The invention provides a method capable of rapidly selecting and screening surfactant petroleum hydrocarbon degradation pure bacterial strain from oil soil. According to the method capable of rapidly selecting and screening the surfactant hydrocarbon degradation bacteria on the surface of forming material, the oil soil is collected from an oil field and added into a hydrocarbon degradation culture medium with the amount of 5%, wherein crude oil of the hydrocarbon degradation culture medium is a sole carbon source, the content of the crude oil is gradually improved, and an enrichment culture is carried out on a constant temperature shaker. After the enriched bacteria liquid is diluted to a certain degree and coated to be cultured on a blood plate, 1-3d is cultured at the temperature of 30 DEG C, bacteria colony with a clear and large transparent zone edge on the blood plate is taken, after the bacteria colony is cultured in a liquid meat peptone culture medium, the bacteria liquid is dipped through a sterilizing toothpick blunt end and dibbled on an oil plate, 3d is cultured at the temperature of 30 DEG C, bacteria colony with an obvious and large oil biting spot is taken to be vaccinated in a meat peptone inclined surface and stored, after the bacteria colony is cultured with the meat peptone culture medium, the hydrocarbon degradation culture medium and the surfactant culture medium are vaccinated in sequence, 7d and 3d are cultured at the temperature of 30 DEG C, the hydrocarbon degradation capacity and the surfactant capacity are determined, and therefore the surfactant petroleum hydrocarbon degradation bacterial strain can be obtained.