The invention provides a preparation method of 1, 2-dioleoyl-SN-
glycerol-3-
phosphorylethanolamine, which comprises the following specific steps: step S1, carrying out
nucleophilic substitution reaction on (S)-glyceryl acetonide and diphenyl chlorophosphate under the action of first alkali to obtain [(R)-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-
dioxolane-4-yl] diphenyl methyl
phosphate, and carrying out
condensation reaction on the [(R)-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-
dioxolane-4-yl] diphenyl methyl
phosphate under the action of second alkali to obtain [(R)-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-
dioxolane-4-yl] diphenyl methyl
phosphate; s2, carrying out a ring-opening reaction on the [(R)-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-dioxolane-4-yl] diphenyl methyl phosphate under the action of a first acid, so as to obtain (R)-2, 3-dihydroxypropyl
diphenyl phosphate, and carrying out a ring-opening reaction on the [(R)-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-dioxolane-4-yl] diphenyl methyl phosphate under the action of a second acid, so as to obtain (R)-2, 3-dihydroxypropyl
diphenyl phosphate; s3, the (R)-2, 3-dihydroxypropyl
diphenyl phosphate and
oleic acid are subjected to a
condensation reaction under the action of a condensing agent, and 1, 2-dioleoyl-SN-
glycerol-3-diphenyl phosphate is obtained; and step S4, enabling the 1, 2-dioleoyl-SN-
glycerol-3-diphenyl phosphate to react with
ethanolamine under the action of a second alkali, and then, carrying out
hydrolysis under an acidic condition, so as to obtain the 1, 2-dioleoyl-SN-glycerol-3-
phosphorylethanolamine.