The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a road lineating material based on a phosphorus and magnesium material and a preparation method thereof. The road lineatingmaterial based on the phosphorus and magnesium material is prepared by mixing magnesium phosphate cement, an additive, a mixture, a pigment and glass beads in a special proportion. The road lineatingmaterial constructed and coated to a pavement has the comprehensive advantages of excellent permeating wettability, high early strength, high closed adhesive force, quick drying and wear resistance, water logging resistance and solarization resistance, non-slip and convenience in construction, construction at a relatively low temperature, low cost, easy re-coating and the like, and the VOC value of the material is nearly zero. The main body of the material is a water base which is non-combustible and non-explosive and non-toxic and harmless. The road lineating material based on the phosphorusand magnesium material is suitable for low-temperature construction, high in drying speed, high in strength, high in adhesive force and durability, has the advantages of environmental protection, energy conservation, safety and reliability and easy re-coating, and is simple in preparation process and short in consumed time.