6961 results about "Thyristor" patented technology

A semiconductor device includes a thyristor configured to be formed through sequential joining of a first region of a first conductivity type, a second region of a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, a third region of the first conductivity type, and a fourth region of the second conductivity type, and have a gate formed over the third region. The first to fourth regions are formed in a silicon germanium region or germanium region.

A load control device for controlling the amount of power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load is operable to conduct enough current through a thyristor of a connected dimmer switch to exceed rated latching and holding currents of the thyristor. The load control device comprises a controllable-load circuit operable to conduct a controllable-load current through the thyristor of the dimmer switch. The load control device disables the controllable-load circuit when the phase-control voltage received from the dimmer switch is a reverse phase-control waveform. When the phase-control voltage received from the dimmer switch is a forward phase-control waveform, the load control device is operable to decrease the magnitude of the controllable-load current so as to conduct only enough current as is required in order to exceed rated latching and holding currents of the thyristor.

A magnetic nerve stimulator system is comprised of a core constructed from a material having a high field saturation with a coil winding. A thyrister capacitive discharge circuit pulses the device. A rapidly changing magnetic field is guided by the core, preferably vanadium permendur. For task specific excitation of various nerve groups, specially constructed cores allow for excitation of nerves at deeper levels with higher efficiency than is possible with air-core stimulators. Among the applications possible with this invention are treatment of incontinence, rehabilitation of large muscle groups in the leg and arm, and excitation of abdominal wall muscle groups to aid in weight loss and metabolic rate increase. A C-shape is employed for focussing the stimulation as desired.

An AC controller which provides programmable switching of AC power flow, together with producing a source of DC power for operating the AC controller. The AC controller is connected in series with only one side of the AC power source and the AC load. The AC controller utilizes a thyristor for AC power control switching. During the operation, the AC controller steals a small portion of each half-cycle of the AC power to provide DC power to the AC controller. The AC controller enables the flow of AC current by providing a gate current pulse at any predetermined time during the half cycle. Once the thyristor is ON, the AC current flows through the thyristor until the AC cycle is at or near zero. To provide an OFF state, the AC controller does not provide a gate current pulse. The AC controller uses an microcontroller for the programmable capability. The AC controller can be programmed to provide a flashing light function, a time delay off mode, an automatic fade mode, a dimming function, a burglar deterrent function, and a time delay dim function. With a three-position switch which can replace existing types of wall switches, three modes of operation are achieved: ON, OFF, and MODE. The mode position initiates operation of the special function of the controller.

A semiconductor device may comprise a plurality of memory cells. A memory cell may comprise a thyristor, at least a portion of which is formed in a pillar of semiconductor material. The pillar may comprise sidewalls defining a cylindrical circumference of a first diameter. In a particular embodiment, the pillars associated with the plurality of memory cells may define rows and columns of an array. In a further embodiment, a pillar may be spaced by a first distance of magnitude up to the first diameter relative to a neighboring pillar within its row. In an additional further embodiment, the pillar may be spaced by a second distance of a magnitude up to twice the first diameter, relative to a neighboring pillar within its column.

The invention relates to a grid synchroniser for connecting an AC output of a power converter to the AC grid mains. In one aspect the invention provides a grid synchroniser comprising an inverter controller to control an AC output of the inverter, the controller including a receiver to receive grid data from a grid sensor location remote from said inverter. In another aspect we describe techniques for rapid removal of charge from a control terminal of a power switching device such as a MOSFET, IGBT or Thyristor using a particular driver circuit.

The invention relates to a grid synchronizer for connecting an AC output of a power converter to the AC grid mains. In one aspect the invention provides a grid synchronizer comprising an inverter controller to control an AC output of the inverter, the controller including a receiver to receive grid data from a grid sensor location remote from said inverter. In another aspect we describe techniques for rapid removal of charge from a control terminal of a power switching device such as a MOSFET, IGBT or Thyristor using a particular driver circuit.

A circuit for powering high-efficiency lighting devices from a thyristor-controlled dimmer predicts a zero-crossing time of the AC power line supplying the dimmer and causes a glue impedance to be imposed at the output of the dimmer starting at the time of the zero-crossing, so that the timer in the dimmer will operate properly to generate the turn-on event at the correct time. At turn-on, a lower level of impedance is presented to absorb the energy associated with the turn-on event. A higher level of impedance may be presented after the energy is absorbed until all of the energy needed for the cycle is transferred. Then, a high impedance state is maintained until the next zero-crossing time. The impedance control may be provided by non-uniform operation of a power converter that supplies the lighting devices, or by a combination of non-uniform power converter operation and dissipative loading.

A light-adjusting device of an LED illuminating lamp comprises an LED illuminating lamp brightness control single firewire setting unit, an LED illuminating lamp brightness control adjusting unit, and an LED illuminating lamp brightness control drive unit. According to a light-adjusting method of the LED illuminating lamp, a method that positive and negative half-waves of a bidirectional thyristor are controlled to be triggered in a phase shifting mode is adopted, an LED illuminating lamp brightness increasing control signal or an LED illuminating lamp brightness reducing control signal is sent out in a single firewire mode, the brightness control signal is recognized through a micro controller, and the micro controller outputs a PWM signal with an adjustable duty ratio to control the brightness of the LED illuminating lamp to change between 0% and 100% in a 1% step value. The light-adjusting device is free of a remote controller and a control wire, a power supply wire does not need to be paved again, and replacement and upgrading of a common illuminating lamp are achieved.

An overvoltage / overcurrent electrostatic discharge protection single circuit structure for Integrated Circuits protects on all paths and polarities between In / Out, Supply, and Ground pins. The structure is built on the chip substrate with an N well with three P Diffusions therein each containing N+ and P+ diffusions therein to form 6 transistors and 8 parasitic resistors to yield 5 thyristors. The structure provides very fast, symmetrical, full protection while using minimal chip area.

A pnpn thyristor element Thy1 and six pn diode elements D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, and D6 are formed in a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, and separated into six regions by a diffusion layer of a second conductivity type which also functions as the anode of the thyristor element Thy1. A double isolation diffusion layer is disposed between the region of the thyristor element Thy1 and three pn diode elements D1 ·D2 and D6, and the region of the three remaining pn diodes D3, D4, and D5. Surface connection is performed to provide a balance type surge protection circuit.

The invention relates to a breaker of a direct current system, in particular to a semi-controlled active injection current high voltage direct current breaker and a realization method thereof. The breaker comprises a high speed switch-thyristor module branch, as well as a lightning arrester branch and a bridge circuit which are connected in parallel with the branch, wherein a capacitor-reactor series branch and a resistor-thyristor series branch are connected in parallel and then connected with middle points of two bridge arms of the bridge circuit; and the two ends of a capacitor are connected in parallel with a charging loop. The breaker is based on a direct current breaking principle by the traditional active injection current manner; semi-controlled power electronic devices are added; a high speed mechanical switch is adopted; the advantage of low loss during normal breakover is kept; and bidirectional current can be broken quickly without an arc. The breaker is simple in circuit topological structure, simple and convenient to control, mature in technology, easy to realize, great in current breaking capability, high in withstand voltage level and strong in expansion capability, and the cost is lowered greatly since the number of the adopted power electronic devices is small.

A two-wire load control device (such as, a dimmer switch) for controlling the amount of power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load (such as, a high-efficiency lighting load) includes a thyristor coupled between the source and the load, a gate coupling circuit coupled between a first main load terminal and the gate of the thyristor, and a control circuit coupled to a control input of the gate coupling circuit. The control circuit generates a drive voltage for causing the gate coupling circuit to conduct a gate current to thus render the thyristor conductive at a firing time during a half cycle of the AC power source, and to allow the gate coupling circuit to conduct the gate current at any time from the firing time through approximately the remainder of the half cycle, where the gate coupling circuit conducts approximately no net average current to render and maintain the thyristor conductive.

The invention relates to a voltage-stabilization electricity-saving device, and particularly relates to an undisturbed switching mechanism of the voltage-stabilization electricity-saving device. The undisturbed switching mechanism comprises a power source, a compensation transformer connected with the power source and a voltage-regulating transformer connected in series between the power source and the compensation transformer. The undisturbed switching mechanism further comprises a load connected in parallel at the two ends of the compensation transformer, and a bidirectional thyristor mechanism connected in series with the compensation transformer. The undisturbed switching mechanism is characterized in that the undisturbed switching mechanism further comprises a series circuit formed by a resistor and a bidirectional thyristor, wherein the series circuit is connected in parallel to the secondary coil of the compensation transformer. Compared with the prior art, the undisturbed switching mechanism in the invention solves the problem of strong impact generated during thyristor switching, and obvious noise cannot be generated during switching, so that the stability of the system is greatly improved, the service life of the thyristor is prolonged, and the capacity of the intelligent voltage-stabilization electricity-saving device can be greatly increased when the thyristors with same capacity and withstand voltage level are adopted.

The invention provides a fault protection circuit for a submodule of a modular multilevel converter. When a second switch tube T2 is on, and a first switch tube T1 is off and is short circuited, a submodule controller 101 controls the second switch tube T2 to block the conduction between a pulse and a second thyristor D4, and sends an off signal to a by-pass switch at the same time. Due to the long action time of the by-pass switch K, the conduction of the second thyristor D4 can implement the rapid bypass of a fault submodule. According to the fault protection circuit and method for the submodule of the modular multilevel converter provided by the invention, when the second switch tube T2 is on, and the first switch tube T1 is short circuited, fault current can be prevented from expanding to a system effectively, so that the voltage stability at a direct current side is ensured and the requirements of the system on high reliability and safe operation are met.

The invention discloses a distributing net single phase earth fault type and a distinguishing method of phase identification, relating to a distributing net single phase earth fault distinguishing method in the field of AC distributing net testing and relaying protection technology. According to the invention, through collecting three-phase voltage of the distributing net system and neutral point voltage of the distributing net system, phase angle of each eigenvector is computed through a special relation, the type of the fault and the phase identification can be fast distinguished through the phase angle distinguishing logic. The inventive working system is that a three-phase bus (000), a grounding transformer (100), a linear side of an arc suppression coil (200) are connected in turn with the earth; a controller (400), a thyristor (300) and a secondary side of an arc suppression coil (200) are connected in turn. The invention is simple in criterion, small in collection quantity, fast in distinguishing speed, high in accuracy, reliable in security, which is suitable for 3-66 KV distributing net based on an aerial line or a power cable.

A power supply circuit for operating high-efficiency lighting devices from a thyristor-controlled dimmer determines the dimming value, i.e., the dimmer duty factor by periodically probing the dimmer output. A minimum conductance is applied across the output of the dimmer during probing intervals that begin at the turn-on time of the dimmer and last until enough information has been gathered to correctly predict a next zero crossing of the AC line voltage that supplies the input of the dimmer. The dimming value is determined from the time interval between the predicted zero-crossing and a next turn-on time of the dimmer. The probing can be performed at intervals of an odd number of half-cycles of the AC line frequency so that a DC offset is not introduced within internal timing circuits of the dimmer. The AC line frequency can also be determined from a time interval between the predicted zero crossings.

The invention relates to a transcranial magnetic field stimulator with a plurality of stimulating coils which comprises a high voltage charging power supply, a current-limiting resistance, an energy dumped capacitor, a reverse current reflowing diode, a thyristor switch, stimulating coils and a microcomputer controller. The stimulator is characterized in that: a stimulating unit comprises a thyristor switch, a stimulating coil and an energy dumped capacitor; N parallel connected stimulating units are connected to the current-limiting resistance and the high voltage charging power supply end; N stimulating units shared use an energy dumped capacitor; the microcomputer controller ends are respectively connected with the triggering ends of the thyristor switch in every stimulating unit; N is more than or equal to 2. A magnetic field stimulator of the invention can substitute a plurality of magnetic field stimulators in using, realizes the in-turn stimulation of a plurality of stimulating coils, and ensures a plurality of parts to get continuous stimulation from the program control. If the number of the energy dumped capacitor is increased, a plurality of coils not only can be stimulated in time sharing, but also achieving synchronous stimulation and couple stimulation.

The invention relates to a sub-module circuit board used for a dynamic simulation test for simulating a high-capacity multi-level modular converter (MMC). A digital controller on the circuit board is used for controlling a plurality of MMC sub-modules of which parameters are reduced according to an exponential method, the sub-modules are connected in series. Each MMC sub-module comprises a main circuit an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and silicon controlled rectifier driving circuit, a capacitance and voltage sampling circuit, a circuit board isolation power supply, a control and coding-decoding chip shared by a plurality of sub-modules, and a fiber channel, wherein the main circuit a capacitor, two IGBTs which are connected vertically in series and connected with the capacitor in parallel, a bypass switch connected with the lower IGBT in parallel, and a silicon controlled rectifier which is used for protecting the IGBTs and the capacitor and connected with the lower IGBT.

An LED dimming circuit suitable for thyristor dimmers, 50 / 60Hz AC sine wave waveforms are chopped by a triac (TRIAC), rectified by a bridge rectifier circuit (A), and separated by an isolation circuit ( U1) Take out the chopping waveform and send it to the single-chip control unit (MCU), the single-chip control unit (MCU) outputs the PWM waveform to the LED driver chip (LEDDRIVE), and the LED driver chip (LEDDRIVE) drives the light-emitting diodes (LED1, LED2) to emit light. It makes the LED lamp directly replace the incandescent lamp with the same perfect dimming effect, and the circuit is simple and the cost is low, which overcomes an important obstacle for the LED lamp to replace the incandescent lamp.

A load control device for controlling the power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load includes a thyristor, a gate coupling circuit for conducting a gate current through a gate of the thyristor, and a control circuit for controlling the gate coupling circuit to conduct the gate current through a first current path to render the thyristor conductive at a firing time during a half cycle. The gate coupling circuit is able to conduct the gate current through the first current path again after the firing time, but the gate current is not able to be conducted through the gate from a transition time before the end of the half-cycle until approximately the end of the half-cycle. The load current is able to be conducted through a second current path to the electrical load after the transition time until approximately the end of the half-cycle.

A vertical semiconductor device (e.g. a vertical power device, an IGBT device, a vertical bipolar transistor, a UMOS device or a GTO thyristor) is formed with an active semiconductor region, within which a plurality of semiconductor structures have been fabricated to form an active device, and below which at least a portion of a substrate material has been removed to isolate the active device, to expose at least one of the semiconductor structures for bottom side electrical connection and to enhance thermal dissipation. At least one of the semiconductor structures is preferably contacted by an electrode at the bottom side of the active semiconductor region.

A load control device for controlling the amount of power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load is operable to conduct enough current through a thyristor of a connected dimmer switch to exceed rated latching and holding currents of the thyristor. The load control device comprises a controllable-load circuit operable to conduct a controllable-load current through the thyristor of the dimmer switch. The load control device disables the controllable-load circuit when the phase-control voltage received from the dimmer switch is a reverse phase-control waveform. When the phase-control voltage received from the dimmer switch is a forward phase-control waveform, the load control device is operable to decrease the magnitude of the controllable-load current so as to conduct only enough current as is required in order to exceed rated latching and holding currents of the thyristor.

A light-adjusting and current-limiting control circuit for a lamp includes a sampling circuit formed of a manganese-copper line or a current transformer, a power circuit provided with resistors, capacitors, diodes, a Varistor and a zener diode, a signal adjusting circuit composed of diodes, resistors, a varistor, triacs and capacitors, and a control output circuit having a thyristor, diodes, a relay and an LED. The control output circuit can be replaced with a light-adjusting input circuit, a chip processor control circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a two-way silicon controlled rectifier control output circuit 5. Thus, the invention has a low cost, a small size and an excellent precision, compared to conventional ones.

The invention relates to a circuit breaker and a realization method thereof, and specifically relates to a mixed high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker and a realization method thereof. The direct-current circuit breaker is based on the principle of secondary current transfer. A main branch is composed of a quick-action mechanical switch and a current transfer module which contains a full-controlled device, which ensures the advantages of low loss and flexible current transfer control in the state of normal conduction. A first current transfer branch is composed of half-controlled device thyristors connected in series, so that the circuit breaker has strong fault flow capacity and breaking capacity, 'zero voltage and zero current' of the mechanical switch can be maintained long enough, and arc-free switching of the mechanical switch is realized. A second current transfer branch is composed of capacitors with pre-charged voltage, an inductor, and series-connected thyristors. After the thyristors of the first current transfer branch are reliably switched off, the capacitors quickly build up direct voltage high enough to resist the system, and an energy absorption circuit limits the voltage of the capacitors. Thus, the size and cost of the capacitors are well controlled.

A hybrid light source comprises a discrete-spectrum lamp (for example, a fluorescent lamp) and a continuous-spectrum lamp (for example, a halogen lamp). A control circuit individually controls the amount of power delivered to the discrete-spectrum lamp and the continuous-spectrum lamp in response to a phase-controlled voltage generated by a connected dimmer switch, such that a total light output of the hybrid light source ranges throughout a dimming range. The discrete-spectrum lamp is turned off and the continuous-spectrum lamp produces all of the total light intensity of the hybrid light source when the total light intensity is below a transition intensity. The continuous-spectrum lamp is driven by a continuous-spectrum lamp drive circuit, which is operable to conduct a charging current of a power supply of the dimmer switch and to provide a path for enough current to flow through the hybrid light source, such that the magnitude of the current exceeds rated latching and holding currents of a thyristor of the dimmer.

A hybrid light source comprises a discrete-spectrum lamp (for example, a fluorescent lamp) and a continuous-spectrum lamp (for example, a halogen lamp). A control circuit individually controls the amount of power delivered to the discrete-spectrum lamp and the continuous-spectrum lamp in response to a phase-controlled voltage generated by a connected dimmer switch, such that a total light output of the hybrid light source ranges throughout a dimming range. The discrete-spectrum lamp is turned off and the continuous-spectrum lamp produces all of the total light intensity of the hybrid light source when the total light intensity is below a transition intensity. The continuous-spectrum lamp is driven by a continuous-spectrum lamp drive circuit, which is operable to conduct a charging current of a power supply of the dimmer switch and to provide a path for enough current to flow through the hybrid light source, such that the magnitude of the current exceeds rated latching and holding currents of a thyristor of the dimmer.

A method for manufacturing an integrated circuit structure includes providing a semiconductor substrate and forming a trench therein. A thyristor is formed around the trench and within the semiconductor substrate. The thyristor has at least four layers with three P-N junctions therebetween. A gate for the thyristor is formed within the trench. An access transistor is formed on the semiconductor substrate. An interconnect is formed between the thyristor and the access transistor.