85 results about "Saturation solubility" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for hydrotreatment of continuous liquid-phase wax oil. Wax oil raw oil, an effluent from a reactor and hydrogen are mixed in mixers to form a mixture, hydrogen can be dissolved in hydrocarbon oil in a form of bubbles by virtue of hydrogen distributors arranged inside the mixers, the amount of hydrogen is higher than the saturated solubility of liquid or the total hydrogen consumption, a plurality of bed layers are arranged in the reactor, the mixers are arranged among the bed layers, the mixture and fresh hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and partial reaction products are mixed again, a partial effluent from the reactor is partially circulated and a partial effluent is subjected to cooling, separating and fractional distillation to obtain the product. By the method, the problems that reaction process is difficult to process due to the limitation on the solubility of hydrogen in the hydrocarbon oil and the chemical hydrogen consumption is relatively high are solved and the adaptability of raw oil is expanded and furthermore, under the condition of relatively low circulation ratio, low-sulfur refined wax oil can be produced to provide high-quality feedstock for catalytic cracking.

The pharmaceutical preparation for transdermal administration contains solvent ingredients, such as water and ethanol and/or propanol, and drospirenone. The drospirenone is contained in the preparation in an amount that is not above its saturation solubility in an initial state prior to application to skin. However after application to the skin the amount of drospirenone exceeds its saturation solubility due to escape or discharge of the solvent ingredients from the preparation. Preferably the saturation solubility is exceeded by at least a factor of five during application to the skin. The pharmaceutical preparation can also contain an estrogen, such as ethinyl estradiol. It can be in the form of a semi-solid or liquid preparation that is contained in a reservoir-type transdermal patch. A transdermal patch for contraception containing the pharmaceutical preparation including drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol is also disclosed.

A liquid crystal display includes: a pair of substrates including at least one transparent substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates; and an electrode group formed on at least one of the pair of substrates so as to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer contains at least one kind of liquid crystalline compound and at least one kind of chiral dopant. The concentration c of the chiral dopant is lower than a saturation solubility s thereof. The concentration c of the chiral dopant and a helical twisting power [HTP] of the chiral dopant satisfy a relation of [HTP]·c≧5.5 (μm⁻¹).

The invention relates to a test method and a test device for obtaining saturated solubility and diffusion coefficients of a solid solute in a liquid phase simultaneously. According to solute mass conservation law and Archimedes law in the process of dissolution, a physical model in the process of dissolving the solid solute is established and mathematical description of the physical model is determined so as to establish an experiment characterization method and a measurement device. In the test method and the test device, the saturated solubility and the diffusion coefficients of the solid solute in the liquid phase at a certain temperature and under certain pressure are calculated from the measured real-time dissolved amount through a specific inversion model (physical and mathematical model). The test device has the advantages of simple operation, short measuring time and capability of measuring large quantity of data; and the solubility and the diffusion coefficients are obtained simultaneously, and the measured data can be verified mutually, so the measuring accuracy is improved and the data consistency is ensured well.

The invention provides a method for smelting high-nitrogen steel by a vacuum induction positive-pressure furnace, belonging to the technical field of smelting of high-nitrogen steel. The method comprises the steps: preparing a smelting material, clearing a crucible, loading a smelting raw material meeting the requirement of smelting a grade of steel; vacuumizing a smelting chamber of the vacuum induction furnace, and starting power transmission to heat a furnace material when the vacuum degree is less than 15Pa, wherein a power is 40 Kw; gradually increasing the power, and after a weld pool occurs, controlling the power to avoid splashing; completely smelting the furnace material, and reducing the power to perform refining to remove O, N, H and the like; starting a nitrogen making machine to introduce nitrogen, and adjusting a pressure in the furnace until reaching a required pressure value so that the saturation solubility of nitrogen is increased; adding the smelting raw material of increasing the partial pressure and a nitrogen-increasing alloy so as to increase the alloy yield; adding a final deoxidizing agent, controlling the temperature of molten steel, and pouring in an electrifying manner. The method is suitable for smelting the grade of steel requiring that the content of nitrogen is more than a defined numerical value or control range, and is capable of achieving the purposes of accuracy in component control, and high and stable nitrogen yield. The method has the advantages that the nitrogen yield reaches above 99 percent, particularly smelting high-nitrogen steel with nitrogen content up to 2 percent comes true, the components are accurate, and the cost is lower; the method is suitable for largely smelting special steel and steel for medical apparatuses and instruments with nitrogen content of 0.4-1.4 percent.

The invention discloses a dasatinib tablet, which comprises dasatinib and pharmaceutically-acceptable medicinal auxiliary materials, and is characterized in that: the dasatinib is an anhydride of which the particle size D(0.1) is equal to 3.0-10 mum, D(0.5) is equal to 15-60 mum and D(0.9) is equal to 100-150 mum. A qualified dasatinib tablet is prepared by taking the dasatinib anhydride as a raw material, so that the problems of over-high dissolution rate of a tablet prepared from the anhydride, untoward reactions caused by initial burst release of a medicament, reduction in the acting time, easy occurrence of unqualified dissolution rate and the like, which are caused by relatively high water saturation solubility of the dasatinib anhydride, are solved, and the industrial batch production requirements of low cost, simple process and qualification on a dasatinib raw material and a preparation can be met.

An aqueous formulation for topical application to the skin comprising water, a water-miscible organic solvent, and benzoyl peroxide, wherein the concentration of the organic solvent is sufficient to provide a stable suspension of benzoyl peroxide in the aqueous formulation without the inclusion of a surfactant in the formulation, wherein the ratio of concentrations of water and organic solvent in the formulation is sufficient to maintain the benzoyl peroxide in saturated solubility in the formulation following application to the skin, and wherein the concentration of benzoyl peroxide in the formulation is less than 5.0% and at least 1.0% w/w. The formulation may further contain a chemical compound in addition to benzoyl peroxide that is effective in the treatment of acne. The aqueous formulations of the invention are useful in the treatment of acne and acne rosacea.

The invention provides a composition containing refrigeration oil and refrigerant and application thereof. The refrigeration oil and the refrigerant in the composition fulfill the following requirements: on the basis of the gross mass of the composition, when the weight content of the refrigeration oil equals to or is smaller than 50% of the gross mass and the temperature is between minus 50 DEG C to 80 DEG C, the saturated solubility of the refrigeration oil in the refrigerant is 5% to 30% of the total mass; the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 40 DEG C is 5 to 60 mm<2>/s. The composition provided by the embodiment of the invention enables the refrigeration oil to be appropriately dissolved with the refrigerant, so that the reliability and the system performance of the compressor can be effectively improved.

Disclosed is a low-cost and resource-saving cleaning method wherein high cleaning effects are obtained by high-pressure jet cleaning or two-fluid cleaning using a gas-dissolved water. In the high-pressure jet cleaning method or the two-fluid cleaning method, a cleaning liquid or a mixed fluid of the cleaning liquid and a gas is jetted from a cleaning fluid jetting nozzle toward a subject to be cleaned, and the subject is cleaned. The cleaning liquid introduced into the cleaning fluid jetting nozzle contains the dissolved gas in a quantity equal to or more than the saturation solubility at the liquid temperature of the cleaning liquid.

The invention discloses a nitrogen content control method for FB2 steel smelted by a vacuum induction furnace. The nitrogen content in steel is controlled by improving the nitrogen partial pressure, and the method comprises the following steps: step 1, charging; step 2, vacuumizing; step 3, filling with nitrogen; step 4, melting down; step 5, performing vacuum casting; and step 6, destroying the vacuum environment and adding a protective slag. The vacuum induction furnace is employed for smelting FB2 steel, the partial pressure of nitrogen in the vacuum induction furnace is improved by filling with nitrogen, the saturation solubility and the surface adsorption rate of steel in molten steel are improved, and the nitrogen content in molten steel is increased, and thus the target of controlling the nitrogen content is realized.

An object of the invention is to provide a transdermal absorption preparation capable of sustaining the blood morphine concentration at an effective level over at least 48 hours, etc. This transdermal absorption preparation comprises a medicinal composition for transdermal absorption in which an active ingredient selected from morphine and salts thereof is blended in such an amount as corresponding to the saturation solubility or more in an active ingredient-holding vehicle having fluidity at a temperature around the human skin surface temperature and at least a portion of the active ingredient is held in a crystalline form, characterized in that, in the case where a preparation obtained from the above-described medicinal composition for transdermal absorption is applied to the uninjured skin of the back of a white rabbit having been shaven with electrical clippers for 72 hours, the available amount of the active ingredient per single dose of the preparation is from 10 mg to 400 mg in terms of morphine base, and the plasma concentrations of the active ingredient 24 hours and 48 hours after the application of the preparation under the above-described conditions are each at least 40 ng/mL in terms of morphine base, and so on.

A method for producing ozone gas-dissolved water includes a process in which a mixed gas of an ozone gas and an oxygen gas and degassed water are supplied to an ozone-dissolving section and the mixed gas is dissolved in the degassed water. The amount of the mixed gas supplied to the ozone-dissolving section is controlled such that the sum of the dissolved oxygen gas concentration of the degassed water and the increment of the dissolved oxygen gas concentration calculated from the amount of the oxygen gas in the mixed gas and the amount of the degassed water on the assumption that ozone in the mixed gas entirely decomposes into oxygen is less than or equal to the saturated solubility of the oxygen gas under conditions using the obtained ozone gas-dissolved water.

The invention discloses a baicalin nanometer crystal which comprises a raw material and an auxiliary material, wherein the raw material is baicalin. The preparation method of the baicalin nanometer crystal comprises the following steps: (1) dispersing a stabilizing agent into water to obtain a system A; (2) dispersing the baicalin into a good solvent to obtain system B; (3) dispersing the system B into the system A under the action of high-speed shearing to obtain a nanometer suspension C; (4) after the nanometer suspension C is centrifugalized at high speed, discarding supernatant, adding a small amount of the system A, and dispersing again through the high-speed shearing to obtain a concentrated suspension D; (5) adding a protective agent to the nanometer suspension C obtained from the step (3) or the concentrated suspension D obtained from the step (4), and drying to obtain the baicalin solid-state nanometer crystal. The baicalin nanometer crystal disclosed by the invention can be used for overcoming the defect that the baicalin is difficult to dissolve in water; compared with a raw material drug, the prepared baicalin nanometer crystal is significantly enhanced in saturated solubility.

An inkjet recording method comprising: shooting to a recording medium an active-light-ray-curable inkjet ink including a photopolymerizable compound, a wax, a photopolymerization initiator, and a coloring material, and that undergoes reversible sol-gel phase transition relative to temperature; and curing the ink by irradiating an active light ray to the ink that has been shot to the recording medium, wherein the ink including a (meta) acrylate compound (B) having a molecular weight of 300-1500 and a C log P value within the range 4.0 to 7.0, the wax content being 1.0-10 percent by mass of the total mass of the ink, and the temperature of the recording medium at active light ray irradiation being set such that the saturation solubility of the wax with respect to the ink constitutes 0.5 percent by mass or less. According to this image-forming method, blooming is suppressed.

The invention relates to construction of Tween 80-based biocompatible microemulsion and in vitro release and oxidation resistance study of carried apigenin. A pseudo-ternary phase diagram is adopted for constructing Tween80/IPM/PEG400/H2O biocompatible microemulsion, and partition is carried out by utilizing conductivity, so that structure of the microemulsion is changed from a bicontinuous phase(B.C.) to an O/W type. Further the O/W type microemulsion is selected as an apigenin carrier, saturation solubility experiments show that the constructed microemulsion obviously improves solubility ofthe apigenin, and compared with the solubility in water, the solubility is improved by 300 times when the microemulsion is taken as the carrier. In vitro release experiments show that the microemulsion has better slow-release effect on the apigenin, and a releasing process of the apigenin in the microemulsion accords with first-order kinetics and is under concentration diffusion control. A medicine still has better antioxidant activity in the microemulsion and has better clearing effect on ABTS<+>.. Release rate of the apigenin in the microemulsion, accumulated release rate and antioxidant activity can be regulated and controlled by changing a mass ratio of a surfactant to oil (S/O) and water content.

The blood sugar reducing health wine includes white liquor and puerarin, astragalus polysaccharide, jasminoidin and/or ursolic acid. Each 500 ml of the health wine contains at least 1 mg of the said health factors. The blood sugar reducing health wine is mellow, stable and controllable in quality, and has the health function of preventing and treating diabetes.