36 results about "Carbothermic reaction" patented technology

The invention discloses a synthesis method of a molybdenum disulfide/carbon composite material for preparing potassium humate, belonging to the field of inorganic non-metal materials. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a soluble molybdenum salt ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate in water, adding potassium humate into the solution, reversely dropping the mixed solution into nitric acid, and regulating the pH value to 1-3 to prepare a precipitate; and roasting in argon or any other inert atmosphere by a fused salt roasting process to generate carbon thermal reaction, thereby obtaining the composite structure on which nanorods with the length of 100nm or so are carried on the carbon film. The method has the advantages of simple technique and low cost. The biomass material potassium humate is used as the carbon source to directly synthesize the loaded nano composite structure.

The invention provides a method for extracting metallic aluminium from aluminum oxide by vacuum carbothermal reduction, which comprises the following steps: adopting aluminium oxide or minerals containing aluminium oxide as raw material, auxiliarily taking graphite as reducing agent and aluminium trichloride as chlorinating agent, carrying out carbothermal reaction in a vacuum furnace under the condition that the system pressure is 20Pa, the reducing temperature is 1400-1600 DEG C and the reaction time is 60-90min, then carrying out chlorination to carbothermal residue for 30-60min and finallyobtaining aluminum subchloride (AlCl), when temperature lowers, disproportioning and decomposing AlCl into metallic aluminium and aluminium trichloride at the temperature less than 660 DEG C, and obtaining metallic aluminium with purity more than 95% and recovery efficiency reaching more than 80%. The recovery efficiency of aluminium trichloride is more than 80%; and the process flows are short,the cost is low and the pollution to environment is small.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an iron phosphide and carbon composite structure by utilizing carbothermic reaction, and particularly relates to a simple and easy method for preparing the iron phosphide and carbon composite structure. The method is suitable for preparing a composite structure of iron phosphide, other metal phosphides and carbon in large scale. The method comprises the following steps: soaking melamine by a mixed solution of ferric chloride hexahydrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate by adopting a soaking method in which the ferric chloride hexahydrate, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and the melamine are used as raw materials, then carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on melamine under inert gas by adopting a high-temperature pyrolysis method, reducing metal phosphates into metal phosphides, thereby obtaining the iron phosphide and carbon composite structure. According to the method, the uniform refining of the iron phosphide and carbon composite structure can be achieved by changing the ratio of the ferric chloride hexahydrate to the melamine and conditions of the pyrolysis reduction, such as warming velocity, holding temperature, temperature holding time, so that the iron phosphide and carbon composite structure which is uniform in granule and excellent in catalytic performance can be obtained.

The invention discloses an iron manganese vanadium phosphate precursor, an iron manganese vanadium lithium phosphate/carbon anode material and a preparation method. The preparation method includes following steps: 1), preparing a mixed solution of ferric iron source, manganous source, pentavalent vanadium source and phosphor source, and preparing an ammonia water solution; 2), mixing the mixed solution with the ammonia water solution according to a set proportion for co-precipitation reaction to obtain a precipitation product; 3), subjecting the precipitation product to washing, drying and pre-sintering to obtain an iron manganese vanadium phosphate precursor material, well mixing the iron manganese vanadium phosphate precursor material with a lithium source and a carbon source, drying, and calcining in an inert atmosphere to obtain the iron manganese vanadium lithium phosphate/carbon anode material. The iron manganese vanadium phosphate precursor is prepared firstly, a ferric iron compound is used as an iron source in the process of preparation, control on valence state changing of iron is unique, ferric iron can be ensured to be reduced into ferrous in the subsequent carbothermic reaction step, and then the LiFe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4 material high in both purity and electrochemical performance is obtained.

The invention discloses a titanium-iron alloy preparation method, and relates to the technical field of metal smelting. The method comprises the following steps: carbothermic reaction: mixing vanadium-titanium magnetite used as a raw material and coal powder used as a reducer, adding bentonite water accounting for 1% of the mixture in mass into the mixture, mixing, pelletizing, drying the formed wet pellets, performing constant-temperature heating, cooling the heated dry pellets in a closed manner, pulverizing, and screening to obtain prereducing ore powder; and aluminothermic reduction reaction: according to mass percentage, uniformly mixing 9-10% of prereducing ore powder, 23-26% of Al powder, 55-58% of titanium concentrate powder, 5-6% of CaO and 3-5% of KClO3, igniting with a magnesium ribbon, performing self-propagating aluminothermic reduction reaction, cooling the mixture after the reaction, and deslagging to obtain a titanium-iron alloy cast ingot. The preparation method in the invention reduces the aluminum consumption, lowers the production cost and provides diversified titanium-iron alloy varieties.

The invention discloses a titanium-iron alloy preparation method, and relates to the technical field of metal smelting. The method comprises the following steps: carbothermic reaction: mixing vanadium-titanium magnetite used as a raw material and coal powder used as a reducer, adding bentonite water accounting for 1% of the mixture in mass into the mixture, mixing, pelletizing, drying the formed wet pellets, performing constant-temperature heating, cooling the heated dry pellets in a closed manner, pulverizing, and screening to obtain prereducing ore powder; and aluminothermic reduction reaction: according to mass percentage, uniformly mixing 40-42% of prereducing ore powder, 21-23% of Al powder, 24-26% of titanium white, 5-6% of CaO and 7-9% of KClO3, igniting with a magnesium ribbon, performing self-propagating aluminothermic reduction reaction, cooling the mixture after the reaction, and deslagging to obtain a titanium-iron alloy cast ingot. The preparation method in the invention reduces the aluminum consumption, lowers the production cost and provides diversified titanium-iron alloy varieties.

The invention discloses a transmission electron microscope technology for in-situ study of a three-dimensional distribution structure of nanoparticles. The transmission electron microscope technologyis characterized by comprising the steps of: acquiring carbon nanofibers after carbonization treatment by adopting an electrospinning technique and thermal treatment; loading precursor salt of alloy on the carbon nanofibers; assembling a metal needle tip into a sample rod fixing end of a transmission electron microscope, the carbon nanofibers are loaded with a gold needle platform, and a gold needle is arranged on the movable end of a sample rod; the sample rod loaded with the metal needle tip and the gold needle is inserted into the transmission electron microscope, the height and position ofthe gold needle at the movable end of the sample rod are adjusted, such that the carbon nanofibers on the gold needle platform are in contact with the metal needle tip, a certain voltage is applied within certain instantaneous time, so that the precursor salt loaded on the carbon nanofibers on gold needle platform undergoes an instantaneous carbothermic reaction to form alloy nanoparticles, and the distribution variations and sintering situations of the alloy nanoparticles under the action of a current field are observed; and two-dimensional projection transmission electron microscope pictures are photographed, the electron microscope pictures are subjected to alignment, three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization by means of software.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recovery, in particular to a method for ex-situ absorption of waste gas produced during carbothermic lithium extraction of waste lithium batteries. The method comprises the following steps: S1, filling a flue gas absorption device with a positive electrode material; S2, introducing flue gas produced in a carbothermic reduction process into a flue gas absorption device, wherein the flue gas absorption device is kept at a certain temperature; S3, when the concentration of carbon monoxide and VOC at the outlet of the flue gas absorption device exceeds the standard, replacing the positive electrode material in the flue gas absorption device with a positive electrode material which does not absorb the flue gas; S4, mixing the replaced positive electrode material which absorbs the flue gas with carbon powder, carrying out a carbothermic reaction, and allowing generated flue gas to enter the step S2; and S5, preheating the positive electrode material to be packed into the flue gas absorption device with the flue gas exhausted from the flue gas absorption device, and allowing the preheated positive electrode material to enter the step S1. The method has the beneficial effects that 1) a carbon source utilization rate is high; 2) the reduction efficiency of a positive electrode material is high; and 3) flue gas treatment cost is low.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an electrocatalytic oxygen reduction (ORR) electrocatalyst. With the reaction temperature controlled, the reaction degree of the carbon thermal reaction of zinc sulfide can be induced, so that the size and content of the zinc sulfide and the density of carbon defects generated by the carbon thermal reaction can be regulated and controlled, and therefore, the nano zinc sulfide loaded defect-based carbon nano electro-catalytic material can be obtained. Compared with other synthesis methods, the method is simple and easy to control. The nano zinc sulfide loaded defect-based carbon nano electro-catalytic material has efficient ORR catalytic performance; and the limiting current density of the material in an alkaline electrolyte solution is -5.3 mA/cm <2>, the half-wave potential of the material is 0.894 V, and the material has excellent oxygen reduction electro-catalytic performance. Researches show that the change of the temperature is beneficial to controlling the degree of the carbon thermal reaction of the zinc sulfide and controlling the growth process of the zinc sulfide, and obtained nano zinc sulfide particles and defect sites can be used as ORR electrocatalytic active centers.

A method for manufacturing a steel ingot in a casting arrangement (100) comprising a vacuum vessel (110); an ingot mold (120) arranged within the vacuum vessel and a stirrer (130) arranged to stir liquid steel in the ingot mold, comprising: -providing (1000) a liquid steel melt; filling (2000) the ingot mold (100) with the liquid steel melt; applying (3000) a reduced pressure within the vacuum vessel (110); allowing the liquid steel melt to solidify into an ingot; allowing the liquid steel melt to solidify under stirring within the ingot mold at a reduced pressure during solidification of the steel melt; wherein, the liquid steel melt comprises a predetermined amount of carbon and; incidental impurity elements in the form of oxides, wherein during stirring the oxides are reduced by carbothermic reaction in which oxygen in the oxides and carbon in the steel melt form carbon-monoxide.

The invention discloses a method for producing phosphoric acid by decomposing phosphate ore. A side-blown furnace is taken as a phosphate ore decomposition furnace and is divided into two parts including an oxidation zone and a reduction zone, wherein gas phase sections of the two parts are completely isolated by a partition wall, and the partition wall only goes deep into a liquid surface of a melt; gas for an oxidation reaction and C substances for a reduction reaction in the side-blown furnace are sprayed into the melt from two sides of the side-blown furnace respectively, a carbon heat reaction reduction zone and a P4 and CO mixed gas oxidation reaction zone are completely separated, P4 and CO mixed gas produced by the reduction zone is introduced into the oxidation zone of the melt section for cyclic utilization, heat can be directly transferred between the oxidation reaction and the reduction reaction of the melt section, so that heat during the oxidation reaction can be transferred as fully as possible and counteracts consumption heat of the reduction reaction to decompose the phosphate ore through own reaction heat and guarantee a higher phosphate ore decomposition rate, and the yield of a phosphoric acid product is increased while energy is saved.