried out, such that the efficiency is improved. In a post-processing process, complicated steps of acid extraction and alkali ionization are not required. When the reaction id finished, the materials are cooled, and the target product can be precipitated directly.
Owner:SHANGHAI INST OF PHARMA IND

Nitrite bacteria growth promoter and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a nitrite bacteria growth promoter including the components: 40-100 parts by weight, preferably 50-80 parts by weight, of metal salts; 5-30 parts by weight, preferably 10-20 parts by weight, of an amine substance; 0.05-1.5 parts by weight, preferably 0.1-1.0 part by weight, of organic acid hydroxylamine; and 10-40 parts by weight, preferably 20-30 parts by weight, of Na2SO3; the metal salts comprise a calcium salt, a magnesium salt, a ferrous salt and a copper salt, and the molar ratio of Ca<2+> to Mg<2+> to Fe<2+> to Cu<2+> is (5-15) to (5-25) to (1-8) to (0.5-5), preferably (8-12) to (10-20) to (2-6) to (1-4). The promoter has the advantages of simple formula and easy preparation, can be used in the cultivation process of nitrite bacteria, can also be directly added into a sewage treatment system, accelerates starting of short-cut nitrification-denitrification and short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation processes and achieves stable operation.
Owner:CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1

Device and method for realizing partial short-range nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation by adding hydroxylamine

The invention discloses a device and a method for realizing partial short-range nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation by adding hydroxylamine, and belongs to the field of urban domestic sewage biological treatment. For two-stage partial short-range nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation, the stable operation of the short-range nitrification is crucial to a process; the short-range nitrification is very difficult to start and maintain stably only through process parameter control; a very good nitrite accumulating effect can be achieved by adding the hydroxylamine in the patent; partial short-range nitrification reactors can be started and high nitrite accumulation can be maintained within a short time. The hydroxylamine serves as an intermediate product in a nitrifying process, is a reducing agent of ammonia monooxygenase and a stimulating agent of AOB (Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria) and can improve the cell yield of the AOB; meanwhile, the hydroxylamine is an inhibiting agent of NOB (Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria) and can elutriate the NOB. Compared with a conventional denitrogenation process, a partial short-range nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process can save aeration quantity and carbon source, and is particularly suitable for urban domestic sewage with low C / N.
Owner:BEIJING UNIV OF TECH

Nitrite bacterium culture promoter and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a nitrite bacterium culture promoter, which consists of metal salts, polyamine substances, organic acid hydroxylamine and Na2SO3, wherein in parts by weight, the content of the metal salts is 40-100 parts by weight, preferably 50-80 parts by weight; the content of the polyamine substances is 5-30 parts by weight, preferably 10-20 parts by weight; the content of the organic acid hydroxylamine is 0.05-1.5 parts by weight, preferably 0.1-1.0 part by weight; and the content of the Na2SO3 is 10-40 parts by weight, preferably 20-30 parts by weight; the metal salts include calcium salt, ferrous salt and copper salt; and the molar ratio of Ca<2+> to Fe<2+> to Cu<2+> is (5-15) to (1-8) to (0.5-5), and preferably (8-12) to (2-6) to (1-4). The promoter is simple in formula and easy for preparing; and the promoter can be applied to the culture process of the nitrite bacteria and the promoter can be also directly added to a sewage treatment system, so that the starting of partial nitrification-denitrification and partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation processes is accelerated and the stable running of the processes is achieved.
Owner:CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1

Synthetic method of 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-dioxo hydroxyl ammonium salt (TKX-50)

The invention provides a method for preparing 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-dioxo hydroxyl ammonium salt (TKX-50), and belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis. The method comprises the steps as follows: step one, glyoxime is prepared, and the yield is 62%; step two, a product obtained in the step one is dissolved in water and concentrated hydrochloric acid, chlorine is introduced at the temperature of 0 DEG C for a reaction for a period of time, and dichloroglyoxime is obtained; and finally, a product obtained in the step two is dissolved in a solvent, and the product and sodium azide have a reaction at the temperature of 0 DEG C for a period of time; after that, the mixture is transferred into diethy ether, and sealed for a reaction at the room temperature overnight after HCl is introduced for a period of time; and after diethyl ether and most HCl gas are volatilized, pH of an aqueous NaOH solution is regulated to be about 8, reflux cooling is performed, filtered and separated solids are dissolved in hydroxylamine hydrochloride to have a reaction for a period of time, and TKX-50 is obtained. According to the method, glyoxal is adopted as a raw material, water is adopted as a solvent for preparation of dichloroglyoxime in the step two, and only direct filtration is required in postprocessing, so that the tedious purification process is prevented, and the cost is reduced; and besides, a target product TKX-50 is synthetized through three steps of reactions, the total yield is up to 34%, the reaction condition is mild, the operation is simple and convenient, and the industrialization is easy to realize.
Owner:BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY

F-18 peptides for pre targeted positron emission tomography imaging

F-18 radiolabeled peptides are prepared by reacting a peptide comprising a hydroxylamine, a thiosemicarbazide, a hydrazine or a free amine group with 4-[18F]Fluorobenzaledyde. Specific, non-limiting examples of F-18 radiolabeled peptides are described herein. The labeled peptides are useful, for example, in clinical positron emission tomography.
Owner:IMMUNOMEDICS INC

Preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded metal monoatomic catalyst

The invention provides a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded metal monoatomic catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: soluble metal salt, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, a soluble carbon source, water and ethanol are mixed to obtain a mixed solution, the mixed solution is subjected to drying precipitation to obtain a catalyst precursor, and the catalyst precursor is subjected to calcining to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded metal monoatomic catalyst. According to the invention, metal salt, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the carbon source are fullymixed in the solution, the materials are dried and calcined, the carbon source is subjected to carbonization, ammonium ions are decomposed in nitrogen-doped carbon, the metal atoms are loaded at thenitrogen-doped carbon, the method is simple, and the cost is low.
Owner:TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Preparation method of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid salt

The invention discloses a preparation method of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid salt. The method comprises the steps of adding alkaline into a methanol solution of a hydroxylamine salt under a stirring condition, then, adding organic carboxylic acid methyl ester to react, distilling to recover methanol after the reaction is ended to obtain a product hydroxamic acid salt; or cooling a reaction system after the reaction is ended, adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the reaction system, and distilling to recover methanol to obtain hydroxamic acid. The method can be used for greatly increasing the yield of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid salt; methanol as a solvent can be recycled, so that wastewater is prevented from being generated; in addition, the preparation method is wild in reaction condition and beneficial to industrial production.
Owner:岳阳中科华昂精细化工科技有限公司

Oligonucleotides comprising a non-phosphate backbone linkage

One aspect of the present invention relates to a ribonucleoside substituted with a phosphonamidite group at the 3′-position. In certain embodiments, the phosphonamidite is an alkyl phosphonamidite. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a double-stranded oligonucleotide comprising at least one non-phosphate linkage. Representative non-phosphate linkages include phosphonate, hydroxylamine, hydroxylhydrazinyl, amide, and carbamate linkages. In certain embodiments, the non-phosphate linkage is a phosphonate linkage. In certain embodiments, a non-phosphate linkage occurs in only one strand. In certain embodiments, a non-phosphate linkage occurs in both strands. In certain embodiments, a ligand is bound to one of the oligonucleotide strands comprising the double-stranded oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, a ligand is bound to both of the oligonucleotide strands comprising the double-stranded oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, the oligonucleotide strands comprise at least one modified sugar moiety. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a single-stranded oligonucleotide comprising at least one non-phosphate linkage. Representative non-phosphate linkages include phosphonate, hydroxylamine, hydroxylhydrazinyl, amide, and carbamate linkages. In certain embodiments, the non-phosphate linkage is a phosphonate linkage. In certain embodiments, a ligand is bound to the oligonucleotide strand. In certain embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises at least one modified sugar moiety.
Owner:ALNYLAM PHARMA INC

Nitrifying bacterium culture promoter as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a nitrifying bacterium culture promoter, which consists of metal salts, polyamine substances and organic acid hydroxylamine, wherein in parts by weight, the content of the metal salts is 40-100 parts by weight, preferably 50-80 parts by weight; the content of the polyamine substances is 5-30 parts by weight, preferably 10-20 parts by weight; and the content of the organic acid hydroxylamine is 0.5-15 parts by weight, preferably 2-10 part by weight; the metal salts include calcium salt, magnesium salt, ferrous salt and copper salt; and the molar ratio of Ca<2+> to Mg<2+> to Fe<2+> to Cu<2+> is (5-15) to (5-25) to (1-8) to (0.5-5), and preferably (8-12) to (10-20) to (2-6) to (1-4). The promoter is simple in formula and easy for preparing; and the promoter can be applied to the culture process of the nitrifying bacteria and the promoter can be also directly added to a sewage treatment system, so that the rapid growth and reproduction of nitrifying bacteria can be achieved within a short time; and the cultured nitrifying bacteria are high in activity and strong in impact resistance.
Owner:CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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