The invention discloses a physical simulation and calibration device and method for formation pressure testing. The physical simulation and calibration device comprises a rock core clamper and furthercomprises a confining pressure simulation module, a formation pressure simulation module, an annulus pressure simulation module, a suction system, a pushing force simulation module and a driving control system; the rock core clamper is internally provided with a rock core, the pushing force simulation module is provided with a thrust rod, and the thrust rod penetrates through the cavity wall of one side of the rock core clamper; the front end of the thrust rod is provided with a simulation probe, and the suction system is connected to the thrust rod; and the confining pressure simulation module, the formation pressure simulation module, the annulus pressure simulation module, the pushing force simulation module and the suction system are all connected with the driving control system. Thephysical simulation and calibration device has the beneficial effects that the physical simulation and calibration device can simulate the physical environment of the formation pressure testing, physical simulation of formation pressure testing is achieved, a formation pressure tester can be corrected and calibrated, and the formation pressure testing ability and control precision are improved.