647 results about "Urban waste" patented technology

Mechanically and biologically stable briquettes and pellets are obtained from either municipal solid waste (MSW), Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) or municipal sewage sludge and their combination for purposes of disposing said briquettes and pellets as fuel in waste-to-energy processes such as the one described herein or to form geometric aggregates with such briquettes for their disposal at landfill sites. The use of binding material is not required whereas fuel additives such as crushed coal and petroleum residues may be added to enhance fuel performance but are not needed to improve waste processing or product stability and mechanical properties.

The invention describes a new method for treating sludge, which can result in the production of high nitrogen organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that incorporates municipal sludges or biosolids or organic sludges that can compete with traditional fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and urea on the commodity fertilizer marketplace. The method takes advantage of the thixotropic property of dewatered biosolids or organic sludge to create a pumpable paste-like material from the biosolids or organic sludge that is then treated with an oxidizer to reduce odorant effects and an acid. This mix is then interacted with concentrated sulfuric and or phosphoric acids and an ammonia source or alternatively a hot or molten melt or salt of ammonium sulfate / phosphate to form a fertilizer mix. The present invention controls the heat, atmospheric pressure and retention time of the fertilizer mix in the reaction vessel. When a fertilizer melt is formed ammoniation is subsequently completed by the specific use of vaporized ammonia. The invention can also be an add-on to commercial production of ammonium salts. The fertilizer produced by the present invention contains more than 8 wt. % nitrogen and preferably 15 wt. % nitrogen. The invention is oriented to be tailored to the biosolids production for individual municipal waste treatment plants in order to keep the fertilizer manufacturing plants of the present invention small with a minimization of logistics and liability.

The invention relates to a method for recovering energy from the organic fraction of urban solid waste comprising the following steps: a) the organic fraction is pre treated with mineral acids, preferably sulfuric acid, during which the fraction is heated by an outer thermal jacket with no steam injection or steam explosion, thereby producing a first slurry containing an insoluble solid susceptible to enzymatic attack by cellulases; b) a step comprising enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulases and simultaneous fermentation, using an ethanologenic microorganism, of the first slurry in order to obtain a second slurry containing diluted ethanol; and c) distillation of the second slurry such as to obtain wet ethanol, a recyclable liquid effluent and a solid.

The invention discloses an urban garbage and sludge resource comprehensive utilization system. Urban garbage is fed into garbage feeding / sorting equipment (1) and, after primary sorting, primary rough crushing and primary screening, is divided into two parts: oversize materials and undersize materials. The oversize materials include paper and paper plastic composite materials left after air separation and secondary sorting and plastic, wherein the paper and paper plastic composite materials are fed into paper pump recovery equipment (2) to recover high-quality paper pulp; the waste plastic is fed into waste plastic oil producing equipment (3) for recovering fuel oil by low-temperature catalytic pyrolysis, and the slag (active carbon powder) is used in waste gas purification equipment (50) directly. The undersize materials include inorganic materials and organic materials, which are separated by secondary screening by a vibrating screen, wherein the inorganic materials are fed into a baking-free brick production equipment (6), dried, crushed and added with ingredients such as coagulator to produce baking-free bricks; and the organic materials are mixed with sludge from sludge feeding equipment (4) in a ratio and then fed into organic fertilizer production equipment (5) for producing organic fertilizers by special processes such as high-temperature high-pressure degradation and microbial fermentation.

The invention discloses a system for squeezing, smashing and winnowing municipal solid waste (MSW). The system comprises a primary squeezing and smashing, device and a secondary smashing and winnowing device. The system of the invention has good effect m squeezing, smashing and winnowing, can greatly reduce the water content of MSW and efficiently separate the MSW into combustible matters and non-combustible matters, so as to facilitate further subsequent utilization of the municipal waste; moreover, an upper jaw of a jaw crusher is connected with a spring device, so that the squeezing pressure, smashing effect and processing capacity of the jaw crusher can be adjusted according to the amount of the MSW. In addition, the system of the invention is further provided with emergency brake switches, spring protection devices and a sieve, so as to ensure the stability and the reliability of the system.

The invention provides a municipal waste classified popularization and supervision system. The municipal waste classified popularization and supervisory system comprises an information popularization module, an information communication module, a waste classified collection, transportation and supervision subsystem, a household waste management module and a database. The waste classified collection, transportation and supervision subsystem comprises a terminal information collection module, a site supervision module and a transportation process supervision module. According to the municipal waste classified popularization and supervision system, popularization of municipal waste classified information can be achieved, and sites of municipal waste disposal and the disposal process are effectively supervised; waste disposal is supervised universally, conveniently and rapidly through the information communication module, and the purpose for effectively supervising and urging the waste disposal is achieved.

A thermodecomposing-charring method for treating city garbage includes such steps as thermodecomposing while charring, removing acidic gas from the thermodecomposed gas, burning the gas, and transferring the heat from the high-temp gas generated by burning to the garbage in the thermodecomposing furnace. Its apparatus is also disclosed.

A method for preparing biogas by joint anaerobic fermentation of food waste, urban sludge and urban excrement, comprising the following steps: (1) pretreatment system: food waste, urban sludge and urban excrement undergo a pretreatment process to obtain granules (2) homogeneous system: the materials processed in step (1) enter the homogenizing tank one after another, mix evenly and degrade part of the suspended matter, so that the particle size of the solid material is less than 20-25mm, and obtain Fermentation substrate with a solid content rate of 8 to 12%; (3) anaerobic fermentation system: the fermentation substrate treated in step (2) is transported to an anaerobic fermentation tank by a pump and adopts a continuous fermentation process and a mesophilic anaerobic fermentation The anaerobic fermentation method combined with jet stirring produces biogas, biogas residue and biogas slurry. The combined anaerobic fermentation preparation method of the present invention has the effects of complete material fermentation and high gas production rate.

After separating from solid urban waste an organic fraction containing biological cells, the latter is extruded through a grid having small-bore holes, under a pressure higher than the bursting pressure of the cell membranes, so that most of these are disrupted and a gel of a doughy consistency is produced. The gel is then loaded into a biodigester, where it is readily attacked by bacteria.

The invention discloses an urban waste classification treatment monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. The system provided by the invention contains a central processing module; a satellite positioning module which forms a wireless connection with the central processing module; several wet waste treatment monitoring systems which respectively form a wireless connection with the central processing module and are used to monitor the wet waste treatment flow of a wet waste recycling bin, a regional wet waste centralized recycling station, a wet waste transport station, a wet waste transport vehicle and a wet waste disposal factory at real time; and several dry waste treatment monitoring systems which respectively form a wireless connection with the central processing module and are used to monitor the dry waste treatment flow of a dry waste recycling bin, a regional dry waste centralized recycling station, a dry waste transport station, a dry waste transport vehicle and a dry waste disposal factory at real time. According to the invention, dry and wet wastes are separated for processing so as to minimize waste moisture and burning fetor, increase burning calorific value, promote energy conversion and raise waste utilization rate.

The invention belongs to the field of the design of robot techniques, and relates to an intelligent waste classification robot based on binocular stereoscopic vision positioning and recognition. The intelligent waste classification robot based on binocular stereoscopic vision positioning and recognition is characterized in that the intelligent waste classification robot comprises a central processing unit, a DSP, a CCD camera, a video decoder, an image data memory and a robot sorting structure in hardware design. A target waste image is acquired through the binocular CCD camera, then is decoded and transmitted to the DSP for preprocessing and data storage, and then is transmitted to the central processing unit for core waste image reprocessing and binocular stereoscopic vision recognitionand positioning, so that three-dimensional target waste information is obtained and is compared with preset model parameters; and finally, the information is transmitted to the DSP through the centralprocessing unit, and the DSP sends a command to complete sorting operation of the robot so as to achieve waste classification. According to the intelligent waste classification robot based on binocular stereoscopic vision positioning and recognition, accurate positioning of target waste and acquisition of three-dimensional information are systematically achieved, and waste classification data areobtained; and the intelligent waste classification robot has great significance for improving the urban waste classification efficiency and social benefits and for protecting the environment.

The invention discloses equipment of processing incorporate urban sewage and its technics. The equipment is made of armor plate. It includes internal electrolysis reaction area, machine-adding mixing system, helix flocculation depressed area and biolobical reaction area. Sewage can reach GB8978-1996 discharging standard through internal electrolysis reaction, flocculating settling (to remove phosphor), aerobic biological reaction, anaerobic reaction and filtration. Adopting incorporate treatment technics, the invention has a little floor space, low investment and a good effect. It adapts to urban subzones, blocks in villages and towns and micromidi companies such as urban diet, food processing and abattoir.

A method for reclaiming the cinder of city garbage incinerator includes such steps as removing metals from said cinder, screening, ball grinding, sorting by granularities, continuous ball grinding of coarse particles, and collecting the fine particles by cloth bag duster for using it as raw material.

The invention relates to technology for urban environmental hygiene treatment, in particular to technology for treating leachate of municipal refuse landfills and garbage burning plants. The technology comprises the following steps of: nitrifying garbage leachate, and performing polymeric membrane treatment which comprises treatment of an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane and a reverse osmosis membrane, and selecting a specific operating environment in each step; performing electroosmosis treatment on the treated concentrated water; and finally, performing distillation and other treatment on the concentrated feed liquid subjected to electroosmosis, and exhausting waste materials in the garbage leachate for purification. The technology for treating the garbage leachate has the advantages of complete treatment of wastewater, relative economy, convenient installation, high efficiency, no secondary pollution and the like, and can be widely applied to treating household garbage, industrial production garbage and the like.

The invention discloses a novel method for generating electricity by pyrolysis and incineration of waste. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) urban household waste pretreatment; (2) waste gasification; (3) gasified gas purification; (4) gasified gas burning for generating electricity; and (5) sewage treatment and energy conservation. In the method, only clean combustible mixed gas and harmless ash are generated, and the two products have value in use; the mixed gas is a mixture which contains carbon monoxide, nitrogen, alkanes and hydrogen, can be used for generating electricity, and has higher electricity-generating efficiency compared with other waste treatment techniques; the carbon dioxide generated during burning the clean mixed gas is reduced greatly to minimize the influence on the environment; during the urban waste treatment, waste classification is not required; fuels except waste are not required; compared with electricity generation by burning waste directly, the novel method does not need expensive waste gas treatment systems, sewage treatment systems, boiler feed systems, matching systems for generating electricity, and the like, so the equipment investment is low.

The invention provides an intelligent urban waste bin. The waste bin comprises a solar cell panel, an upper bin body, a lower bin body and a base; the solar cell panel is mounted on the top of the upper bin body through a support, the front face and the back face of the upper bin body are each provided with an advertisement lamp box capable of being opened, the lower bin body is arranged on the lower portion of the upper bin body, a voice player, a cigarette end putting groove and a smoke suppression identification are sequentially arranged in the middle of the lower bin body from top to bottom, a waste battery putting groove is formed in the side face of the lower bin body, two waste bin inner buckets are arranged in the lower bin body in a bilateral symmetry manner, and infrared sensors are arranged on the lower bin body and are connected with the voice player; the voice player is used for sending out the voice when the infrared sensors detect that waste is thrown into the waste bin; a solar charging and discharging controller, a storage cell, an intelligent time control switch and a manual switch are arranged in the upper bin body. According to the intelligent urban waste bin, waste classifying is more dedicate, more convenience devices are integrated, solar energy is used for electricity generating, ditching and line arrangement are not needed, and mounting and maintaining are easy and convenient.

The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon quantum dot fluorescent material. The method involves an ignitable plant leaf material, a combustion supporting substance, a solid fiber adsorption material layer, and a combustion furnace body. The method is characterized in that: the combustion furnace body is composed of an air inlet, a combustion chamber, and an exhaust gas outlet, and the solid fiber adsorption material layer is arranged at the exhaust gas outlet; when the plant leaf material combusts, the carbon quantum dot fluorescent material can be generated, is carried by gas and is adsorbed in the solid fiber adsorption material layer, when the solid fiber adsorption material is placed in water or a solvent, the carbon quantum dot fluorescent material can separate and precipitate out by itself. The method provided in the invention can directly use urban waste fallen leaves to prepare the carbon quantum dot fluorescent material and does not employ any chemical means to extract. The carbon quantum dot fluorescent material adsorbed in the solid fiber adsorption material layer is convenient for transportation and carrying, is pollution-free and nonhazardous, can be released by an aqueous solvent or static electricity, so that the carbon quantum dot fluorescent material can be taken out directly.

The invention relates to a comprehensive treatment utilization technology for municipal domestic waste, which belongs to the technical field of treating and recycling municipal waste; the technology is as follows: the municipal waste is transported to a waste treatment plant so as to carry out harmless treatment, then is classified into eight kinds, that is, the municipal domestic waste, medical waste, branches and straws, floater on water surface, construction waste, aquatic plant, urban night soil and market waste, and is transported to a department belonging to one kind so as to be treated and recycled. The technology of the invention solves the problems of occupying a lot of lands, and polluting environment and groundwater resources caused by the landfill mode which is adopted to treat the municipal waste for a long time, solves the problems in municipal solid waste incineration that dioxin, a carcinogenesis gas, is released into air and 40 percent of waste residues still need to be land-filled, so that lands still needs to be occupied; therefore, the technology can change the municipal waste into valuables, recycle natural resources, give full play to the value of resource recycling, and realize the measures advocated by the country such as 'waste reduction', 'resource recycling' and 'harmlessness', thus being suitable for waste treatment in different cities.

The invention provides a bypass sludge reduction and silt separation and denitrification and dephosphorization waste water treatment system and a bypass sludge reduction and silt separation and denitrification and dephosphorization waste water treatment method for solving the frequency problems of high sand content in incoming water, low volatile suspended solid (VSS) / mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), inadequate carbon source and the like in the conventional denitrification and dephosphorization process. The system consists of a main waste water treatment system having denitrification and dephosphorization functions and a bypass system, wherein the main waste water treatment system comprises a grit chamber and a waste water treatment system having denitrification and dephosphorization functions; and the bypass system consists of a hair separator, a sludge reduction pool, a sludge and silt separator, a silt dewatering system and a chemical dephosphorization system. In the invention, by discharging the sludge and silt and retaining slit organic matters, the silt is prevented from depositing in the waste water treatment system and the VSS / MISS ratio of the sludge in a biochemical reaction pool is improved. By returning the sludge recycled as a carbon source, a carbon source is provided for the main waste water treatment system. By applying chemical dephosphorization in the embedded bypass system, the phosphorus in urban waste water can be removed and recycled chemically at low cost.

The invention discloses a biological diesel manufacturing technology of animal and plant waste oil, which comprises the following steps: adopting acidifying oil and urban waste oil as raw material; reacting for 4-8 h in the autoclave under normal pressure through catalyst; making esterification rate at 96 percent. The invention simplifies the manufacturing technology and reaction time, which recycles the waste oil into biological diesel.

The present invention discloses an economical and high-efficiency method of decomposing dioxin of fly ash in the waste incinerator without causing secondary pollution and the decomposition rate of dioxin and other similar substances can reach 70 to 99 percent after treatment. An aqueous surfactant solution is used for extracting the dioxin in fly ash so as to separate the dioxin from fly ash; after acidification, the extract with abundant dioxin is heated to 30 to 100 DEG C under the condition of pumping in oxygen or oxygen enriched air; only 1 to 100-hour treatment can destroy the dioxin by oxidative degradation. The waste incinerator fly ash treated by the method, which then is treated by the patent technology 'a stabilization and resource recycling method of urban waste incinerator fly ash' disclosed by the inventor (Patent application number: 200710073815.2), can be used as the fine aggregate of concrete or cement mortar, or directly buried in a waste landfill site.

The short-path deep biological denitrogenation method for city garbage percolate belongs to the field of sewage treating technology. The short-path deep biological denitrogenation process is one two stage UASB+A / O process including the reflowing short-path denitrification in the first UASB stage, the methane generating reaction in the second UASB stage and the short-path nitrification in the A / O reactor. The short-path nitrification is realized through regulating water reflux ratio of water based on the C / N ratio of influent water to make the anoxic area in the A / O reactor possess free ammonia concentration of 30-70mg / L to inhibit NO2-N oxidizing bacteria, rather than NH4+-N oxidizing bacteria and oxidize 90-99%of NH4+-N, and controlling the aeration time effectively and accurately with the 'ammonia valley' to maintain stable short-path nitrification. Then, the short-path biological denitrification is completed through treating refluxed water and refluxing sludge.

The invention discloses a method for preparing fuel brick with pyrolysis and taking city waste as raw material, and it aslo relates to special device- pyrolysis retort. The invention is to thermal decompose the organic matter in city waste, produce anoxic uindirect heating condition through proper engineering technology during pyrolysis, control heating temperature, heating speed and thermal insulating time to make the organic matter in city waste form into solid carbon, and converse carbonized city waste into fuel brick.

Construction material from granular material reclaimed from the ash of a municipal waste combustor wherein the ash is subjected to sorting and separating recovered metals, the granular material including particles having a maximum particle diameter of 5 to 40 mm, a U-coefficient of 10 or more, and ignition loss of 10% or less in weight and being subjected to at least one heavy metal immobilization agent, preferably phosphoric acid; and a second heavy metal immobilization agent consisting of ferrous sulfate. The ash is further subjected to drying before subjecting the ash to the at least one heavy metal immobilization agent. The ash is further subjected to mulling the material after subjecting the ash to the at least one heavy metal immobilization agent.

The invention discloses a method for making ceramsites by utilizing slush and urban garbage, which comprises the following steps: fetching 40-60 parts by weight of slush or sludge with water content of 50-70 percent, 15-25 parts by weight of urban garbage and 90-110 parts by weight of shale; crashing the shale and the urban garbage, mixing and stirring, the shale, the urban garbage and the slush, and then making pelletal material; drying and swelling the pelletal material for 10-30 minutes at the temperature of 380-420 DEG C, then firing for 5-10 minutes at the temperature of 1050-1150 DEG C and discharging, and naturally cooling to obtain the finished ceramsites. The invention not only has the advantages of low production cost, simple process and no need of clay as raw material, but also changes waste materials into valuable matters, and reduces the environmental pollution.

The invention provides a molded coal made from garbage and process for preparing same, wherein the molded coal comprises, (1) urban domestic refuse, (2) one or several flammable substances containing fixed carbon, including coal gangue, coal mud, stone coal, pulverized coke, bituminous shale, charcoal powder, coal, graphite powder, carbon black, (3) binder including loess, carclazyte, cement, soluble glass, industrial sewage, asphalt slag, coal tar, industrial maize starch and cellulose. The preparation process comprises the steps of sterilizing, artificial sorting, disintegrating, drying, charging binder, addition agent, mixing, magnetic separating, super fine crushing, modeling and drying.

The invention discloses a fully flushable and biodegradable nonwoven wet tissue and a production method thereof, belonging to the technical field of new textile materials. The completely flushable and biodegradable nonwoven fabric wet wipes include wet wipe formulations and nonwoven fabrics soaked in wet wipe formulations, and are characterized in that: the nonwoven fabrics are made of 100% biodegradable fibers The fiber web made of raw materials is bonded by a passivable water-soluble glue, and the wet wipe formulation contains 1-10% passivation by weight. The wet wipes of the invention are completely flushable and biodegradable, and can solve the problem of discarding the wet wipes in urban drainage systems.

An urban waste recycling and treatment integrated device is disclosed, including a cleaning chamber. A stirring shaft penetrates and is connected to the top of the cleaning chamber. The top of the stirring shaft is connected to a first motor. A discharge pipe penetrates and is connected to the left bottom of the cleaning chamber. The bottom of the outer side of the stirring shaft is sleeved with astirring blade. The bottom of the cleaning chamber is connected with a crushing chamber. The outer side of a cutter shaft is connected to cutters in an equally spaced manner. The right side of the cleaning chamber is connected to a disinfection chamber, and the right side of the disinfection chamber is connected to a filtration chamber. Through combination of the disinfection chamber, an air blower, a heating tube, a heating wire and an exhaust fan, a problem that a high amount of bacteria and viruses are liable to breed when urban waste is mixed together is solved. Through the cleaning chamber, the stirring shaft, the first motor, a feeding pipe, a feeding hopper, the stirring blade, a water feeding pipe and a throttle valve, the problem of inconvenient handling of impurities such as medium and small-size sand and soil in urban waste is solved.

The invention provides a closed type urban garbage incinerating boiler for incinerating urban garbage, which comprises a boiler body, a water tank, a combustion chamber and a fly ash outlet, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with an incinerating plate, the width of the incinerating plate is consistent with the width of the combustion chamber, the groove type incinerating plate divides the combustion chamber into a combustion cavity and a combustion-supporting cavity and is provided with through holes, and introduced mixed oxygen passes through the combustion-supporting cavity and enters into the combustion cavity through the through holes on the incinerating plate to support the combustion of the garbage dried by a drier. The combustion temperature of the incinerating boiler can reach above 850 DEG C; the incineration of the garbage can be controlled over 2 seconds; the production of dioxins and furans can be effectively inhibited; and produced fly ash (smoke) can only be discharged out of the fly ash outlet, so that convenience is provided for the treatment of the fly ash.

The invention discloses a produce method for grain fuel used in municipal refuse incinerator, which comprises: separating, breaking, draining, evaporating, secondary breaking, granulating and drying. This invention reduces the require to material, heat value and moisture, enlarges scope of application, cuts energy consumption and cost, decreases pollution greatly, and can be used to restart stop-production incinerator.