The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization process for a low-carbon-emission Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tail gas. The process is used for converting the non-circular tail gas generated after the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction into synthesis gas containing hydrogen through water vapor reforming, and then separating and extracting high-purity hydrogen from the synthesis gas containing hydrogen for use. The comprehensive utilization process comprises the following steps: 1) obtaining converted gas through a water vapor conversion reaction, 2) obtaining a hydrocarbon fuel through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, 3) converting a hydrocarbon compound containing two or more than two carbon atoms into methane after a pre-reforming reaction, 4), converting methane and water vapor into hydrogen and carbon monoxide through a reforming reaction, 5) separating gases respectively containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, 6) and providing heat for a reforming reactor. The process disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively utilizing the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tail gas, especially the tail gas containing a large amount of inert components, and converting the tail gas into the hydrogen for use. Meanwhile, the comprehensive utilization process disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively utilizing residual combustible components after the hydrogen in the reforming gas is separated, thereby enhancing the utilization efficiency of the energy.