The invention discloses a device and method for testing performance of blue light-emitting diode (LED) excitation fluorescent powder and relates to fluorescent powder. The invention provides a device and method for testing performance of blue LED excitation fluorescent powder based on an integrating sphere. The testing device is provided with a fixing base, an integrating sphere, a light outlet barrel, a blue LED light source, a TEC temperature control clamp, a constant current source, a cosine collector, a spectrograph, a computer, a baffle and a standard white board. An LED with the advantages of adjustable spectrum parameters and stable illumination serves as the excitation light source, the light rays reflected by the fluorescent powder are completely collected through the characteristic that the integrating sphere device is closed, a set of fluorescent powder performance measurement system with high applicability is provided, and important luminous performance indexes, such a luminous efficacy, external quantum efficiency and light conversion efficiency, of the fluorescent powder under the actual working conditions can be conveniently and accurately measured and analyzed; meanwhile, the LED excitation light source can be flexibly replaced in the system so as to meet the requirements of different fluorescent powder on different excitation light sources, and the system has good extension performance.