The invention discloses an SYBR Green I Real-time PCR (Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction) method for quickly detecting and indentifying Hantaan virus infection. The method comprises the following steps: designing a pair of specific primers mainly according to a conserved sequence of an S gene in a GenBank database; using a positive plasmid subjected to 10-time gradient dilution as a standard product; optimizing a reaction condition; establishing the SYBR Green I Real-time PCR method used for detecting a Vero E6 cell, a mouse and a clinical patient, which are infected by Hantaan virus nucleic acids according to qRT-PCR specificity amplification, wherein a copy number of the detection sensitivity can reach 101, and sensitivity, repeatability and specificity of the Hantaan virus nucleic acids are detected. Compared with a conventional Hantaan virus detection method, the method has the advantages that types of detecting samples are rich, the application range is wide, the contrast is strong, operation steps are relatively few, convenience and quickness are realized, the sensitivity and the repeatability are high, the specificity is good, and a linear relationship is good, and can provide a strong experimental basis on clinical and laboratory detection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome as well as studying of epidemiology.