The invention provides a storage data integrity verification and recovery method. The storage data integrity verification and recovery method comprises the following steps of: firstly, partitioning information data, and generating data evidence; then, mapping the data evidence onto a server node, performing secondary pseudo-random placement of the data evidence, after verification applied by a user is passed, returning a stored data block and a corresponding evidence label to the user, and calculating and comparing the consistency of information through a private key and an evidence key, so that verification is realized; and, if data is attacked or tampered, when node failure in a system is detected, returning the position of an error node by the system, performing linear processing of a data block, which is smaller than a source file, according to secondary pseudo-random placement storage and a regeneration code, performing iterative operation of an effective node, and precisely recovering data. By means of the storage data integrity verification and recovery method provided by the invention, whether data is integrated, attacked and tampered or not can be checked by using a small amount of resources; due to secondary pseudo-random placement storage of the data, data can be recovered through undamaged data blocks; and furthermore, by means of the method, the storage overhead and the communication overhead are relatively low and high in anti-attacking property.