The invention relates to a modified inorganic lithium silicate binder, and in particular relates to a water-based binder containing lithium silicate, silica soil and auxiliaries. More specifically, the modified inorganic lithium silicate binder comprises 10-25 parts of lithium silicate, 60-75 parts of silica soil and 10-15 parts of modified binder and 0.6-3 parts of auxiliaries, wherein the lithium silicate is prepared from 3-10 parts of de-ionized water, 0.5-1.5 parts of lithium hydrate, 5-12 parts of silica soil and 1-2 parts of stabilizer through a reaction; the modified binder is organic fluorine and / or an organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion. The binder provided by the invention is environment-friendly and free of pollution; the content of SiO2 of the modified inorganic lithium silicate binder does not exceed 20%; and the binder is low in viscosity, short in drying time; as a result, the formed dry film is insoluble in water, and excellent in bonding strength, flexibility and impact resistance; the binder is used for preparing an anticorrosion water-based inorganic zinc rich paint, and the combination properties of the paint film are improved; especially, the paint film is excellent in corrosion resistance, high in bonding strength, tough and wear resistant, and also excellent in crazing resistance, oil resistance, organic solvent resistance, weather fastness and high / low temperature resistance; the paint film has the welding performance with paint and has a function of protecting steel structures against corrosion for a long time.