The invention discloses a preparation method of a ceramic curtain wall and foamed ceramic composite material. The method comprises the steps that PVA is added into a foamed ceramic mixture and a ceramic curtain wall mixture for granulation, a foamed ceramic granulation material and a ceramic curtain wall granulation material are obtained respectively, the foamed ceramic granulation material and the ceramic curtain wall granulation material are subjected to semi-dry pressing molding to obtain a foamed ceramic body and a ceramic curtain wall body, the foamed ceramic body and the ceramic curtain wall are dried, the dried foamed ceramic body is placed on the top face of the dried ceramic curtain wall body, the combination faces of the foamed ceramic body and the ceramic curtain wall body is smooth and flat, and sufficient contact is performed to obtain a composite body; then, the composite body is kept at the temperature of 120 DEG C for 12 h, the temperature is increased to 1,100-1,150 DEG C for foaming, after foaming is finished, the temperature is decreased to 600 DEG C, heat preservation is performed for 4 h, and after furnace cooling is performed, the ceramic curtain wall and foamed ceramic composite material is obtained. By adopting the foamed ceramic and ceramic curtain sintering method, the compound technology is simple, the energy consumption can be greatly lowered, and the cost is lowered.