The invention discloses a high-bearing-capacity semi-submersible type drilling platform sea wave compensation device and a control method. The high-bearing-capacity semi-submersible type drilling platform sea wave compensation device comprises a floating box, a bearing supporting column, a parallel connection posture adjusting module, a sea wave recognition module, a data processing module, a control and driving module and a drilling platform deck, wherein the bearing supporting column is connected to the upper portion of the floating box, and the bearing supporting column is connected with the parallel connection posture adjusting module; the parallel connection posture adjusting module is connected with a drilling platform deck; the number of the bearing supporting columns is equal to that of the parallel connection posture adjusting modules; an acoustic wave tester in the sea wave recognition module is used for measuring sea wave flow parameters, a gyroscope is used for measuring the pose of a buoyancy tank coordinate system relative to a deck coordinate system, a data processing module is used for processing the sea wave motion parameters, and a control and driving module is used for controlling a linear motion unit to move. The device has the advantages of being high in bearing performance and good in stability, and composite motion compensation of the semi-submersible drilling platform on transverse movement, longitudinal movement, heaving, rolling, pitching and yawing of sea waves can be achieved.