Optical fiber wireless single sideband modulation system with self-adaptive optical load side ratio, involving optical fiber communication, long-period fiber grating, microwave photon technology, the system includes: continuous wave laser (1), two-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator (2 ), sine wave local oscillator (3), 90-degree power splitter (4), bias voltage regulator (5), dynamic polarization controller (6), polarization beam splitter (7), first long-period optical fiber Grating (81), second long-period fiber grating (82), polarization beam combiner (9), Y splitter (10), optical fiber (11), first photodetector (121), optical interleaver (13) , a second photodetector (122), a third photodetector (123), and a current comparator (14). The above devices are connected sequentially. The invention can make the change of the optical load side ratio of the single sideband modulation signal adaptive to system parameters, and keep it at 0dB all the time, so as to maintain the system performance in the optimal state.