543results about How to "Minimization" patented technology

The present inventors succeeded in improving the antibody constant region to have increased stability under acid conditions, reduced heterogeneity originated from disulfide bonds in the hinge region, reduced heterogeneity originated from the H chain C terminus, and increased stability at high concentrations as well as in discovering novel constant region sequences having reduced Fcγ receptor-binding, while minimizing the generation of novel T-cell epitope peptides. As a result, the present inventors successfully discovered antibody constant regions with improved physicochemical properties (stability and homogeneity), immunogenicity, safety, and pharmacokinetics.

The invention features a method for multiplexed analysis of a plurality of target nucleic acid sequences in a sample. The method provides a derivative nucleic acid for each target sequence analyzed and present in the sample.

The present inventors succeeded in discovering specific amino acid mutations in the variable region, framework region, and constant region of TOCILIZUMAB, and this enables to reduce immunogenicity risk and the heterogeneity originated from disulfide bonds in the hinge region, as well as to improve antigen binding activity, pharmacokinetics, stability under acidic conditions, and stability in high concentration preparations.

A helical antenna has a helix supported by a helix support. The helix support includes at least one piece of flexible sheet having its two surfaces covered with a layer antistatic material. The flexible sheet is curlable into a revolution surface configuration to form a revolution surface-shaped support section for at least partially supporting a portion of the helix component there around. A grounding mechanism electrically grounds the external sheet surface to the helix and the two sheet surfaces to one another when in the revolution surface configuration while a locking mechanism locks the flexible sheet in the revolution surface configuration. The combination of the helix and the flexible support renders the antenna structurally relatively rigid in all directions.

A power amplifier with stacked, serially connected, field effect transistors is described. DC control voltage inputs are fed to the gates of each transistor. Capacitors are coupled to the transistors. The inputs and the capacitors are controlled to minimize generation of non-linearities of each field effect transistor and / or to maximize cancellation of distortions between the field effect transistors of the power amplifier in order to improve linearity of the power amplifier output.

Disclosed is a system, method, and program for joining a multi-column table and at least two satellite tables. Each satellite table is comprised of multiple rows and at least one join column and each multi-column table is comprised of multiple rows and join columns corresponding to the join columns in the satellite tables. A query including predicates is received. A join predicate column comprises the satellite table and multi-column table join column to which at least one query predicate applies. A determination is then made as to whether there is at least one index on the multi-column table including at least one column for one join predicate column. One index is selected. The ordering of the join predicate columns in the selected index is used to determine the join order of the satellite tables and the multi-column table. The satellite tables and multi-column tables are then joined in the determined join order.

The present invention provides reaction mixtures that include blocked oligonucleotides comprising 2′-terminator nucleotides. The blocked oligonucleotides are rendered extendible when the 2′-terminator nucleotides are removed from the oligonucleotides, e.g., via pyrophosphorolysis. The reaction mixtures can be used in various nucleic acid polymerization and / or amplification assays, among many other applications. In addition to reaction mixtures, the invention also provides related methods and reaction mixtures.

A silicon-based IR photodetector is formed within a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure by placing a metallic strip (preferably, a silicide) over a portion of an optical waveguide formed within a planar silicon surface layer (i.e., “planar SOI layer”) of the SOI structure, the planar SOI layer comprising a thickness of less than one micron. Room temperature operation of the photodetector is accomplished as a result of the relatively low dark current associated with the SOI-based structure and the ability to use a relatively small surface area silicide strip to collect the photocurrent. The planar SOI layer may be doped, and the geometry of the silicide strip may be modified, as desired, to achieve improved results over prior art silicon-based photodetectors.

A washing machine in which a liquid balance weight is mounted at a surface portion of a drum where a spider is also mounted is disclosed. The washing machine comprises a drum for receiving laundry, a spider mounted at a surface portion of the drum and having a plurality of legs, a drive shaft mounted to the spider, and a liquid balance weight mounted at the surface portion of the drum where the spider is also mounted. The liquid balance weight has a plurality of seating recesses for receiving the plurality of legs of the spider, respectively.

Provided are a flexible thin film transistor substrate and a flexible organic light emitting display device. The flexible thin film transistor substrate includes: a flexible substrate including at least one thin film transistor (TFT) area and having flexibility, an active layer disposed in the TFT area on the flexible substrate, a gate insulation layer disposed on the active layer, a gate electrode overlapping with the active layer on the gate insulation layer, an insulating interlayer disposed on the gate electrode, and a source electrode and a drain electrode disposed on the insulating interlayer and connected with the active layer, respectively. The gate insulation layer or the insulating interlayer includes at least one hole pattern configured to reduce bending stress.

The present invention provides a small and low running-cost device capable of minimizing the generation of contamination sources as much as possible while performing a series of all the desired manipulations. A device for manipulating a target component in a manipulation tube, comprising: a manipulation tube comprising a tube having an optionally-closeable open end for supplying a sample containing a target component at one end and a closed end at the other end, and a manipulation medium accommodated in the tube and having a gel layer and an aqueous liquid layer multilayered in a longitudinal direction of the tube; magnetic particles that should transport the target component; and magnetic field applying means capable of applying a magnetic field to the manipulation tube to move the magnetic particles in the longitudinal direction of the tube.

Apparatus and method for removal of particles and VOC from an airstream, in which particles carried by the airstream are charged by a corona ionizer and then collected by an electrically enhanced filter downstream of the ionizer. A catalytic filter downstream of the electrically enhanced filter removes VOC as well as ozone generated by the ionizer.

The present inventors succeeded in discovering specific amino acid mutations in the variable region, framework region, and constant region of TOCILIZUMAB, and this enables to reduce immunogenicity risk and the heterogeneity originated from disulfide bonds in the hinge region, as well as to improve antigen binding activity, pharmacokinetics, stability under acidic conditions, and stability in high concentration preparations.

Semiconductor wafers, circuit boards and similar multi-layer structures are optically inspected at high speeds with the aid of preferably a pair of oppositely and inclinedly directed laser beams at inclined angles to the vertical and the wafer surface to cause fluorescence by a photoresist layer carrying conductor patterns, defects in which are to be inspected, and using preferably a time-delay-integration CCD imaging camera for recording a fluorescent resist surface image accentuating the non-fluorescing conductor pattern thereupon, while masking all light from layers therebelow.

An implant and method for producing an implant are disclosed. The implant forms a joint with a micro-rough bearing surface formed by a sintered portion. Thus, better wear and friction properties can be achieved.

An improved method, mechanism, and system for implementing, generating, and maintaining records, such as redo records and redo logs in a database system, are disclosed. Multiple sets of records may be created and combined into a partially ordered (or non-ordered) group of records, which are later collectively ordered or sorted as needed to create an fully ordered set of records. With respect to a database system, redo generation bottleneck is minimized by providing multiple in-memory redo buffers that are available to hold redo records generated by multiple threads of execution. When the in-memory redo buffers are written to a persistent storage medium, no specific ordering needs to be specified with respect to the redo records from the different in-memory redo buffers. While the collective group of records may not be ordered, the written-out redo records may be partially ordered based upon the ordered redo records from within individual in-memory redo buffers. At recovery, ordering and / or merging of redo records may occur to satisfy database consistency requirements.

An apparatus and a method for controlling a low pressure exhaust gas recirculation system has advantages including minimizing condensate water generation in an intercooler and a low pressure EGR cooler by controlling EGR gas amount through optimally mapping many control variables influencing direct factors instead of controlling the EGR gas amount according to direct factors.

A method for seasoning a chamber and depositing a low dielectric constant layer on a substrate in the chamber is provided. In one aspect, the method includes seasoning the chamber with a first mixture comprising one or more organosilicon compounds and one or more oxidizing gases and depositing a low dielectric constant layer on a substrate in the chamber from a second mixture comprising one or more organosilicon compounds and one or more oxidizing gases, wherein a ratio of the total flow rate of the organosilicon compounds to the total flow rate of the oxidizing gases in the first mixture is lower than the total flow rate of the organosilicon compounds to the total flow rate of the oxidizing gases in the second mixture.

Provided is a non-pneumatic wheel (100) for a vehicle, and a wheel (100), suspension (200; 200-1), and tire (300) used therein that are capable of ensuring driving stability because there is no air chamber between a wheel (100) and a tire (300) to blowout. They are also capable of ensuring good road holding, preventing standing waves, reducing brake fade and cornering force, providing good handling and ride comfort, staying quiet when rolling, and are economical and environmentally friendly. The non-pneumatic wheel (100) includes a wheel (100), a shock absorbing member (220; 220-1) coupled to an outer periphery of the wheel (100) and absorbing or attenuating noise and vibration due to external shock, a plurality of resilient members (230; 230-1; 230-2) arranged around and coupled to an outer periphery of the shock absorbing member (220; 220-1) in a radial direction and having a plurality of resilient rings (230-1a) that are resiliently deformed in response to an external force, resilient links (240) respectively coupled to the resilient rings (230-1a) to evenly transmit external shock to the resilient rings (230-1a), rail plates (270) to which sliders (261) formed at both ends of the resilient links (240) are slidably coupled, and a tire (300) having a plurality of coupling grooves (321) formed along an inner periphery such that the rail plates (270) are inserted into the coupling grooves (321).

A separator includes a monolayer-type polyolefin-based micro-porous film having a porosity of 40 to 60%, an average pore diameter of 60 nm or less, and an air permeability of 350 s / 100 mL or less; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the micro-porous film and made of a mixture of a plurality of inorganic particles and a binder polymer. An electrochemical device having the above separator has excellent thermal stability and allows a high power while minimizing the occurrence of leak current.

High-yielding method for chemical hydrolysis of lignocellulose into monosaccharides. The process of the invention can additionally be applied to cellulose, xylan and related biomass polysaccharides, such as galactan, mannan, or arabinan. The method is employed for hydrolysis of a biomass polysaccharide substrate. The process is carried out in an ionic liquid in which cellulose is soluble in the presence of catalytic acid at a temperature sufficiently high to initiate hydrolysis. Water is added to the reaction mixture after initiation of hydrolysis at a rate controlled to avoid precipitation yet avoid undesired sugar dehydration products such ad HMF. Hydrolysis product is useful as feedstock for fermentations including fermentation processes for ethanol, butanol and other fuels.

A method for forming an electrophotographic image and a device for forming an image on a transfer material by the steps for charging, exposing, developing and transferring, and recovering the toner remained untransferred in the step for cleaning by recovering, wherein the toner used in the step for developing has a total surface area ratio Z of additive, which is calculated by Z=(Ht·Wt) / (H·W), satisfies 0.5≦Z≦1.5, the electrophotographic photoconductor used comprises at least a photosensitive layer and a filler-containing protective layer provided on a conductive support in that order, and the angle of repose of the toner to the protective layer surface of the electrophotographic photoconductor is 30° or less.

An aromatic dicarboxylic acid is purified by oxidizing m-xylene or p-xylene to produce crude isophthalic acid or crude terephthalic acid, respectively. The products of the oxidizing step are hydrogenated in the presence of a palladium catalyst. Carbon monoxide is introduced during the hydrogenation step. The palladium catalyst is provided on a carbon substrate. The products of the oxidizing step are dissolved in a solvent, which may be water, prior to the hydrogenation step. The products of the oxidizing step may be dissolved at an elevated temperature, above the normal boiling point of the solvent. The oxidation step produces isophthalic acid, 3-carboxybenzaldehyde and fluorenones in the case of oxidizing m-xylene and produces terephthalic acid, 4-carboxybenzaldehyde and fluorenones in the case of oxidizing p-xylene. It may be helpful to monitor the disappearance of 3-carboxybenzaldehyde in the case of oxidizing m-xylene and 4-carboxybenzaldehyde in the case of oxidizing pxylene, and reducing the amount of carbon monoxide when the rate of disappearance is below a predetermined minimum. After the hydrogenation step, the isophthalic acid or terephthalic acid may be crystallized. The carbon monoxide may be maintained at a concentration of 100 to 500 ppm based on added hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Other aromatic dicarboxylic acids may also purified by this procedure.

The present invention is directed to monomeric and polymeric compositions based upon polymeric urethane surfactants which are derived from linear, branched, or aromatic compounds of synthetic or natural origin, preferably from tertiary amines and diisocyanate compounds. The urethane polymers of the present invention may be in the form of betaines, quaternium salts, tertiary amine salts or N-oxides. The compounds of the present invention may be incorporated into personal care formulations such as cosmetics, dental care products and toiletries to improve at least one and preferably two or more characteristics of such formulations.

In an exemplary communication system, a multiplicity of mobile terminals are to share a communication link with a host processor communicating through base transceivers. The mobile terminals evaluate communication signals being transmitted to one or more of the mobile transceivers and according to the evaluation of such signals, each mobile terminal independently selects a relatively high data rate or a lower more conservative data rate for communication with the host processor. The mobile terminal enters a dormant state after a fixed period elapses during which the mobile unit is not engaged in communication with the base station. Periodically, the mobile terminal reenters active state in receive mode for a brief interval and if no polling signal or other message directed to the mobile terminal is present, the mobile terminal returns to dormant state. When a signal is directed to the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal remains in active receive mode until a fixed period after a communication session is completed and then returns to dormant / active cycling. A base station utilizing a dormant polling protocol transmits polling sequences to a plurality of remote transceivers during periods of heavy loading. During periods of low loading, the base station stops polling and enters into a dormant state, listening for communication request from the remote transceivers. Upon receiving such a request, the base station immediately responds by servicing the requesting remote transceiver. In this way, the base station provides optimized utilization of the communication channel during periods of heavy and light loading conditions.

There is provided a non-contact, passively suspended blood pump that includes (a) a housing; (b) a pump rotor within the housing, wherein the pump rotor has a first end and a second end, and an axis of rotation; (c) a first axial thrust bearing across a first axial gap, between the first end and the housing, that axially suspends the first end; (d) a second axial thrust bearing across a second axial gap, between the second end and the housing, that axially suspends the second end; (e) a first radial hydrodynamic bearing that radially suspends the first end; and (f) a second radial hydrodynamic bearing that radially suspends the second end. Determining pump differential pressure by monitoring rotor axial position allows automatic physiologic control.

The present invention is intended to provide a metal jacket for a cementless artificial joint stem, wherein shear force detrimental to the service life of an artificial joint can be markedly reduced and stress shielding phenomena can also be markedly relieved, due to the construction of the metal jacket which can be fixed to the bone and can enclose the surface of the stem so as to allow for the stem of artificial joint to slide vertically relative to the bone, and wherein osteolysis of a bone due to the infiltration of wear particles can be minimized by curbing the gap formation between the bone and the stem.To that end, there is provided according to the invention, a metal jacket for a cementless artificial joint stem, which jacket is so formed as to enclose at least a part of the cementless artificial joint stem 21, said stem with jacket being inserted longitudinally in the opening formed in the bone canal of a human body, and on the surface of which jacket surface-processed metal layer or metal wires 12 is formed so that the bone can make interlocking with the metal jacket as the bone gets on-growth onto the metal jacket.

A combustor for a gas turbine engine has a head end portion that carries at least one fuel / air nozzle. Each fuel / air nozzle includes a premixed pilot nozzle having premix conduits that are configured with concentric axes that direct the fuel / air mixture axially from the premixed pilot nozzle. The premixed pilot nozzle can include an annular channel disposed radially outwardly from the premix and including air jets that direct air radially outwardly from the premix conduits.